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原标题：三问"太空快递员"新差事 据中国载人航天工程办公室消息，2025年7月15日5时34分，天舟九号货运飞船搭乘长征七号遥十运 载火箭，从我国文昌航天发射场点火发射，于8时52分成功对接于空间站天和核心舱后向端口。 天舟九号飞船顺利完成与中国空间站的全自主交会对接，这是我国继天舟七号、八号飞船之后实施 的第三次3小时交会对接任务，实现该模式"升级"为货运飞船标准交会对接模式后的常态化实施。整个 交会对接过程由中国航天科技集团五院研制的GNC（制导导航与控制）系统控制完成。 在交会对接方面，我国先后在轨验证和实施了2天方案、6.5小时方案、2小时方案和3小时方案。天 舟九号飞船采用的3小时交会对接模式，是后续一段时间内天舟系列任务的常规操作模式。该模式在时 间上优于6.5小时模式，相较于2小时模式，其相关系统的条件要求更为宽松。3小时模式不仅降低了对 火箭入轨条件、测控精度、敏感器及导航精度、制导控制精度等方面要求，还增强了任务可靠性。 天舟九号是空间站应用与发展阶段组批生产的第4艘货运飞船，承担着为神舟二十号和神舟二十一 号乘组运送物资的任务。交会对接完成后，天舟九号飞船将转入组合体飞行段，神舟二十号航天 ...

美国总统特朗普在当地时间周二表示，很可能在本月底前对进口药品加征关税，半导体关税也将同步推 进，这些措施或与8月1日实施的全面"对等"关税同时生效。 "大概本月底就会启动，我们先设定较低税率，给制药公司一年左右时间回迁生产，之后会大幅提高关 税。"特朗普在参加匹兹堡人工智能峰会后返程途中对记者表示。 特朗普周二预测在8月1日对等关税生效前，还可能达成"两到三个"贸易协议，其中与印度的协议可能性 最大。 他透露美国正与五六个国家进行实质性磋商，但强调不一定会达成完整协议："可以说印度最有可能， 但总体而言我对通知函的效果非常满意。" 对于未获得定制税率的小型经济体，特朗普表示可能统一征收"略高于10%"的标准关税。 周二稍早，面临30%关税的欧盟已确定本周与美国谈判代表会晤。 他同时透露半导体关税的时间表"与此类似"，且芯片征税"操作更简单"，但未提供具体细节。 在本月早些时候的内阁会议上，特朗普曾宣布计划未来数周对铜征收50%关税，并预计药品关税最终将 高达200%。根据1962年《贸易扩展法》第232条款，政府已启动药品进口威胁国家安全的调查。 这项政策将立即冲击礼来公司（Eli Lilly & Co.）、 ...

Group 1 - Elon Musk announced the formation of a new political party called the "American Party" to challenge the existing two-party system in the U.S. [1][8] - This marks Musk's second high-profile political attempt in 2023, following a brief tenure as the head of the efficiency department under the Trump administration [1][6]. - Musk's political ambitions are seen as a significant shift from his focus on technology and business, raising questions about the feasibility of his political endeavors [5][10]. Group 2 - Musk's political involvement has included substantial financial contributions to various political figures, including $2.5 million to the Republican National Committee and $2.59 billion to support Trump [6][10]. - His recent support for Trump has shifted to a more confrontational stance, particularly after the passage of a significant spending bill that Musk opposes [8][10]. - The "American Party" aims to represent the "middle 80%" of voters, but its ability to create a cohesive political force remains uncertain [11][12]. Group 3 - Establishing a new political party in the U.S. faces significant legal and logistical challenges, including complex registration processes across different states [11][12]. - Historical precedents show that third-party candidates often struggle to gain traction in the U.S. political landscape, as evidenced by past attempts that failed to secure significant electoral success [12][16]. - Musk's wealth may provide some advantages, but the inherent obstacles of the two-party system could limit the effectiveness of the "American Party" [12][16]. Group 4 - Analysts suggest that Musk's "American Party" could disrupt the Republican Party's electoral base, particularly in the upcoming 2026 midterm elections [15][16]. - The potential for backlash from the Republican establishment is significant, as Musk's political activities may threaten their control in Congress [15][16]. - The future of the "American Party" and Musk's commitment to it remain uncertain, with questions about whether he can maintain focus amidst ongoing political challenges [18][19].

Core Points - The successful launch of the Tianzhou-9 cargo spacecraft using the Long March 7 rocket marks a significant achievement in China's space station supply missions [1][3] - Tianzhou-9 set a new record for cargo weight, carrying approximately 6.5 tons of supplies, including materials for astronauts, space station systems, and various scientific experiments [3][5] - The mission demonstrated enhanced emergency launch capabilities, with Tianzhou-9 being prepared for a three-month emergency launch window [3][4] Launch and Docking - The Long March 7 rocket completed its 10th flight, while the Tianzhou-9 mission achieved a rapid autonomous docking with the Chinese space station in just three hours [3][4] - This three-hour docking mode has become a standard for cargo spacecraft, improving reliability and reducing the requirements for launch conditions and precision [4] Scientific Experiments - The mission included 23 scientific experiments across various fields, such as life sciences, material sciences, and fluid dynamics, with a total of 776.5 kilograms of experimental materials sent to the space station [5][6] - Key experiments focus on the effects of microgravity on human cells and materials, aiming to enhance understanding of physiological and pathological processes [5][6][9] Equipment and Supplies - Tianzhou-9 delivered new equipment, including two sets of upgraded extravehicular suits, which will extend their operational lifespan from 3 years and 15 missions to 4 years and 20 missions [7][8] - The mission also included new exercise equipment designed to prevent muscle atrophy in astronauts during long-duration space missions [7][8] Food and Nutrition - The variety of space food has been expanded, adding nearly 30 new dishes, bringing the total to over 190 types, and extending the flight food cycle from 7 days to 10 days [9]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights a significant trade agreement between the United States and Indonesia, where Indonesia commits to purchasing $15 billion worth of U.S. energy products, $4.5 billion in agricultural products, and 50 Boeing aircraft, while imposing a 19% tariff on all goods exported to the U.S. [2] - The agreement marks Indonesia's first full market opening to U.S. farmers, ranchers, and fishermen, allowing them to access the Indonesian market completely [2] - Similar trade agreements are reportedly in progress with other countries, indicating a broader strategy by the U.S. administration [3] Group 2 - Prior announcements from President Trump indicated that starting August 1, 2025, the U.S. would impose tariffs on imports from several countries, including a 32% tariff on Indonesian products and varying tariffs on products from Bosnia, Bangladesh, Serbia, Cambodia, Thailand, and Tunisia [4] - Canadian Prime Minister Carney expressed skepticism about the U.S. willingness to reach trade agreements without imposing tariffs, suggesting that most countries may have to accept some level of baseline tariffs [5] - The European Union is preparing for potential trade retaliation against the U.S., with significant focus on the aerospace sector, particularly targeting Boeing, if negotiations fail [8]

Core Insights - The Parker Solar Probe has successfully completed another close flyby of the Sun, reaching a distance of approximately 6.2 million kilometers from the solar surface, and traveling at a speed of about 687,000 kilometers per hour, setting new distance records since late last year [1][3] - The probe aims to gather data on the solar atmosphere and solar wind, addressing scientific questions regarding the high temperature of the corona, the acceleration of solar wind, and the origins of high-energy solar particles [2][4] Group 1: Parker Solar Probe's Mission and Achievements - Since its launch in August 2018, the Parker Solar Probe has conducted 24 close flybys of the Sun, leading to significant discoveries such as the magnetic field reversal structure of solar wind and the confirmation of a dust-free zone near the Sun [3] - The probe is equipped with four advanced instruments designed to measure various physical parameters of solar wind and capture images of solar disturbances, ensuring its functionality under extreme solar radiation through a specially designed thermal protection system [2][3] Group 2: Solar Activity and Its Implications - The Sun exhibits an approximately 11-year cycle of activity, currently in its 25th solar cycle, characterized by an increase in sunspot numbers and complex magnetic structures, leading to frequent solar flares and coronal mass ejections that significantly impact the Earth's space environment [3][4] - Other international missions, including the European Solar Orbiter and China's Kuafu-1 and Xihe satellites, are also observing solar activity to enhance understanding of solar phenomena and improve predictive capabilities regarding solar storms, which can affect critical infrastructure on Earth [4]

Core Viewpoint - The successful launch of the Tianzhou-9 cargo spacecraft by the Long March 7 Yao-10 rocket marks a significant advancement in China's space station logistics, enhancing the capabilities for transporting supplies and conducting scientific experiments in space [2][3]. Group 1: Launch and Mission Details - The Tianzhou-9 spacecraft was launched on July 15, 2025, carrying approximately 6.5 tons of supplies, including materials for astronauts and various experimental samples [2]. - The spacecraft successfully docked with the Tianhe core module of the Chinese space station, demonstrating improved emergency launch capabilities with a three-month readiness for emergency missions [2][3]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The Tianzhou-9 employs a rapid rendezvous and docking mode, achieving a three-hour docking process that balances efficiency and reliability, integrating the advantages of previous docking methods [3]. - The spacecraft is equipped with advanced communication and control systems, including transponders and telemetry devices, ensuring accurate navigation and status monitoring during its mission [5][6]. Group 3: Scientific Contributions - The mission includes 23 scientific experiments across various fields such as space life sciences, material sciences, and microgravity fluid physics, aimed at understanding the effects of microgravity on biological processes [8][9]. - New equipment for core muscle training and a variety of space food, including nearly 30 new dishes, were sent to support astronaut health and nutrition during long missions [4][7]. Group 4: Future Implications - The successful execution of the Tianzhou-9 mission is expected to enhance the overall efficiency of supply missions to the Chinese space station, paving the way for future advancements in space exploration and technology [2][3].

Group 1 - The meeting highlighted the broad prospects and significant opportunities for the development of the private economy in the new era, emphasizing the importance of entrepreneurial spirit [1] - Wang Xingxing, CEO of Yushutech, noted that the company has achieved global leadership in high-performance quadruped and humanoid robots, with significant growth in shipments this year compared to last year [1] - Shandong Weiqiao Group has transformed from a small oilseed processing factory to a multinational enterprise with 100,000 employees, successfully relocating over 2 million tons of electrolytic aluminum capacity to Yunnan for a green transition [2] - Beijing Xinghe Power Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd. has completed 19 rocket launches, sending 81 satellites into space, and is capitalizing on the national policy opening up commercial aerospace to private enterprises [2] Group 2 - The current policies are supportive of the private economy, with unprecedented efforts in top-level design and implementation, leading to a brighter future for private enterprises [3] - Entrepreneurs emphasized the importance of integrating corporate development with national strategies and social responsibilities, advocating for innovation and sustainable development [4] - The commitment to nurturing talent and fostering innovation is seen as essential for the sustainable growth of enterprises, aligning business success with national prosperity and societal well-being [4]

企业家精神代际接力 除了人形机器人、商业航天这些前沿领域创业企业代表，与会的民营企业中，也不乏传统制造业企业 和"创二代"代表。 张波介绍，魏桥创业集团起源于山东的一家小型油棉加工厂，经过几十年发展，已经成长为一家拥有10 万名员工的综合性跨国企业，连续入选世界500强。魏桥集团主要业务聚焦纺织和铝业两大传统制造业 板块，目前也在积极向新能源、新材料、汽车轻量化等新兴领域延伸。 他提到，今年6月18日，证监会推出新政，在科创板设立科创成长层，把商业航天纳入第五套标准。"整 个商业航天创业者都感到欢欣鼓舞、特别振奋。"刘百奇说，民营企业在科技创新中发挥的作用越来越 大，商业航天领域有越来越多的民营企业加入，共同推动产业快速发展。 ● 本报记者 杨洁 7月15日，国新办举行"新征程上的奋斗者"中外记者见面会，杭州宇树科技股份有限公司创始人兼首席 执行官王兴兴、山东魏桥创业集团有限公司董事长张波、北京星河动力航天科技股份有限公司创始人兼 董事长刘百奇、内蒙古鄂尔多斯投资控股集团有限公司总裁王臻、九州通医药集团股份有限公司董事长 刘长云五位民营企业家代表出席，分享在各自领域的创新发展故事与时代体悟。 人形机器人应用会 ...