付英俊 海南自由贸易港建设是国家重大战略部署，是新时代中国改革开放的标志性工程。随着2025年12月18日 海南自由贸易港全岛封关运作的启动，海南正迎来前所未有的发展机遇。商业银行作为现代金融体系的 核心组成部分，在这一历史进程中承担着独特而重要的使命。面对"'一线'放开、'二线'管住"的特殊监 管制度、高度自由的贸易投资政策以及不断扩大的金融市场开放，商业银行必须重新审视自身定位，调 整发展战略，创新服务模式，才能在这场深刻的制度变革中把握先机，实现自身转型与区域发展的双 赢。 自贸港建设带来多维需求 商业银行需围绕海南自贸港建设需求调整战略定位，从传统信贷提供者向综合金融服务商转型，构 建"境内+境外""商行+投行""融资+融智"一体化服务模式，整合银行、证券、保险等多元金融工具，为 企业提供全生命周期、全产业链综合金融解决方案；同时从境内业务为主转向"在岸+离岸"协同发展， 既深耕在岸市场服务本地企业与居民，又积极布局离岸业务、搭建离岸金融服务能力，打通境内外两个 市场与两类资源。 此外，商业银行需从同质化竞争转向差异化特色化发展，结合自身资源禀赋与比较优势明确路径；还要 以客户为中心重构业务流程与服务 ...

Core Viewpoint - The global sustainable bond issuance is expected to exceed $2 trillion for the third consecutive year by 2026, driven by sovereign nations, supranational organizations, and government agencies [3][4]. Group 1: Sustainable Bond Issuance - The issuance of green bonds and social responsibility bonds is projected to remain dominant, supported by strong demand from impact investors [4]. - As of October this year, green bond issuance has increased by 3% year-on-year, with growth expected to be in the low to mid-single digits by 2026 [4]. - The largest single issuer, Gilead, continues to provide mortgage financing support for underserved communities, while supranational organizations are increasingly certifying bonds as social responsibility bonds [4]. Group 2: Bond Returns and Risks - As of October this year, the returns on global green, social, and sustainable corporate bonds exceeded 11%, higher than the mid-single-digit returns expected for 2025 [6]. - Sustainable bond spreads are narrower than investment-grade bonds, nearing historical lows, with potential risks if economic data remains weak and inflation stays moderate [6]. - The refinancing risk is limited, with an expected net supply of nearly $1 trillion in new sustainable bonds by 2026, despite a peak in debt maturity expected in 2028 [8]. Group 3: Thematic Sustainable Investments - Thematic fixed-income products are anticipated to continue expanding, driven by strong investor demand for targeted solutions addressing environmental and social issues [11]. - Specialized ESG products like blue bonds and debt-for-nature swaps are expected to contribute to growth, with $184 billion issued year-to-date, including 361 transactions related to ocean themes [11][13]. - Recent agreements, such as Indonesia's debt-for-nature deal, highlight the active nature of such transactions, although U.S. policy shifts may weaken support for these initiatives [11].

据悉，截至今年11月末，中国银行（601988）深圳市分行绿色贷款余额突破2000亿元，持续领跑深圳市 场。"十四五"期间，该行绿色债券累计承销量超330亿元，服务绿色企业超700家，绿色债券承销市场份 额稳居深圳市场首位，绿色金融向高质量发展迈进。 这家分行不仅是绿色金融业务创新的"先行者"，更是绿色金融规模增长的"领跑者"。 赋能发展，成为绿色金融服务首选银行 国家"十五五"规划建议提出，加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，建设美丽中国；广东"十五五"规划建议 也明确了稳步推进碳达峰碳中和、推动发展方式绿色转型等方向。推动发展方式绿色转型，中国银行深 圳市分行已形成一批可复制、可推广的案例，成为"绿色金融服务首选银行"。 位于深圳大梅沙的碳中和实验园区"生物圈三号"，这个建筑面积12万平方米的园区正在进行一场深刻的 绿色革命，通过建筑节能改造、可再生能源替代和碳资产开发，未来将实现运营期间碳中和。在中行 1000万元碳中和贷款支持下，该园区通过技术改造和运营优化，实现办公楼绿电占比85%，本地光伏消 纳率平均90%。 在新能源产业链的服务上，中国银行深圳市分行同样深度参与。比亚迪（002594）集团从成立之初就 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the People's Bank of China have jointly issued a notice to support the construction of green factories through green finance policies, focusing on R&D, industrial application, technological upgrades, and zero-carbon factory projects [1][2]. Group 1: Green Finance Support - The notice emphasizes the importance of using green factory evaluations as a reference for green finance, aiming to convert the "green content" into tangible benefits such as easier financing and lower costs [1]. - The notice specifies that support will be directed towards investment projects implementing green low-carbon technologies as outlined in the "Green Finance Support Project Directory (2025 Edition)" [1]. - Over 10,000 green low-carbon transformation projects have been implemented during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, with total investments exceeding 300 billion yuan, indicating a significant demand for green financing [2]. Group 2: Financial Mechanisms and Coordination - A full-process supply-demand matching mechanism has been established to connect financial resources with green factories, where the Ministry of Industry will relay financing needs to the People's Bank, which will then facilitate connections with financial institutions [2]. - The notice highlights the need for coordination to resolve financing bottlenecks reported by financial institutions, ensuring effective implementation of policies [2]. - The Ministry of Industry plans to revise the "Green Factory Evaluation Guidelines" by 2025 to create an objective evaluation mechanism that can be understood and utilized by financial institutions [2]. Group 3: Future Goals and Initiatives - The People's Bank aims to guide financial institutions to increase green credit issuance and innovate financing products such as carbon-neutral bonds and transition bonds [3]. - The Ministry of Industry has set a goal for the output value of green factories at national, provincial, and municipal levels to account for 40% by 2030, promoting the large-scale development of green manufacturing [3].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China emphasizes the significant growth of green loans and the implementation of supportive policies for green finance to facilitate the transition to a green economy [1][3]. Group 1: Green Loan Growth - Over the past five years, green loans have maintained a growth rate of over 20% [3]. - As of the end of Q3 2025, the balance of green loans reached 43.51 trillion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 22.9%, which is 16.4 percentage points higher than the growth rate of all loans [1][3]. Group 2: Policy Framework - The People's Bank of China has established a top-level design to enhance financial support for green low-carbon development and the construction of a beautiful China [1]. - A new "Green Finance Support Project Directory (2025 Edition)" has been released to standardize various green financial products, including loans, bonds, and insurance [1][3]. Group 3: Product and Market Development - Financial institutions are encouraged to increase green credit issuance and innovate products such as Environment-Oriented Development (EOD) loans and sustainability-linked loans [2][6]. - New financing channels for green projects have been developed, including carbon-neutral bonds, transition bonds, and blue bonds [2][6]. Group 4: Incentive Mechanisms - An 800 billion yuan carbon reduction support tool has been established to incentivize financial institutions to support key areas such as clean energy and carbon reduction technologies [2][6]. - A green finance assessment for financial institutions has been implemented, incorporating their performance in green loans, bonds, and product innovation into evaluation metrics [2][6]. Group 5: Achievements in Green Finance - The cumulative issuance of green bonds has reached 4.95 trillion yuan, with a balance of 2.29 trillion yuan, positioning China among the top globally [3][6]. - The carbon reduction support tool has facilitated the issuance of carbon reduction loans totaling 1.38 trillion yuan [3][6].

蓝碳市场交易机制有待完善 激活蓝碳经济价值，需以健全蓝碳产品交易机制、拓宽多元化蓝碳交易渠道为前提。盟浪可持续数字科 技（深圳）有限公司常务副总裁葛兴安表示，2020年以来在政策的推动下，我国蓝碳交易市场实现了跨 越式发展，在地方的探索中，蓝碳价值实现的模式也已经非常多元化，但同时蓝碳交易市场还存在一些 痛点，比如市场流动性不足，主要表现在交易规模偏小、参与主体较少且类型单一、定价机制缺乏以及 交易机制的不完善。 海南大学法学院教授张良福表示，蓝色金融作为一个新兴产业，我们与国际社会基本处于同一起跑线， 所以我们在标准规则制定中要积极创造中国实践，向世界推广或者引领相关领域规则制定。 当前一些地方和行业在推动蓝色经济发展与金融产品创新供给上已经形成不少有益探索。全国工商联新 能源商会秘书长曾少军表示，有的地方政府正在考虑发展风、光、渔、储、氢、碳多能互补的海洋牧 场，把蓝色经济与新能源结合在一起，既推动了传统渔业的转型升级，也为新能源产业提供了更为广阔 的应用场景。 新华财经广州12月11日电 12月9日-10日，2025明珠湾气候投融资大会在广州南沙明珠湾举行，在10日 举办的分会议上，与会专家围绕"激活蓝 ...

（文章来源：新华财经） "海洋经济的高质量发展离不开金融的支持。"张芳表示，目前已经有一些金融机构创新推出蓝色金融产 品，例如中国银行的蓝色债券、国家开发银行的海洋环境治理PPP项目、日照银行推出的"蓝色+可持续 发展挂钩"双标签贷款等。但同时张芳指出金融支持海洋经济发展尚存挑战，主要体现在：全国性蓝碳 及蓝色金融标准缺乏、风险评估难度高、产品适配性不足等多个方面。 张芳建议，适时制定全国性蓝色金融标准，明确蓝碳交易主体及标准，将更多符合要求的蓝碳纳入国家 核证自愿减排量，同时强化政策激励，充分利用货币政策工具，加强地方政策支持。此外丰富金融产品 供给，建立健全风险防控机制，比如研究建立海洋经济数据平台，整合产业、生态、气象等数据，为风 险定价提供支撑等。 新华财经广州12月10日电 12月9日-10日，2025明珠湾气候投融资大会在广州南沙明珠湾举行，在10日 举办的"向海图强——激活蓝碳动能助力海洋经济高质量发展"分会议上，北京绿色金融与可持续发展研 究院ESG投资研究中心副主任张芳发表了题为《创新金融产品助力海洋经济高质量发展》的主旨演讲。 张芳表示，我国海洋经济发展成效显著，2024年我国海洋生产总值 ...

Core Viewpoint - Guangdong Province has issued a plan to support industrial chain integration and mergers, emphasizing the importance of enhancing the quality of listed companies and promoting the integration of state-owned enterprises [1][2][3] Group 1: Policy Initiatives - The plan encourages the inclusion of mergers, asset revitalization, and other activities into the evaluation system for state-owned enterprises [2][3] - It promotes the use of various financing tools such as targeted placements, special convertible bonds, and merger loans by listed state-owned enterprises to facilitate industrial chain integration [1][2] - The plan supports the establishment of industrial merger funds by listed companies, focusing on key segments of the industrial chain [2][3] Group 2: Financing and Investment - The plan aims to broaden financing channels for enterprises, including support for technology companies to list on the ChiNext and Science and Technology Innovation Board [4] - It encourages the issuance of green bonds and other financial products to support enterprises in their strategic transformations and industrial upgrades [4][5] - The plan also promotes the establishment of government investment guidance funds and encourages social capital participation in various investment forms [4][5] Group 3: Focus Areas - The plan emphasizes the need to enhance the resilience and security of the industrial supply chain, particularly for state-owned enterprises [3][5] - It highlights the importance of supporting key core technology sectors such as chip manufacturing, industrial software, and high-end medical devices [5] - The plan encourages commercial banks to provide reasonable loan rates for qualified industrial chain integration projects, particularly in strategic industries [5]

Core Viewpoint - The Guangdong Provincial Financial Management Bureau has released an "Action Plan" to support enterprises in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in conducting industrial chain integration and mergers and acquisitions, aiming to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of these enterprises by optimizing their industrial chain layout and promoting transformation and upgrading [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Support for Mergers and Acquisitions - The plan encourages listed companies to utilize various payment tools such as shares, targeted convertible bonds, and cash for mergers and acquisitions, attracting more social capital and enhancing sustainable development capabilities [2][3]. - It emphasizes the establishment of industrial merger funds by listed companies, focusing on key links in the industrial chain, and enhancing collaboration among regulatory bodies to support significant integration projects [2][3]. Group 2: Strengthening State-Owned Enterprises - The plan explores incorporating mergers, asset revitalization, and other activities into the performance evaluation system for state-owned enterprises, promoting flexible use of financing tools like targeted placements and acquisition loans [3]. - It aims to enhance internal resource integration within state-owned enterprises and improve asset securitization levels through various methods such as asset restructuring and equity swaps [3]. Group 3: Capital Market Development - The plan proposes broadening direct financing channels in the capital market, supporting technology-driven enterprises to list on various boards, and encouraging companies listed in Hong Kong to also list on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange [5][4]. - It supports the issuance of green bonds and other sustainable financing products to facilitate the green transformation of enterprises [5]. Group 4: Cross-Border Integration - The plan encourages the establishment of cross-border merger funds with Hong Kong and Macao capital, optimizing mechanisms for qualified foreign and domestic limited partners to support integration projects [6]. - It promotes the use of RMB for cross-border mergers and acquisitions and supports banks in providing foreign exchange risk hedging products [6]. Group 5: Investment Fund System - The plan outlines the creation of a provincial government investment guidance fund system to support mergers and acquisitions, encouraging social capital participation in various investment funds [8]. - It highlights the importance of government investment funds in addressing key technological challenges and enhancing the self-sufficiency of critical core technologies in industries [8]. Group 6: Collaboration with Financial Institutions - The plan aims to attract more large financial institutions to establish investment companies and funds in Guangdong, enhancing the financing environment for enterprises [9]. - It emphasizes leveraging the strengths of large financial institutions to provide diverse financial products and services tailored to the needs of enterprises at different development stages [9].

Core Viewpoint - The Guangdong Provincial Financial Management Bureau and other departments have jointly issued a plan to support enterprises in conducting industrial chain integration and mergers, aiming to enhance sustainable development capabilities and optimize industrial chain layouts [1][2]. Summary by Sections Overall Requirements - The plan emphasizes a market-oriented, legal, and international approach to build a comprehensive financial support system for the development of a modern industrial system in Guangdong, focusing on enhancing collaboration among enterprises in the industrial chain [3]. Encouragement of Integration and Mergers - The plan supports the integration and mergers of industrial chains by providing policy guidance and financial services tailored to enterprises, aiming to strengthen the competitiveness of the industrial chain [4]. - It encourages listed companies to utilize various payment tools for mergers and attract more social capital to enhance sustainable development [4][5]. Support for State-Owned Enterprises - The plan explores incorporating mergers and asset revitalization into the performance evaluation of state-owned enterprises, promoting the use of various financing tools for industrial chain integration [5]. - It aims to enhance the internal resource integration of state-owned enterprises and improve asset securitization levels [5]. Cross-Border Integration and Mergers - The plan encourages the establishment of cross-border integration and merger funds with Hong Kong and Macau capital, optimizing mechanisms for qualified foreign and domestic limited partners [6]. Financing Channels - The plan promotes the expansion of direct financing channels in the capital market, supporting technology-driven enterprises to list on various boards and issue green bonds [6][7]. - It emphasizes the establishment of a comprehensive fund system to support industrial chain integration, focusing on key sectors like chip manufacturing and high-end medical devices [6][8]. Credit Support for Integration - The plan encourages commercial banks to provide tailored credit support for eligible industrial chain integration projects, particularly in strategic industries [7][8]. Collaboration with Financial Institutions - The plan aims to attract more large financial institutions to Guangdong, enhancing the investment environment and supporting industrial upgrades [9]. Policy Coordination and Mechanisms - The plan establishes a cross-departmental collaboration mechanism to guide enterprises in conducting industrial chain integration and address challenges encountered during the process [10]. Risk Prevention - The plan emphasizes the importance of legal compliance and risk prevention in the integration and merger processes, focusing on safeguarding the interests of all parties involved [11].