Group 1 - The traditional view suggests that individuals should adjust their investment strategy from stocks to bonds as they age, with a focus on capital preservation in retirement [5][6] - This conventional wisdom is challenged by recent research indicating that maintaining a high allocation to stocks throughout one's life may be more beneficial [8][9] - The study found that an optimal investment portfolio could consist of nearly 100% stocks, with a significant portion in international equities, while bonds could be minimized [9][10] Group 2 - The long-term returns on bonds are relatively low and susceptible to inflation, undermining the perceived safety of bonds over extended periods [10] - Surprisingly, a portfolio with nearly all stocks has a lower probability of running out of money in retirement compared to the traditional 60% stocks and 40% bonds strategy, with a bankruptcy probability of only 6.7% [10] - The research emphasizes that the real risk lies not in stock investments but in withdrawal strategies during market downturns, suggesting alternative methods for managing withdrawals to preserve capital [12][13] Group 3 - The study proposes that retirees should consider keeping several years' worth of living expenses in cash or money market funds to avoid selling stocks at a loss during market declines [12] - Dynamic withdrawal strategies, which adjust the amount withdrawn based on current asset values, can help sustain funds over the long term [12][13] - While the research presents a compelling case for a stock-heavy portfolio, it also highlights the importance of having a diversified investment approach to provide flexibility and security in extreme market conditions [14]

为了维持增长动力，华尔街已将目光投向散户投资者和高净值用户，视其为未来业务增长的核心引擎。 继先锋、资本和贝莱德之后，高盛也宣布入局个人财富市场，与美国资管公司普徕仕达成最高10亿美元 的战略投资协议，向散户和财富管理客户推广私人市场投资产品。 "凭借高盛在公开和私募市场数十年的领先创新经验，以及普徕仕在主动投资领域的专业知 识，客户可以满怀信心地投资于退休储蓄和财富创造的新机遇。" 普徕仕首席执行官Rob Sharps则认为，与高盛的合作将"建立在我们横跨公开和私募市场的广泛能力之 上，为客户提供释放私人资本潜力的能力"。 传统资管巨头与私募投资机构正在加速整合，争夺个人投资者这一新兴市场。 高盛周四宣布，已与美国资产管理公司普徕仕（T Rowe Price）达成最高10亿美元的战略投资协议，双 方将联手向散户和财富管理客户推广私人市场投资产品。 根据声明，高盛将在公开市场购买普徕仕的股票，预计持股比例最高可达3.5%，从而成为后者的最大 股东之一。两家机构计划向投资顾问提供目标日期基金和模型投资组合，这类产品将混合配置公开交易 的股票、债券以及非公开交易的私募市场资产。 消息公布后，市场反应积极。普徕仕股 ...

根据声明，高盛将在公开市场购买普徕仕的股票，预计持股比例最高可达3.5%，从而成为后者的最大 股东之一。两家机构计划向投资顾问提供目标日期基金和模型投资组合，这类产品将混合配置公开交易 的股票、债券以及非公开交易的私募市场资产。 消息公布后，市场反应积极。普徕仕股价在周四收盘时涨5.8%，高盛股价也同步上扬2.5%。 巨头联手，瞄准个人财富 高盛与普徕仕的合作，为华尔街如何将复杂的私募资产打包卖给个人投资者提供了新的范本。 传统资管巨头与私募投资机构正在加速整合，争夺个人投资者这一新兴市场。 高盛周四宣布，已与美国资产管理公司普徕仕（T Rowe Price）达成最高10亿美元的战略投资协议，双 方将联手向散户和财富管理客户推广私人市场投资产品。 各取所需，传统与另类的双向奔赴 这些合作背后，是各方明确的战略诉求。对于像普徕仕这样的传统主动管理型基金公司而言，转型迫在 眉睫。 过去五年来，由于投资者持续从主动管理基金转向成本更低的ETF和被动管理型债券基金，普徕仕面临 着客户大量赎回的压力，其股价在此期间（不计股息）下跌超过20%。与高盛的合作，为其提供了亟需 的新增长点。 而对于高盛这样的私募市场巨头，其传 ...

中金研究 2025年5月7日，中国证监会发布《推动公募基金高质量发展行动方案》，旨在落实新"国九条"关于"稳步推进公募基金改革、推动证券基金机构高质量 发展、支持中长期资金入市"的决策部署。《方案》中特别 强调对于基金产品的"长周期考核"以及重视投资者持有基金盈亏情况， 这就要求基金产品 在长周期具备一定的绝对收益能力。在此背景下，我们认为 侧重长期绝对收益的多资产产品重要性会有所提升。 因此，本文接下来的部分将首先描述 相对成熟的美国多资产产品市场概况，并在美国经验的基础上阐述我国多资产产品的现状及未来的可能发展路径。 点击小程序查看报告原文 Abstract 摘要 美国多资产指数发展历程较为漫长。 2006年美国政府通过Pension Protection Act（PPA），即《养老金保护法案》，将目标日期基金定为养老计划的默认 投资标的，相应的，对应的目标日期基金指数也随之出现，随后，伴随不同的市场环境陆续出现恒定比例型、风险平价型以及宏观轮动型多资产指数。 指数编制底层资产的不同及所用模型的差异往往导致风险收益指标表现的差异。整体看， 长期风险调整后收益表现较好的三只美国多资产指数为S&P MARC ...

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the strategic importance of pension finance in addressing the challenges of an aging population and its role in promoting high-quality social development [1][3][7] Group 1: Aging Population and Financial Industry Transformation - The aging population presents a systemic challenge and structural opportunity for the financial system, necessitating a "reconstruction of timeframes" [3][4] - Financial institutions need to shift focus from short-term performance to building capabilities for "absolute returns + long-term allocation," particularly increasing the allocation of alternative assets [3][4] - The current allocation of alternative assets in China's pension system is below 10%, significantly lower than the OECD average of around 20% [3] Group 2: Policy Directions and Institutional Development - Future pension finance policies in China will focus on "system construction, institutional support, and market incentives," aiming to create a multi-level, sustainable development framework [7] - The three-pillar pension system will be further improved, with attractive tax incentives and clearer regulatory guidance to enhance the development of enterprise annuities and personal pensions [7] - Policies will encourage long-term, diversified asset allocation of pension funds to support major national projects and the healthy development of pension-related industries [7] Group 3: International Models and Local Adaptation - Various international pension models provide valuable references for China, such as Japan's "medical and nursing combined community" model and the U.S. market-oriented model [5][6] - The "automatic enrollment" system in the UK can help expand personal pension coverage in China, while the "public-private partnership" model in Singapore can be adapted for smaller cities [5][6] Group 4: Financial Product Demand and Design - Current family demand for pension financial products focuses on stable long-term returns, flexible liquidity arrangements, and risk protection features [8][9] - To enhance the attractiveness of pension financial products, efforts should be made in product design, operational mechanisms, and user communication [9][10] Group 5: Opportunities for Financial Institutions - Financial institutions possess professional investment management and risk control capabilities, enabling them to improve the long-term returns and stability of pension assets [10][11] - Institutions should leverage the benefits of the personal pension system to transform their operations, focusing on account management, product innovation, and financial education [12][13]

Core Insights - There is a record proportion of stocks in 401(k) accounts across almost all age groups of American workers, driven by a prolonged market uptrend [1][6] - The average stock allocation in 401(k) accounts for those in their 30s reached 88% last year, up from 82% a decade ago, while for those in their 60s, it increased to 60% from 57% [1][3] - Target date funds are also seeing increased stock allocations, with the average stock allocation for new entrants reaching 92% by the end of 2024, compared to 85% in 2014 [6] Group 1 - The trend of increasing stock investments in 401(k) accounts is evident, with many investors opting for higher stock exposure due to attractive market returns [1][6] - Investors are currently favoring stocks over bonds or cash, as evidenced by the S&P 500 index's nearly 10% increase this year [1][6] - Some investors, like Eric Evans, have gone "ALL IN" on stocks, with 100% of their investments in equities, reflecting a growing risk tolerance among market participants [7][10] Group 2 - Despite concerns about high valuations based on price-to-earnings ratios, many investors remain committed to their stock holdings [8][9] - Historical trends show that Americans have increasingly relied on the stock market for retirement savings since the introduction of 401(k) plans in 1978 [9] - The belief in market recovery, supported by past interventions from the Federal Reserve or Congress, contributes to investor confidence in stock investments [9][10] Group 3 - Target date funds are shifting towards higher stock allocations, with the average stock allocation for those within five years of retirement reaching 55% in June, up from 50% in 2020 [11] - The rise of target date funds has encouraged younger investors to enter the market, often without actively choosing their stock exposure [11][12] - Asset management firms are increasingly adopting higher stock allocation strategies in target date funds to mitigate the risk of running out of funds in retirement [12][13]

Key Insights - The report highlights three significant events in the global pension sector during the week, including the U.S. allowing 401(k) plans to invest in private equity, the University of California's decision to eliminate hedge fund allocations, and its consideration to increase investments in China [1][6][10]. Group 1: U.S. Pension Policy Changes - The U.S. government is set to allow 401(k) plans to invest in private equity, marking a major policy shift aimed at expanding retirement investment options for American workers [6][7]. - This policy change is expected to facilitate greater asset diversification for more Americans, potentially leading to wealth accumulation and successful retirements [6][7]. - Financial institutions are already preparing to launch retirement products that include private market components, indicating a proactive approach to this policy change [6][7]. Group 2: University of California's Investment Strategy - The University of California announced it will no longer allocate funds to hedge funds starting July 1, 2025, reallocating those funds to public equities instead [1][6][9]. - The decision stems from a lack of effective hedging during market downturns over the past two decades, with the university's hedge fund holdings significantly reduced from $4.4 billion at the end of 2022 to $892 million by June 2025 [8][9]. - The university's new investment policy increases the allocation to public equities from 53% to 57%, while reducing private market investments from 30% to 25% [8][9]. Group 3: Increased Focus on China - The University of California is considering expanding its international investment opportunities, particularly in China, despite previous cautious stances due to geopolitical tensions [10]. - The university acknowledges that while the U.S. remains a leader in disruptive technologies, China is developing its own independent systems in artificial intelligence and economic growth [10]. - The recent tariff reduction agreement between the U.S. and China is seen as a new opportunity for investment in the Chinese market [10]. Group 4: Performance Metrics - The University of California's pension fund achieved a net return of 12.7% for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, driven by strong performance in the U.S. stock market [12]. - CalPERS reported a preliminary net investment return of 11.6% for the 2025 fiscal year, with total managed assets reaching approximately $556.2 billion [12][13]. - Public equities represented about 39% of CalPERS' total assets, yielding a return of 16.8%, which was the highest among asset classes [13][15].

Core Insights - BlackRock's asset management scale reached a record high of approximately 12.53 trillion USD, equivalent to about 89.70 trillion RMB, as of June 30, 2025, marking an 18% year-on-year growth that exceeded market expectations [1] Group 1: Financial Performance - In Q2 2025, BlackRock attracted a net inflow of 68 billion USD, a decrease of approximately 19% from the previous quarter's 84 billion USD [1] - The total asset growth in Q2 was 943.66 billion USD, reflecting an increase of 8.15% [1] - The growth was driven by net inflows, a rebound in global stock markets, and an increase in risk asset allocation due to expectations of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve [1] Group 2: Business Segments - The iShares segment, a core business for BlackRock, attracted 14 billion USD in net inflows during Q2, primarily from digital asset ETFs [1] - The Bitcoin ETF, IBIT, saw a net inflow of 14 billion USD, a 366% increase compared to the previous quarter's inflow of about 3 billion USD [1] Group 3: Market Trends - There was a surge in short-term risk aversion demand in Q2, leading to a net inflow of 22 billion USD into BlackRock's money market funds [2] - Fixed income ETFs experienced a net outflow of 4.66 billion USD during the same period, influenced by an unstable interest rate environment and stock market rebound [2] Group 4: Strategic Acquisitions - BlackRock completed several acquisitions in 2025, including the purchase of private data platform Preqin for approximately 3.2 billion USD, significantly contributing to the growth of its technology services revenue, which increased by 26.3% to 499 million USD in Q2 [4] - The acquisition of HPS Investment Partners and the completion of the acquisition of GIP also led to a significant expansion of BlackRock's alternative asset scale [4] Group 5: Fundraising Achievements - GIP's fifth flagship fund raised 25.2 billion USD, setting a record for private infrastructure fund fundraising [5] - BlackRock has developed customized target date funds that allocate assets between public and private markets, enhancing its diversified client base [5]

Core Viewpoint - The upcoming executive order by President Trump aims to facilitate the entry of private equity funds into the U.S. 401(k) retirement plans, which has raised concerns among participants about the potential unequal access to investment products [1][5]. Group 1: Executive Order and Regulatory Changes - President Trump is expected to sign an executive order directing the Department of Labor and the SEC to provide guidance for private equity funds to enter 401(k) plans [1]. - The SEC has previously indicated a desire to increase the share of private investment products in retirement plans, marking it as a priority for the upcoming year [1]. - The private equity industry has been lobbying for decades to penetrate the 401(k) market, which holds $12.4 trillion in assets as of the end of 2024 [3]. Group 2: Support and Opposition - Proponents argue that including private equity products in retirement plans can enhance diversification and improve returns, especially as traditional investment options become saturated [4]. - Critics, including Senator Elizabeth Warren, express concerns about the lack of investor protection, transparency, and high management fees associated with private equity products [4]. - Many employers are hesitant to include private equity in their 401(k) plans due to valuation difficulties, longer lock-up periods, and higher fees [4]. Group 3: Legal and Regulatory Environment - The Defined Contribution Alternatives Association aims to reform regulations to make it harder for lawsuits against retirement plan providers that include private equity products [5]. - A recent court ruling favored Intel in a lawsuit regarding high-cost private equity products in its 401(k) plan, suggesting a potential shift in the legal landscape for private equity inclusion [5]. - Concerns remain about whether the executive order will create a fair competitive environment, with fears that large institutional investors will have access to better products than smaller investors [6]. Group 4: Industry Response and Future Outlook - Major firms like Vanguard, BlackRock, and Empower are already planning to offer private equity products to 401(k) investors, indicating proactive industry positioning [6]. - There are calls for clearer "safe harbor" provisions to protect companies that decide to include private equity in their retirement plans from legal liabilities [6]. - Industry leaders emphasize the need for litigation reform and clearer guidelines to ensure the successful integration of private equity products into retirement plans [7].

Group 1 - The personal pension system, as the third pillar of China's pension security system, has been officially launched nationwide after two years of pilot programs in 36 cities [2] - Financial institutions are encouraged to develop a diverse range of pension products that cater to different risk preferences and manage the entire lifecycle of individuals [2][5] - There is a need for financial institutions to align their product offerings with the needs of low- and middle-income groups to enhance participation in the personal pension system [3][5] Group 2 - The current personal pension products are facing issues of homogeneity, with a predominance of short-term products and a lack of long-term options [2][5] - To improve participation rates, it is suggested that tax incentives be strengthened and diversified incentive mechanisms be explored, such as government matching and subsidies [3][5] - Financial institutions should actively engage with regulatory requirements to ensure the safety and long-term responsibility of pension products [3][6] Group 3 - There is a call for the development of investment products that are suitable for pension funds, emphasizing the importance of long-term, value-based, and responsible investment strategies [6][7] - The industry is encouraged to invest in national infrastructure projects and innovative sectors, such as renewable energy and technology, to align with national strategic goals [7] - The issuance of long-term pension-specific bonds is recommended to meet the needs of the insurance sector and enhance the stability of pension fund investments [6][7]