《实施意见》指出，依托深圳相对完善的碳交易制度基础，要求认购和核销碳汇产品应在正规碳市 场交易平台进行，确保认购对象的合规性、真实性以及核销结果的有效性。 深圳市中级人民法院相关负责人表示，下一步，该院将认真落实"林长＋森林法官"等协作机制，依 法妥善审理各类涉碳纠纷，进一步强化生态环境资源行政执法与司法协同治理，协同推进降碳减污扩绿 增长，为探索具有深圳特色的超大城市碳达峰路径提供有力司法服务和法治保障。 近日，广东省深圳市中级人民法院、深圳市人民检察院、深圳市生态环境局、深圳市规划和自然资 源局等多个部门联合印发《关于适用认购碳汇履责方式的实施意见（试行）》（以下简称《实施意 见》）。 《实施意见》指出，坚持生态修复优先原则，对于在相关环境资源案件中积极引导责任人通过自愿 认购碳汇方式替代履行生态环境修复责任和赔偿责任，提出规范要求和流程指引，推动提升生态环境资 源案件执法司法水平，更好服务保障积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和。 《实施意见》强调，生态修复以原地同质直接修复为原则，确实无法直接修复的，应优先选择实现 生态环境及其服务功能等量恢复的替代性修复方式，同时明确认购碳汇履责方式适用于生态环境损害后 果与" ...

Core Insights - The transformation of Anji from a "stone economy" to a green economy has led to significant ecological and economic benefits, showcasing the effectiveness of the "Two Mountains" theory [4][5][11] - Anji has become a hub for coffee culture, with a high number of coffee shops and substantial sales, indicating a shift towards tourism and sustainable practices [3][9] Group 1: Environmental Transformation - Anji has eliminated over 70 high-pollution mining and cement factories, replacing them with eco-friendly facilities that attract over 1.2 million tourists annually, generating an ecological value of over 35 million yuan per year [3] - The carbon sequestration capacity of bamboo forests in Anji has increased to 6.6 tons per hectare, providing bamboo farmers with annual income from carbon credits exceeding 28 million yuan [7] - Water quality in local streams has improved significantly, with the overall water quality rating rising from Class IV to Class II, contributing to summer tourism revenues exceeding 200 million yuan [9] Group 2: Economic Impact - The annual total value of ecological products in Anji has reached over 91 billion yuan, reflecting the successful transition to a green economy [11] - The former limestone mining area has been transformed into an ecological resort, with coffee sales reaching over 8,000 cups per day, equivalent to nearly a year's income from mining activities [9]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the transformative impact of the "Two Mountains" theory on ecological civilization and economic development in China, highlighting significant advancements in environmental protection and green economic growth since its inception in 2005 [2][10]. Group 1: Ecological Transformation in Anji - Anji has seen a remarkable increase in carbon sequestration, with bamboo forests now absorbing 6.6 tons of carbon per hectare, generating over 28 million yuan annually for local bamboo farmers [6]. - Water quality in local streams has improved significantly, with pollution levels dropping from class IV to class II, leading to over 200 million yuan in summer tourism revenue [8]. - The shift from a "stone economy" to a "green economy" has resulted in a dramatic increase in GDP from 8.896 billion yuan to 67.557 billion yuan [12]. Group 2: Broader Impacts of Ecological Initiatives - The restoration of degraded areas, such as the Helan Mountain region, has transformed them into major agricultural zones, significantly increasing income for local farmers [16]. - In Hunan, rice farmers have adapted their practices to support local wildlife, resulting in higher market prices for their products, with some earning an additional 200,000 to 300,000 yuan annually [18]. - The development of forest economies in Fujian has led to over 100 million yuan in annual revenue from wild medicinal herbs and tourism [20]. Group 3: National Ecological Product Value Mechanism - The implementation of the national ecological product value realization mechanism in 12 regions has created over 1 trillion yuan in market vitality through eco-tourism [22]. - The article concludes that the practice of "green water and green mountains are invaluable assets" is continuously evolving, contributing to the well-being of the population and the economy [22].

Group 1 - "China Green Port" is located in Linping District, Hangzhou, serving as a bridgehead for integration into the Yangtze River Delta, with key industries including wind power equipment and energy-efficient equipment, and a focus on future industries like solid-state batteries [1] - The construction of the "China Green Port" has led to the implementation of seven green low-carbon projects, including the VOCs waste gas treatment project by Jili Insulation Materials, and three projects selected as top ten low-carbon application scenarios in Hangzhou [1][2] - The zero-carbon demonstration park at the Cocoon SPACE industrial park is the first private low-carbon industrial demonstration park in Zhejiang, featuring a model that combines distributed photovoltaics, energy-saving renovations, and carbon credit purchases [1][2] Group 2 - The Cocoon SPACE industrial park project is funded and managed by Hangzhou Jieneng Technology Company, with a payback period of approximately six years, generating sustainable cash flow without increasing the company's burden [2] - The project utilizes commonly available technologies, making it replicable and adaptable for various industrial parks, showcasing a mixed-use model of office and production [2] - The zero-carbon industrial park is considered a minimal implementation unit for China's "3060" dual carbon goals, emphasizing the need for numerous zero-carbon parks to support the overall objectives [2] Group 3 - In 2024, the total output value of green energy enterprises in Linping District is projected to reach 53.182 billion yuan, with future goals to establish "China Green Port" as a new landmark for green energy industry in China and a new model for low-carbon applications in the Yangtze River Delta [3] - By 2030, the aim is to lead over 16 provincial-level R&D projects and establish more than 15 national-level green factories, with the green energy industrial ecosystem's output value exceeding 100 billion yuan [3]

Core Concept - The "Two Mountains" concept, which emphasizes the unity of ecological protection and economic development, has been pivotal in reshaping China's ecological civilization and promoting sustainable development practices across the nation [1][5][17]. Group 1: Historical Context and Development - The "Two Mountains" concept was first introduced by Xi Jinping in 2005 during a visit to Anji County, Zhejiang, highlighting the need for harmony between economic growth and environmental protection [3][4]. - Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party, this concept has fostered a broad consensus on ecological protection and green development, leading to significant changes in ecological civilization practices in China [5][18]. Group 2: Regional Initiatives and Achievements - Zhejiang Province has implemented five rounds of the "811" action plan, focusing on environmental protection and green development, resulting in substantial improvements in ecological conditions [3][8]. - By the end of 2022, Zhejiang established its first regional ecological product trading center, facilitating the trading of ecological resources and generating significant economic activity, with a total transaction amount of 13.101 billion yuan [3][14]. Group 3: Economic and Environmental Metrics - China's renewable energy generation capacity has surpassed that of coal, with a 21% year-on-year increase in new renewable energy installations in the first quarter of 2025, accounting for approximately 90% of new installations [4][23]. - In 2024, China's production of new energy vehicles is expected to exceed 10 million units, representing 65% of the global total, marking a decade of leadership in this sector [4][23]. Group 4: Global Contributions and Recognition - China's efforts in ecological civilization have been recognized globally, with significant contributions to sustainable development and environmental governance, positioning the country as a leader in global ecological initiatives [29][28]. - The "Two Mountains" concept has not only transformed China's development path but also offers a model for sustainable development that can be applied globally, addressing the challenges of environmental degradation [26][29].

Core Viewpoint - The carbon-inclusive mechanism is becoming an essential tool for public participation in carbon reduction, integrating into daily life and promoting a nationwide low-carbon lifestyle in China [1][2][6]. Group 1: Policy and Implementation - 27 provinces in China are actively promoting the carbon-inclusive mechanism as a key strategy for public carbon reduction, with related policies being issued [2][6]. - The carbon-inclusive mechanism quantifies the carbon reduction efforts of individuals, communities, and small enterprises, allowing them to offset their carbon emissions or participate in carbon trading [2][3]. - The mechanism is part of the broader "dual carbon" action and Beautiful China policy, with significant engagement from local governments [2][4]. Group 2: Innovative Practices - Various innovative practices are being implemented to enhance public participation, such as linking carbon credits to public transport and tourism in Harbin, which has achieved a daily carbon reduction of 764 tons [2][3]. - The "I donate 1kg of carbon for the Winter Olympics" initiative has successfully raised nearly 100,000 tons of carbon reduction through inter-city recognition of reduction efforts [2][3]. - Alipay's carbon-inclusive business has engaged 200 million participants in green travel and cultural consumption activities, demonstrating the potential for large-scale public involvement [3][4]. Group 3: Market Potential and Challenges - The carbon-inclusive mechanism shows significant market potential, but challenges remain in enhancing public awareness and participation in low-carbon behaviors [5][6]. - A report highlights the need for a well-structured policy framework to support the carbon-inclusive mechanism, emphasizing the importance of cross-departmental collaboration [6][7]. - The report suggests establishing an independent "carbon-inclusive market" to better facilitate the connection and economic benefits of the carbon-inclusive mechanism [8]. Group 4: Impact on Public Behavior - The carbon-inclusive platform has significantly increased the frequency and volume of carbon reduction actions among users, with "intervened users" reducing carbon emissions 2.58 times more than non-intervened users [7]. - Survey results indicate that 100% of respondents find the measurement features of the carbon-inclusive platform important for their low-carbon lifestyle [7]. - There is a positive correlation between income levels and participation in carbon reduction activities, with each 1 yuan increase in income leading to an increase in the number of participants and reduction actions [7].

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful integration of ecological conservation and industrial operations, specifically focusing on the carbon offset capabilities of a forest and its relationship with an oil storage facility [1][3][5] Group 1: Carbon Sequestration and Environmental Impact - The Shengda Ecological Forest Farm has 1.2 million white ash trees, each capable of absorbing 0.2 grams of CO2 annually, collectively forming a significant carbon sink [1][2] - The forest generates an annual carbon offset of 12,000 tons, which helps to neutralize the carbon emissions from the nearby Dongying oil depot [3] - The carbon-neutral certification achieved by the Dongying oil depot in October 2023 marks it as the first of its kind in China, having maintained carbon neutrality for two consecutive years [3] Group 2: Challenges and Mitigation Strategies - The forest faces increasing threats from wood-boring pests, prompting the implementation of various pest control measures, including tree topping and the introduction of pest-resistant tree species [3] - The forest has successfully transformed previously barren saline-alkali land into a thriving carbon-neutral area, accumulating a total of 159,800 tons of carbon sequestration, equivalent to reducing carbon emissions by 160 million kilowatt-hours [3] Group 3: Industry Transformation - The article illustrates the transition of traditional energy companies towards green and low-carbon practices, as evidenced by the carbon accounting associated with the oil depot's operations [5]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the "Two Mountains Cooperative" in Liu Xi Village, Anhui Province, has successfully transformed idle ecological resources into profitable agricultural and ecological projects, leading to significant income increases for local residents [1][2][3]. Group 1: Economic Development - Liu Xi Village has achieved an income increase of over 600,000 yuan through the integration of white tea, fragrant nuts, orchards, and ecological farming [1]. - The cooperative model allows villagers to consolidate fragmented land and resources, leading to improved infrastructure and professional management [1][2]. - The cooperative has issued 2,806 "Ecological Resource Benefit Rights Certificates," resulting in total farmer income of 6.7061 million yuan [3]. Group 2: Resource Management - The "Ecological Resource Benefit Rights Certificate" addresses the mismatch between villagers with resources and enterprises with capital, facilitating the transformation of ecological resource value [2][3]. - The cooperative's approach has led to the issuance of land rental payments totaling over 17,000 yuan for a 10-year period [2]. Group 3: Environmental Protection - The county emphasizes a sustainable development path that balances ecological resource development and protection [4]. - A novel approach to ecological damage compensation through carbon credit purchases has been implemented, enhancing the efficiency of ecological product value transformation [4][5]. - The county's forest coverage rate is nearly 70%, indicating a strong focus on ecological restoration and management [4]. Group 4: Policy and Recognition - Anhui Province's Jingde County has been recognized as a national ecological civilization construction demonstration area and a pioneer in the "Two Mountains" concept [5]. - The county's innovative practices in ecological resource benefit rights have been selected as a typical case by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration [5].

Core Viewpoint - The recent meeting emphasized the need to consolidate and expand poverty alleviation achievements while transitioning to normalized support, aiming to prevent large-scale poverty recurrence and enhance the endogenous motivation of impoverished areas through industrial support [1] Group 1: Industrial Support and Development - The main source of support industries comes from poverty alleviation industries, which have increasingly become the core of rural revitalization [1] - The rural per capita disposable income in 832 poverty-stricken counties increased from less than 4,000 yuan in 2012 to 17,522 yuan in 2024, significantly contributed by support industries [1] - Various regions have developed characteristic planting and breeding industries, agricultural product processing, and rural tourism, promoting employment and income growth through industrial chain extension [1] Group 2: Challenges in Industrial Support - Issues such as insufficient planning precision and misalignment of support projects with regional resources have led to inefficient investments [2] - The lack of a well-developed mechanism for technology specialists and inadequate digital infrastructure coverage hinder the cultivation of vocational farmers' skills [2] - There are challenges in ensuring contract fulfillment in order agriculture and a lack of shared risk mechanisms, making it difficult to sustainably enhance farmers' income [2] Group 3: Strategies for Improvement - Emphasizing the need for precise infrastructure adaptation, focusing on regional storage and cold chain logistics to enhance agricultural product circulation [2] - Establishing a dual selection mechanism for technology specialists and creating county-level talent hubs to facilitate the transformation of research into practical applications [3] - Implementing a sustainable benefit-sharing mechanism in ecological agriculture through transparent distribution frameworks and risk compensation agreements [3]