科技日报讯 （记者张梦然）一项发表在最新一期《自然》杂志上的研究，通过对生活在10200年前 至150年前的南非个体基因组进行分析，证实了在南部非洲，一群智人在半隔离的状态下生活了数十万 年。这是迄今规模最大的对非洲古代DNA的研究，部分相关研究揭秘了塑造人类这个物种的遗传适应 性变化。 此次由南非乌普萨拉大学和约翰内斯堡大学进行的这项新研究，分析了28名个体的基因组，这些个 体生活在10200年前至150年前的南部非洲。当团队将南非石器时代人群的基因组与世界其他地区现代及 史前人群的基因组进行比较时，发现南非的石器时代人群在基因上已经分离了至少20万年。直到大约 1400年前，才开始有来自东非和西非个体的基因流入该群体。 大部分被分析的人类遗骸，是在南非南海岸的马特耶斯河岩石庇护所发现的。团队鉴定出79个改变 基因功能的DNA变异，这些变异都是智人独有的，与尼安德特人、丹尼索瓦人、黑猩猩和大猩猩中发 现的基因变异不同。 团队特别注意到，其中有7个与肾功能相关的遗传变异。这些变异可能与人类独特的通过出汗降温 的能力有关，这需要良好的体液平衡控制能力。正是这些影响肾脏形态和功能的基因变化，赋予了人类 独特的液体 ...

（文章来源：科技日报） 在临床应用中，这款设备可实时监测脑卒中急性期缺血半暗带演变，为溶栓、取栓等血管再通治疗提供 精准决策依据，同时在术后持续预警继发性脑血管痉挛、脑水肿等风险；在重症监护室，针对颅脑创 伤、蛛网膜下腔出血等危重患者，可实现长期脑功能状态评估，指导精准治疗。 北京市卫生健康委员会药械处处长张龙表示，这一创新实践印证了"医工深度融合"的重要价值，只有聚 焦临床实际需求，才能让科技创新真正落地生根、惠及民生。 12月6日，记者获悉，中国脑卒中大会已在北京成功举办。大会以"做实基层防控规范指导减残"为主 题，由中华预防医学会、国家卫生健康委百万减残工程专家委员会等联合主办。大会现场，中国科学院 自动化研究所孵化的中科搏锐（北京）科技有限公司，携BRS-800系列无创全脑多通道脑氧监护仪亮 相，成为大会焦点。 相较于传统监测设备，BRS-800系列监护仪具有：独创多通道光学设计，可布设多个监测点，避免局部 监测盲区导致漏诊；实时生成脑血氧参数分布图，帮助医生快速定位脑组织缺氧或灌注异常区域；搭载 先进信号处理算法与定标技术，有效抑制生理噪声干扰。值得一提的是，使用该设备，全程无需穿刺、 无辐射，为患 ...

Core Insights - Changhong is transforming its traditional manufacturing core through an AI and data revolution, achieving a systematic leap from scale expansion to quality improvement with a revenue of over 152.6 billion yuan [1] - The company has built 22 global smart manufacturing bases, forming a full-process manufacturing system with product reliability exceeding industry levels by 12.7% [2] - Changhong's digital transformation extends beyond internal efficiency, as it was selected for the national data bureau's high-quality data set initiative, becoming the only manufacturing enterprise from Sichuan to be included [2] Group 1 - The intelligent energy management center at Changhong's smart manufacturing industrial park utilizes over 6,000 sensors to detect potential leaks within 3 seconds, showcasing the company's commitment to smart manufacturing [1] - Changhong's AI visual system in its smart display factory achieves near-zero defect rates and improves efficiency by over 70% through the conversion of expert judgment into replicable algorithm models [1] - The integration of AI algorithms in the air conditioning compressor assembly line has increased the average fault-free operation time by 18.7% [2] Group 2 - Changhong's self-developed "Hongyan" trusted data space platform activates data value in the supply chain while ensuring data privacy, allowing collaborative analysis without exchanging raw data [2] - The company has created an industrial app "Light Application Supermarket" to assist small and medium enterprises in their transformation, significantly improving order accuracy and efficiency [3] - Changhong's industrial internet platform has empowered nearly 3,000 enterprises and facilitated over 80,000 supply chain partners to adopt cloud solutions, with an annual supply chain financing scale exceeding 10 billion yuan [3]

Core Viewpoint - Huawei has launched the Mate 80 series smartphones featuring the industry's first 700MHz emergency communication function, enabling rescue communication over a distance of up to 13 kilometers and through three floors of concrete [1][3]. Group 1: Technology Implementation - The emergency communication function operates without relying on cellular networks, Wi-Fi, or satellites, allowing direct point-to-point connections between devices for voice, text, or location information transmission [1][2]. - The core of the no-network communication technology is decentralized self-organizing network technology, utilizing the 700MHz frequency band for signal transmission and Mesh technology to turn each phone into an intelligent node [1][3]. Group 2: Advantages of 700MHz Frequency - The 700MHz frequency band offers significant advantages, including strong wide-area coverage, effective penetration through buildings, and excellent stability in high-speed scenarios [3]. - Testing has shown that the technology can maintain communication over a distance of 13 kilometers and penetrate three walls, ensuring clear communication even in severe conditions like being buried under 1.5 meters of concrete [3]. Group 3: Value and Applications - The primary value of no-network communication lies in enhancing public safety and providing critical communication support in emergency, firefighting, and exploration scenarios [4]. - This technology serves as a "last backup" in extreme environments where infrastructure is compromised, addressing the core issue of "information islands" in emergency rescue situations [4]. Group 4: Market Penetration and Future Prospects - The successful implementation of no-network communication technology requires a "network effect," necessitating a sufficient number of supporting devices in a given area to form an effective Mesh network [5]. - Huawei plans to open the 700MHz no-network emergency communication function as a system-level feature, potentially leading to industry standards and broader user benefits [5].

一种新型RNA药物被证实能有效激活体内的DNA修复机制，为心脏病和自身免疫性疾病治疗带来曙 光。该药物名为TY1，代表了一类以全新方式解决组织损伤的药物。相关研究发表于最新一期《科学· 转化医学》。 这项研究由美国西达赛奈医疗中心主导。团队通过探究干细胞疗法的机制，发现了一种无需使用干细胞 即可治愈身体的新方法。此次推出的TY1其实是一种实验室合成的RNA分子，其研发源于超过20年的科 学研究。药物灵感最初来自对心脏祖细胞释放的外泌体的研究，这些外泌体中含有能引导组织修复的 RNA分子。TY1正是这种天然RNA分子的合成版本，经过工程化设计，使其更易于应用于临床治疗。 从原理上，TY1能够增强名为TREX1的基因活性。TREX1基因负责指导免疫细胞清除受损的DNA碎 片，从而促进受损组织的修复与再生。 目前，研究团队正计划推进TY1进入临床试验阶段，以评估其在人体中的安全性和有效性，为未来可能 的临床应用铺平道路。 （文章来源：科技日报） 在实验中，TY1通过增加具备DNA修复能力的免疫细胞数量，有效逆转了组织损伤。这不仅能显著减少 心脏病发作后的心脏瘢痕形成，还在治疗自身免疫性疾病方面同样有效。 该研究第一 ...

Core Insights - The first 110 kW-level seawater direct electrolysis hydrogen production system in China has passed expert review, marking a significant breakthrough from laboratory to engineering application in the field of seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production [1][2] - The system utilizes low-grade waste heat from nearby steel and petrochemical enterprises, allowing for efficient and stable conversion to high-purity hydrogen without relying on precious freshwater resources [1][2] Group 1 - The device addresses critical technical bottlenecks in seawater electrolysis, such as calcium and magnesium deposition, chloride ion corrosion, and short lifespan, thus providing a more efficient and cost-effective solution for future hydrogen production [1][2] - The system's ability to suppress chloride ion corrosion through the development of corrosion-resistant catalysts and dynamic control technology enhances the durability of the electrolysis equipment [2] - By utilizing low-grade waste heat and coupling with a screening system to produce high-quality freshwater, the device eliminates the need for traditional cooling units, significantly reducing investment and energy consumption [2] Group 2 - The project aligns with China's coastal industrial layout, creating a new paradigm for zero-carbon hydrogen supply by transforming industrial waste heat into usable energy [2] - The successful operation of the system for over 500 hours demonstrates its stability and marks a significant milestone in engineering readiness [2][3] - The project aims to establish a distributed energy network that captures waste heat, utilizes seawater, and produces green hydrogen on-site, providing robust technical support for coastal regions [2]

Core Viewpoint - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session emphasizes the importance of fully implementing the new development concept and focusing on high-quality development, with significant deployments being made across various sectors [1] Group 1: Path Innovation and New Quality Productivity - Path innovation is identified as a core approach in cultivating new quality productivity, with the State Council issuing systematic guidelines for scene cultivation and large-scale application [2] - In Beijing, over 300 robot ecosystem enterprises are creating a strong wave of innovation, utilizing real-world scenarios for data collection and technology iteration [2] - Qingdao is focusing on a "10+1" innovative industry strategy, implementing a "ten-hundred-thousand" technology innovation project to enhance its technological landscape [2] Group 2: Effective Transformation of Research Achievements - The effective transformation of research outcomes into real productivity is crucial for cultivating new quality productivity, as demonstrated by the establishment of the Xiang'an Innovation Laboratory in Xiamen [3] - The collaboration between academic research teams and enterprises is essential for moving from basic research to industrialization, ensuring efficient product development and quality control [3] Group 3: Deep Integration of Innovation Chains - The application of technological innovations within industrial chains is necessary to transform traditional industries and foster new ones, thereby maximizing development potential [4] - In Chongqing, the automotive industry is experiencing significant R&D investment, with local brands accounting for 96% of production [4] - The establishment of a year-round automotive testing facility in Heihe has significantly reduced testing costs and time, enhancing the R&D cycle for automotive companies [4] Group 4: Synergy in Industry and Technology - The integration of rare earth elements with steel production at Baotou Steel has led to the creation of new high-value products, generating over 3.6 billion yuan in annual benefits [5] - Inner Mongolia is promoting innovation chains to support the development of key industrial clusters, aiming for comprehensive coverage by 2027 [5] Group 5: Optimizing Innovation Ecosystems - Tailoring innovation ecosystems to local conditions is fundamental for fostering high-quality development, as seen in Hebi's burgeoning commercial aerospace sector [6] - Jilin Province is establishing high-level breeding innovation platforms to enhance agricultural productivity, showcasing over 20 new soybean varieties [6] Group 6: Talent Development and Economic Impact - Xinjiang has seen a 2.6-fold increase in R&D personnel since 2020, contributing to significant economic benefits in the renewable energy sector [7] - The introduction of high-level talent in southern Xinjiang is driving industrial development, with initiatives to create a pool of skilled professionals [7]

Core Viewpoint - In November, SanDisk, a leading NAND flash memory manufacturer, announced a significant price increase of 50% for NAND flash contracts, marking its third price hike this year. This increase surpasses market expectations and is part of a broader trend that may signal the beginning of a "super cycle" in the storage industry driven by supply-demand imbalances and shifts in the industry landscape [1] Group 1: Price Increases - SanDisk has raised prices multiple times this year, with a 10% increase in April and another 10% increase in early September, culminating in a 50% increase in November [1] - The December contract prices are expected to continue rising, indicating a sustained upward trend in the market [1] Group 2: Market Dynamics - The current wave of price increases in the storage sector is attributed to a significant imbalance between supply and demand [1] - The ongoing AI revolution is reshaping the market demand landscape for storage, contributing to the heightened demand for NAND flash memory [1]

Core Insights - The latest ranking from the international large model competition arena, LMArena, highlights several Chinese large models performing exceptionally well, with Baidu's Wenxin model ranking second globally and first domestically in text capabilities [1] - The Wenxin model excels in creative writing, complex long question understanding, and instruction adherence, while also leading in visual understanding capabilities domestically and ranking high globally [1] - The Zhiyuan GLM-4.6 model is noted for its leading performance in coding capabilities, comparable to several mainstream international models [1] - Since the rise of DeepSeek earlier this year, there has been a surge of interest in Chinese artificial intelligence on the international stage, with large models becoming a critical area of competition in AI [1] - Chinese large models are making significant strides in technology innovation, practical applications, and ecosystem development, positioning themselves in the global first tier [1]

Core Insights - The first 110 kW seawater direct electrolysis hydrogen production system in China has passed expert review, marking a significant breakthrough in the engineering application of this global strategic technology [1] - The system has achieved over 500 hours of continuous stable operation, indicating its reliability and potential for commercial use [1] Technical Breakthroughs - The core breakthroughs include addressing key technical bottlenecks such as calcium and magnesium deposition, chloride ion corrosion, and short lifespan of electrolysis equipment [1] - Efficient utilization of low-grade waste heat has been implemented to reduce equipment costs and energy consumption [1] Cost and Complexity Reduction - The system can directly utilize natural seawater for continuous hydrogen production without complex pretreatment, significantly lowering hydrogen production costs and engineering complexity [1] - This development provides a more efficient and cost-effective solution for future seawater hydrogen production and other water electrolysis processes [1]