Core Viewpoint - The meeting held by the China Light Industry Federation on June 27 aims to enhance the standardization work in the light industry, summarize achievements during the 14th Five-Year Plan, and outline key tasks for the next phase to promote high-quality development in the industry [3][4]. Group 1: Achievements and Developments - The standardization work has significantly contributed to the transformation and upgrading of the light industry, meeting the growing needs of the people for a better life [4]. - The organizational structure has been improved, with 46 national professional standardization technical committees and 92 sub-committees established, involving 6,510 committee members [5]. - A total of 3,143 national standards and 3,748 industry standards are currently in effect, with over 1,100 group standards developed, including 60 recognized as typical cases for application and promotion by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology [6]. Group 2: Focus Areas for Future Work - The China Light Industry Federation plans to implement five key actions to enhance standardization, including optimizing the organizational structure, improving the standard system, leading with new quality standards, breaking through international standards, and empowering talent development [12][13][14][15][16]. - The goal is to develop over 500 new standards focusing on health, safety, digital intelligence, high-end manufacturing, and green low-carbon initiatives [14]. - The international standard conversion rate is targeted to remain above 85%, with key areas aiming for a conversion rate of 95% [15]. Group 3: Challenges and Recommendations - Despite achievements, challenges remain, such as uneven capability levels, lagging new quality standard supply, and a shortage of professional talent [11][17]. - Recommendations include enhancing the quality and efficiency of standard supply, optimizing internal management, and strengthening technical requirements to ensure safety and quality in the light industry [18].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for "anti-involution" measures in various industries due to increasing competition and supply-demand imbalances, particularly in the context of government policies aimed at fostering a more sustainable and efficient market environment [1][2][20]. Group 1: Reasons for Emphasizing "Anti-Involution" - The industrial sector in China is facing significant supply-demand imbalances, highlighted by a decline in capacity utilization and persistent negative growth in the Producer Price Index (PPI), which has been negative for 31 consecutive months as of April 2025 [2][8]. - Capacity utilization rates have dropped from 77.7% in Q3 2021 to 75.1% in Q1 2025, indicating underutilization of resources [2][8]. - Local governments are increasingly competing for investment, leading to "involution" in certain sectors, characterized by concentrated efforts in similar industries, aggressive policy competition, and a lack of sustainable project management mechanisms [2][14]. Group 2: Industries with Potential "Involution" Competition - The focus of the "anti-involution" policy is on four key industries: photovoltaic, e-commerce, automotive, and steel, with measures including industry regulations, anti-monopoly enforcement, and capacity adjustments [3][22]. - Based on data indicators, industries such as black metal smelting, electrical machinery, and non-metallic products are identified as having a high degree of "involution" competition due to low capacity utilization and negative PPI growth [4][24]. - Other industries potentially affected include coal mining, automotive manufacturing, chemical raw materials, and pharmaceutical manufacturing, which exhibit similar characteristics of "involution" [4][47]. Group 3: New Aspects of the Current "Anti-Involution" Measures - The current round of "anti-involution" emphasizes industry self-discipline and market mechanisms, contrasting with previous supply-side reforms that focused primarily on traditional heavy industries [5][49]. - There is a stronger emphasis on regional collaboration and technological upgrades, aiming to create a differentiated and complementary industrial development structure while promoting high-quality growth [6][49]. - The government aims to eliminate outdated capacity and improve inefficient production through targeted policies that leverage digital and green technologies [6][49].

21世纪经济报道记者王峰 北京报道国家统计局5月19日发布数据显示，1—4月份，全国城镇调查失业率 平均值为5.2%，与上年同期持平。4月份，全国城镇调查失业率为5.1%，比上月下降0.1个百分点。 5月19日，国家统计局新闻发言人、国民经济综合统计司司长付凌晖在国新办发布会上介绍，4月份国际 环境更趋复杂严峻，外部冲击影响加大，经济平稳运行难度增加，但经济顶住压力稳定增长，延续向新 向好态势。 反映到就业方面，付凌晖说，我国经济平稳增长，新动能成长壮大，支持重点群体就业创业等政策加力 实施，促进就业保持总体稳定。 就业总体稳定 4月份，我国就业数据发生了同比和环比走势分化的现象。 财通证券宏观首席分析师陈兴认为，从行业角度看，皮革制鞋、木材家具和纺织纺服行业的就业受影响 最大。但根据已有研究发现，出口对就业的影响较小，短期就业市场或仍将保持相对稳定。 今年以来，就业总体稳定。 付凌晖介绍，4月份，全国城镇调查失业率5.1%，比上月下降0.1个百分点，连续两个月在下降。从重点 群体看，农民工和青年人调查失业率有所下降。4月份，全国外来农业户籍劳动力城镇调查失业率 4.7%，比上月下降0.3个百分点；不含在校生 ...

Group 1: Impact of Tariffs on Employment - The total employment driven by exports in China is estimated to be around 120 million people, with exports contributing more significantly to the economy than to employment [1][4][9] - The additional tariffs imposed by the US on China are expected to reduce employment by approximately 0.9% to 1.4%, translating to a potential loss of between 6.684 million and 9.957 million jobs [1][9][12] - Industries most affected by the tariffs include leather and footwear, wood furniture, and textiles, which have high exposure to US revenue and low labor productivity [1][12][13] Group 2: Changes in Employment Environment - The overall employment absorption capacity in China is declining, with GDP growth slowing down leading to an increase in unemployment rates [2][15][18] - The shift from an external to an internal economic cycle is causing a reduction in employment opportunities, particularly in the primary and secondary industries, while the tertiary sector's growth remains slow [2][17][20] - The mismatch between supply and demand in the labor market is exacerbated by factors such as generational wealth transfer, educational mismatches, and a growing preference for stable jobs [2][34][36][37] Group 3: Policies to Stabilize Employment - Continued economic development is essential to create new job opportunities, particularly in the tertiary sector, which has significant potential for employment growth [3][44][46] - Reforming vocational and professional education systems is necessary to align educational outcomes with labor market needs and improve the quality of the workforce [3][48][50] - Enhancing information flow regarding job vacancies, especially in technical fields, is crucial to better match job seekers with available positions [3][50][53]