Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the active trading of the Hong Kong Stock Connect Dividend ETF Guangfa (520900) and emphasizes the attractiveness of high dividend assets and growth-oriented stocks in the current low macro interest rate environment [1] Group 1: Market Conditions - The macro interest rates are at historical lows, prompting a focus on companies with strong technical capabilities and excellent cash flow, as well as undervalued high-dividend quality state-owned enterprises [1] - The trend of low interest rates and policies encouraging long-term capital inflow into the market supports the view that dividend assets remain a worthwhile long-term investment direction [1] Group 2: Investment Strategy - The Hong Kong Stock Connect Dividend ETF Guangfa (520900) and its offshore links (022719/022720) closely track the CSI China New Hong Kong Stock Connect Central Enterprise Dividend Index (931722.CSI) [1] - The ETF has a significant allocation to leading state-owned enterprises such as the three major oil companies, the three major telecommunications operators, and China Shenhua, showcasing notable value style and defensive characteristics [1] - This investment vehicle provides investors with a convenient entry point to allocate to Hong Kong dividend assets, balancing stable returns with long-term value [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential "migration" of bank deposits as a significant portion of household wealth matures in 2026, influenced by low deposit rates and an increasingly active capital market [1][7]. Group 1: Financial Asset Structure - As of the end of 2022, the financial assets of Chinese households were composed of cash and deposits (50.2%), bonds (8.8%), stocks and equity (19.5%), securities investment funds (11.7%), and insurance (9.8%) [2][8]. - The choice of whether to "migrate" deposits is fundamentally about the selection of financial assets based on risk, return, and liquidity considerations [2][8]. Group 2: International Comparisons - Research indicates that by 2024, the financial asset structure of U.S. households will be significantly different, with cash and deposits at 11.2%, bonds at 4.5%, stocks and investment funds at 55.3%, and insurance and pensions at 27.8% [3][9]. - The comparison with developed countries shows that cash and deposits in countries like the UK, Japan, and Germany remain above 30%, suggesting that the U.S. model may not be applicable to China [3][9]. Group 3: Demographic and Economic Influences - Aging population trends in China are expected to increase the preference for low-risk assets, as older individuals tend to favor safer investments [4][10]. - Low interest rates are prompting households to seek higher returns, but the method of achieving this—whether through direct stock investments or indirect methods like insurance and funds—remains uncertain [4][10][11]. Group 4: Market Performance Correlation - Historical data shows that the proportion of household stock holdings correlates with long-term stock market performance, with increases in stock fund holdings observed in the U.S., Japan, and Germany from 2013 to 2024 [5][11]. - The stability of stock and equity holdings among Chinese households is crucial for achieving a sustained bullish market [5][11].

1. Report's Industry Investment Rating - Not mentioned in the provided content 2. Core View of the Report - After the Spring Festival, A-shares are likely to have a restorative rebound. In the long - term, with low interest rates, "asset shortage", and policy - guided long - term funds entering the market, the domestic market has sufficient funds, and the medium - and long - term upward trend of stock indices is expected to remain unchanged. It is recommended to hold long positions in stock indices for the long - term [7] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Market Review and Forecast of Interest - rate Products - In the previous week, the central bank conducted 1652.4 billion yuan of reverse repurchase operations, with 405.5 billion yuan of reverse repurchase maturing, resulting in a net injection of 1246.9 billion yuan. It also carried out 150 billion yuan of treasury cash fixed - deposit tenders, 500 billion yuan of 182 - day outright reverse repurchase matured, and 1000 billion yuan of 182 - day outright reverse repurchase was conducted [4] - In the week of February 24 - 28 after the Spring Festival, 2252.4 billion yuan of reverse repurchase will mature in the central bank's open market, including 1452.4 billion yuan, 400 billion yuan, and 400 billion yuan maturing on February 24th, 25th, and 26th respectively. On February 25th, 300 billion yuan of MLF and 150 billion yuan of treasury cash fixed - deposit will also mature [5] Stock Index Market - During the Spring Festival, global major stock indices generally performed strongly. From February 14th to 22nd, 2026, the US Nasdaq Index rose 1.5%, the S&P 500 Index rose 1.1%, the Nikkei 225 Index fell 0.2%, and the South Korean Composite Index rose 5.5%. Chinese assets were generally stable, the Nasdaq Golden Dragon Index fell 0.6%, and the Hong Kong stock market showed a "first - down - then - up" trend [6] - Before the festival, the A - share market adjusted significantly due to rising risk - aversion sentiment. After the festival, it is likely to have a restorative rebound [6][7] Price and Volume Data of Stock Index Futures | Variety | Closing Price | Change from Previous Value | Variety | Closing Price | Change from Previous Value | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | (bp or %) | | | (bp or %) | | DRO01 | 1.31 | 4.76 (bp) | DR007 | 1.32 | - 10.48 (bp) | | GC001 | 1.47 | 19.50 (bp) | GC007 | 1.48 | 8.50 (bp) | | SHBOR 3M | 1.58 | 0.10 (bp) | LPR 5 - year | 3.50 | 0.00 (bp) | | 1 - year Treasury Bond | 1.31 | 0.05 (bp) | 5 - year Treasury Bond | 1.54 | 0.53 (bp) | | 10 - year Treasury Bond | 1.80 | 0.81 (bp) | 10 - year US Treasury Bond | 4.08 | 0.00 (bp) | | CSI 300 | 4660 | - 1.25% | IF Current Month | 4643 | - 1.6% | | SSE 50 | 3034 | - 1.47% | IH Current Month | 3025 | - 1.9% | | CSI 500 | 8300 | - 1.47% | IC Current Month | 8283 | - 2.0% | | CSI 1000 | 8205 | - 1.32% | IM Current Month | 8200 | - 1.7% | | IF Trading Volume | 120319 | 75.0 | IF Open Interest | 291728 | 3.8 | | IH Trading Volume | 61205 | 84.8 | IH Open Interest | 110461 | 9.2 | | IC Trading Volume | 141906 | 24.5 | IC Open Interest | 298512 | 0.2 | | IM Trading Volume | 186228 | 19.8 | IM Open Interest | 379866 | - 1.1% [4][6] Stock Index Futures Premium and Discount Situation | Project | Current Month Contract | Next Month Contract | Current Quarter Contract | Next Quarter Contract | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | IF Premium/Discount | - 45.44% | 10.47% | 4.94% | 4.76% | | IH Premium/Discount | - 37.47% | 6.90% | 1.70% | 2.81% | | IC Premium/Discount | - 24.31% | 4.36% | 5.09% | 5.34% | | IM Premium/Discount | - 7.16% | 2.82% | 7.03% | 7.58% [8]

Core Viewpoint - The trend of "moving" household deposits is significant this year, with approximately 50 trillion yuan in time deposits maturing and current bank deposit rates dropping to over 1%, prompting a need for new investment choices [4][6][7] Group 1: Investment Opportunities - Public funds are seen as a favorable option for reallocating this substantial amount of capital, offering a variety of products suitable for different risk appetites [4][6] - Money market funds provide good liquidity but lower returns, while bond funds cater to those seeking stable returns, and higher-risk investors may consider mixed or equity funds to capitalize on market trends [4][5] - The shift towards public funds is driven by a growing demand for returns as low interest rates persist, making these funds a key vehicle for meeting household investment needs [4][6] Group 2: Asset Allocation Strategies - Investors are advised to focus on their risk tolerance when determining asset allocation, with higher risk tolerance allowing for a greater proportion of equity products [5][6] - Traditional depositors are encouraged to start with bond funds, which offer controlled risk and higher returns than bank deposits, as a gateway to capital markets [5][6] - Key indicators for selecting public products include matching risk-return characteristics, the historical performance of fund managers, and clarity of investment strategies [6] Group 3: Long-term Market Trends - The transition of household savings to capital markets is expected to accelerate in the coming years, becoming a significant driver of a "slow bull" or "long bull" market [6][7] - This trend reflects a profound change in the structure of household wealth allocation, with a shift towards products that provide better returns in a low-interest-rate environment [6][7] - The public fund industry faces both opportunities and responsibilities in managing investor expectations and fostering trust to ensure the stability of this transition [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - Gold prices are stabilizing above $5,000 as investors assess whether prices have bottomed out after a historic sell-off, despite a 10% decline since the record high in January [2] Group 1: Market Dynamics - Gold has experienced a significant drop, with the largest single-day decline since 2013, while silver faced its largest single-day drop on record [2] - Factors supporting the long-term rebound in gold prices include heightened geopolitical risks, continued central bank purchases, and low interest rates [2] - Many banks and asset management firms, including Deutsche Bank and Goldman Sachs, expect gold prices to recover due to these long-term demand drivers [3] Group 2: Price Predictions - BNP Paribas forecasts that gold prices could rise to $6,000 per ounce by the end of the year, driven by ongoing macroeconomic and geopolitical risks [2] - The gold-silver ratio has rebounded, although it remains below the average levels seen in the 1980s [2] Group 3: Central Bank Activity - Central bank purchases continue to support gold's outlook, with Poland announcing an additional purchase of 150 tons last month, and China extending its gold buying streak to 15 months [2] - Gold ETF inflows have remained stable, with a brief decline during a recent pullback, followed by a recovery [2] Group 4: Silver Market Trends - Silver has experienced extreme volatility driven by strong physical demand in Asia, but signs of weakness are emerging in the physical market as supply flows into Europe and Asia [3] - The upcoming Lunar New Year holiday may further suppress domestic demand for silver in China [3]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided 2. Core Viewpoints - In the short term, it is expected that stock index futures will fluctuate strongly before the Spring Festival, accumulating strength for further upward movement [6] - In the long run, in the context of low - interest rates and an "asset shortage", domestic market funds are generally abundant, and the economy is in the process of bottom - building. The medium - to - long - term upward trend of stock indices is expected to continue [6] - The strategy is to continue to hold long positions in stock indices for the medium - to - long - term [6] 3. Summary by Related Catalog 3.1 Macro - financial Market Review - The central bank conducted 113 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations yesterday at an operating rate of 1.40%. With 75 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing, the net investment on the day was 38 billion yuan [4] - This week, 405.5 billion yuan of reverse repurchases will mature in the central bank's open market, and 500 billion yuan of 182 - day repurchase - style reverse repurchases will also mature on Friday [4] 3.2 Interest Rate Market | Variety | Closing Price | Change from Previous Value (bp) | | --- | --- | --- | | DRO01 | 1.27 | - 0.24 | | DR007 | 1.54 | 7.68 | | GC001 | 1.57 | 28.50 | | GC007 | 1.66 | 6.00 | | SHBOR 3M | 1.58 | 0.00 | | LPR 5 - year | 3.50 | 0.00 | | 1 - year Treasury Bond | 1.31 | - 0.50 | | 5 - year Treasury Bond | 1.55 | - 0.75 | | 10 - year Treasury Bond | 1.79 | - 0.85 | | 10 - year US Treasury Bond | 1.00 | 0.00 | [4] 3.3 Stock Index Market - Yesterday, the CSI 300 rose 1.63% to 4719.1, the SSE 50 rose 1.45% to 3081.8, the CSI 500 rose 2.02% to 8311.3, and the CSI 1000 rose 2.26% to 8233.8 [5] - The trading volume of the Shanghai - Shenzhen - Beijing stock markets reached 2.27 trillion yuan, an increase of 106.7 billion yuan from the previous trading day. Most industry sectors rose, with only the mining and gas sectors falling [5] 3.4 Stock Index Futures Market | Variety | Closing Price | Change from Previous Day (%) | Volume Change (%) | Open Interest Change (%) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | CSI 300 | 4719 | 1.63 | - | - | | IF Current Month | 4723 | 1.8 | - 23.3 | - 1.9 | | SSE 50 | 3082 | 1.45 | - | - | | IH Current Month | 3084 | 1.5 | - 25.8 | - 5.2 | | CSI 500 | 8311 | 2.02 | - | - | | IC Current Month | 8322 | 2.2 | - 31.3 | - 3.7 | | CSI 1000 | 8234 | 2.26 | - | - | | IM Current Month | 8256 | 29 | - 23.0 | - 4.2 | [5] 3.5 Stock Index Futures Premium and Discount | Variety | Current Month Contract | Next Month Contract | Current Quarter Contract | Next Quarter Contract | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | IF Premium/Discount | - 2.49% | - 0.43% | 1.66% | 2.86% | | IH Premium/Discount | - 1.96% | - 0.67% | 0.25% | 1.80% | | IC Premium/Discount | - 4.28% | - 0.04% | 3.25% | 4.29% | | IM Premium/Discount | - 8.96% | 0.13% | 5.82% | 6.89% | [7]

Group 1: Interest Rate and Bond Market - DR001 closed at 1.28 with a -4.41bp change, DR007 at 1.46 with a -2.08bp change, GC001 at 1.29 with a -13.50bp change, GC007 at 1.60 with a 2.50bp change, SHBOR 3M at 1.58 with a -0.05bp change, LPR 5 - year at 3.50 with no change, 1 - year treasury at 1.32 with a 0.44bp change, 5 - year treasury at 1.56 with a -0.69bp change, 10 - year treasury at 1.81 with a -0.41bp change, and 10 - year US treasury at 4.22 with a 1.00bp change [4] - The central bank conducted 4055 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations and 6000 billion yuan of 14 - day reverse repurchase operations last week, with 3000 billion yuan of 14 - day reverse repurchase operations on Thursday and Friday respectively [4] - This week, 4055 billion yuan of reverse repurchases will mature in the central bank's open market, with 750 billion, 1055 billion, 750 billion, 1185 billion, and 315 billion yuan maturing from Monday to Friday respectively. Additionally, 5000 billion yuan of 182 - day repurchase - style reverse repurchases will mature on Friday [5] Group 2: Stock Index Market - The closing prices and changes of major stock indices and their corresponding futures contracts: CSI 300 closed at 4644 with a -0.57% change, IF current month at 4640 with a -%0.7 change; SSE 50 at 3038 with a -0.69% change, IH current month at 3037 with a -%0.9 change; CSI 500 at 8146 with no change and IC current month at 814 with a -0.%1 change; CSI 1000 at 8052 with a -0.20% change, IM current month at at 8027 with a -0.6% change [6] - The trading volume and open interest changes of stock index futures: IF trading volume was 118040 with a 1.8% change, IF open interest was at 29 with a -%1. change; IH trading volume was 55 with a 2. change, IH open interest was at 109 with a 0. change; IC trading volume was 19 with no change, IC open interest was at 31 with a -%2. change; IM trading volume was 24 with a 4. change, IM open interest was at 40 with a 1. change [6] - Last week, CSI 300 fell 1.33% to 4643.6, SSE 50 fell 0.93% to 3037.9, CSI 500 fell 2.68% to 8146.4, and CSI 1000 fell 2.46% to 8051.6. A - share trading volume shrank significantly due to pre - holiday risk - aversion sentiment. The daily trading volumes last week were 26066 billion, 25656 billion, 25033 billion, 21943 billion, and 21635 billion yuan respectively, with the average daily trading volume decreasing by 6565.9 billion yuan compared to the previous week [6] - In the Shenwan primary industry index, food and beverage (4.3%), power equipment (2.2%), comprehensive (2%), transportation (1.9%), and banking (1.7%) led the gains last week, while non - ferrous metals (-8.5%), communication (-6.9%), electronics (-5.2%), steel (-3.3%), and computer (-3.3%) led the losses [6] Group 3: Market Outlook and Strategy - During the US stock earnings season, the performance of the AI industry chain is under test, and US stock volatility has increased. Chip giants like NVIDIA and AMD have seen continuous stock price adjustments, and internet giants like Google and Amazon have raised market concerns due to poor profit efficiency and under - expected performance [7] - Last week, the domestic news was relatively calm, the selling pace of broad - based ETFs slowed down, indicating a significant weakening of regulatory control. As the Spring Festival holiday approached, market risk - aversion sentiment increased, and the total A - share trading volume narrowed significantly to around 2.1 billion yuan. Overseas, the increased volatility of non - ferrous metals and US technology stocks has had a significant impact on domestic non - ferrous and technology sectors [7] - In the short term, after a volume - shrinking rebound, the stock index is expected to consolidate through oscillations to accumulate strength for further upward movement. In the long run, in the context of low interest rates and an "asset shortage", domestic market funds are generally abundant, and as the economy is in the process of bottom - building, the medium - to - long - term upward trend of the stock index is not expected to end. The strategy is that stock index pullbacks may be opportunities to enter long positions [7] Group 4: Stock Index Futures Premium and Discount - The premium and discount rates of IF, IH, IC, and IM futures contracts for different delivery months are provided, with specific values for the current month, next month, current quarter, and next quarter contracts [8]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints - Yesterday, the stock index was weakly volatile in the morning and rallied significantly in the afternoon, with the Shanghai 50 leading the gains driven by the coal and real estate sectors. The macro news was calm, precious metal prices rebounded, and market sentiment improved. In the short - term, it's necessary to focus on whether the panic caused by overseas liquidity tightening can be effectively alleviated. After the volume - shrinking rebound, the stock index is expected to consolidate through oscillations. In the long - run, in the context of low interest rates and "asset shortage", domestic market funds are generally abundant, and as the economy is in the bottom - building process, the medium - to - long - term upward trend of the stock index is not expected to end [6]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Interest Rates and Bond Market - Interest rates: DR001 closed at 1.32% with a 0.32bp increase; DR007 at 1.49% with a 0.57bp decrease; GC001 at 1.48% with a 12.50bp decrease; GC007 at 1.57% with a 3.50bp decrease; SHBOR 3M at 1.58% with a 0.13bp decrease; LPR 5 - year at 3.50% unchanged [3]. - Bond yields: 1 - year treasury bond at 1.30% with a 0.01bp decrease; 5 - year at 1.51% with a 0.25bp decrease; 10 - year at 1.81% with a 0.15bp increase; 10 - year US treasury bond at 4.28% with a 1.00bp decrease [3]. - Central bank operations: The central bank conducted 750 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at an interest rate of 1.40% yesterday. With 3775 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing, the net withdrawal was 3025 billion yuan. This week, 17615 billion yuan of reverse repurchases will mature, and 7000 billion yuan of 91 - day repurchase - style reverse repurchases will mature on Wednesday [3]. 3.2 Stock Index Futures and Stock Market - Stock index futures prices: IF当月 closed at 4699 with a 0.9% increase; IH当月 at 3072 with a 1.3% increase; IC当月 at 8321 with a 0.3% increase; IM当月 at 8230 with a 0.2% increase [3][5][10]. - Stock index prices: The CSI 300 rose 0.83% to 4698.7; the SSE 50 rose 1.14% to 3069.2; the CSI 500 rose 0.15% to 8299.1; the CSI 1000 fell 0.02% to 8207.1 [5]. - Trading volume and open interest: IF volume decreased by 21.8%, open interest by 5.6%; IH volume by 17.5%, open interest by 6.9%; IC volume by 18.1%, open interest by 2.9%; IM volume by 11.4%, open interest by 0.5% [5][10]. - Market turnover: The trading volume of the Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Beijing stock markets was 2.5 trillion yuan, a decrease of 623 billion yuan from the previous day [5]. - Industry performance: Most industry sectors rose. The coal, photovoltaic equipment, airport, glass fiber, mining, and real estate development sectors led the gains, while the precious metal, cultural media, gaming, internet service, and semiconductor sectors led the losses [5]. 3.3 Stock Index Futures Basis - IF basis: - 0.06% for the current - month contract, 0.90% for the next - month contract, 1.94% for the current - quarter contract, 3.01% for the next - quarter contract [7]. - IH basis: - 1.75% for the current - month contract, - 0.69% for the next - month contract, 0.30% for the current - quarter contract, 1.71% for the next - quarter contract [7]. - IC basis: - 6.03% for the current - month contract, - 1.45% for the next - month contract, 2.71% for the current - quarter contract, 3.78% for the next - quarter contract [7]. - IM basis: - 6.36% for the current - month contract, 0.38% for the next - month contract, 5.33% for the current - quarter contract, 6.27% for the next - quarter contract [7].

Group 1: Current Trends in Financial Assets - "Deposit migration" is a hot topic as residents shift funds from traditional savings to diversified financial assets due to declining deposit rates and increasing wealth management awareness[1] - In comparison to the US, Japan, Germany, the UK, and South Korea, cash and deposits account for over 30% of residents' financial assets in most countries, with Japan and South Korea around 50%[3] - By 2030, it is projected that Chinese residents' holdings of cash and deposits, stocks and equity, funds, insurance, and bonds will grow by 42%, 43%, 22%, 61%, and 16% respectively compared to 2025 estimates[3] Group 2: Factors Influencing Asset Allocation - The proportion of equity assets is generally positively correlated with per capita GDP, with China's current equity asset share at 31%[3] - Aging populations increase the share of low-risk assets, as older individuals tend to prefer safer investments[3] - Low interest rates encourage residents to seek higher returns, leading to increased risk asset allocation, though the exact path remains uncertain[3] Group 3: International Comparisons and Predictions - China's financial asset structure is expected to align more closely with the Japanese and German models rather than the Anglo-American model, emphasizing lower risk preferences[3] - China's overseas financial asset holdings have significant growth potential, with current levels being over five times lower than those in developed countries[3] - The financial deepening process in China may slow down, with financial asset growth converging towards GDP growth rates due to various economic factors[3]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not mentioned in the provided content 2. Core View of the Report - In the context of expected tightening of overseas liquidity, the US dollar index rebounded significantly. Yesterday, all non - ferrous varieties in the domestic commodity market hit the daily limit down, triggering an overall adjustment of risk assets. The stock index dropped significantly due to the linkage between commodities and the stock market and concerns about overseas liquidity tightening [6]. - The current A - share market is dominated by capital and policy. About 70 billion yuan flowed out of broad - based ETFs from January 15th to 27th, presumably due to Central Huijin's reduction to cool the market. The redemption of broad - based ETFs weakened last Thursday and Friday. In the short term, the policy is expected to take flexible measures to support the market. In the long run, the medium - to - long - term upward trend of the stock index is not expected to end [6]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Macro Financial Data - **Interest Rates**: DR001 closed at 1.36 with a 3.65bp increase; DR007 at 1.49 with a - 10.20bp change; GC001 at 1.78 with a 17.50bp increase; GC007 at 1.64 with a 3.00bp increase; SHBOR 3M at 1.59 with a - 0.01bp change; LPR 5 - year at 3.50 with no change; 1 - year treasury at 1.30 with a 0.50bp increase; 5 - year treasury at 1.57 with a - 0.10bp change; 10 - year treasury at 1.81 with a 0.10bp increase; 10 - year US treasury at 4.26 with a 2.00bp increase [3]. - **Central Bank Operations**: The central bank conducted 75 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations yesterday at an operating rate of 1.40%. With 150.5 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing, the net withdrawal was 75.5 billion yuan. This week, 1.7615 trillion yuan of reverse repurchases are due to mature, and 700 billion yuan of 91 - day repurchase - style reverse repurchases will mature on Wednesday [3][4]. 3.2 Stock Index Market - **Index Performance**: The Shanghai Composite Index fell to 4016, the CSI 300 dropped 2.13% to 4606, the SSE 50 declined 2.07% to 3003, the CSI 500 decreased 3.98% to 8037, and the CSI 1000 fell 3.39% to 7975. The decline of stock index futures was greater than that of the underlying indexes, and the discount widened, indicating a rapid cooling of market sentiment. The trading volume of the three major stock exchanges in Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Beijing was 2.6069 trillion yuan, a decrease of 255.8 billion yuan from the previous trading day. Most industry sectors fell, with only power grid equipment and the brewing industry rising [5]. - **Futures Performance**: The trading volume of IF increased by 6.8% to 191,408, and the open interest decreased by 5.6% to 313,881; IH trading volume rose 15.9% to 89,283, and open interest decreased by 2.5% to 119,304; IC trading volume increased 16.4% to 289,004, and open interest decreased by 5.9% to 328,769; IM trading volume rose 11.3% to 307,100, and open interest increased by 1.3% to 414,250 [5]. - **Premium and Discount**: The report provides the premium and discount rates for different contracts of IF, IH, IC, and IM [7].