2025 年 8 月 4 日 行业研究 如何看待股债跷跷板和 8 月流动性？ ——流动性观察第 114 期 银行业 买入（维持） 作者 分析师：王一峰 执业证书编号：S0930519050002 010-57378038 wangyf@ebscn.com 分析师：赵晨阳 执业证书编号：S0930524070005 010-57378030 zhaochenyang@ebscn.com 行业与沪深 300 指数对比图 资料来源：Wind 相关研报 6 月金融数据前瞻——流动性观察第 113 期 7 月流动性：自发宽松——流动性观察第 112 期 5 月金融数据前瞻——流动性观察第 111 期 6 月流动性展望——流动性观察第 110 期 4 月金融数据前瞻及 5 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 109 期 3 月金融数据前瞻及 4 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 108 期 2 月金融数据前瞻及 3 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 107 期 1 月金融数据前瞻及 2 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 106 期 12 月金融数据前瞻及 1 月流动性展望——流动性 观察第 105 期 11 月金融数据前瞻及 12 ...

Market Overview - Despite a weak market last week, the Hang Seng Index rose by 701 points or 2.9% in July [1] - The current US-China tariff war has not seen any breakthrough developments, leading to a shift from optimism to a wait-and-see approach [1] - The lack of new policies regarding the economy and the property sector has put pressure on the market [1] Short-term Market Outlook - The market is expected to find support at 24,000 points in the short term [1] - The upcoming earnings season is anticipated to dominate the Hong Kong stock market's performance in August [1] - Large technology stocks are expected to report strong first-half earnings, while bank stocks showed mixed results last week [1] Sector Performance - Technology stocks, particularly those related to internet and cloud services, are expected to outperform [1] - The market is projected to face resistance at 25,700 points [1] Biotechnology Sector - The biotechnology sector is viewed positively, with several companies reporting earnings surprises [1] - The progress of innovative drugs entering international markets is promising, indicating potential revenue growth [1] - Recent market adjustments are seen as profit-taking rather than the end of an upward trend [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that market trends dictate the behavior of dominant funds, which in turn influences the structure and model of rising industries, with a historical tendency for concentrated leading industries rather than high-cut low-rotation [2] - Recent market performance has shown a gradual focus on trend-based sectors such as AI, innovative pharmaceuticals, resources, and technology innovation board [2] - The market is expected to experience a cooling period as incremental liquidity slows down, which is necessary for stable long-term growth [2] Group 2 - In July, market risk appetite continued to recover, but high-dividend sectors were dragged down by banks, leading to a mixed performance within major indices [3] - Some stable and potential high-dividend stocks have become attractive due to their current yield, indicating a gradual emergence of configuration value [3] - The focus for August is on cyclical high-dividend stocks that are expected to perform well due to improved supply-demand structures [3] Group 3 - The market is currently undergoing a short-term adjustment after a previous breakout, with a need to refocus on main lines as the market stabilizes [4] - The adjustment phase is expected to digest economic growth rate expectations and policy shifts aimed at structural adjustments [4] Group 4 - The market is anticipated to return to a volatile state in August, with potential upward movements before the September 3 military parade [5] - Key sectors to watch include AI, robotics, and advanced manufacturing, which are expected to lead the market back to a strong mid-term position [5] Group 5 - The core logic supporting the current market trend remains intact despite recent fluctuations, with several potential catalysts on the horizon [6] - Upcoming events such as the release of GPT-5 and the September 3 military parade are expected to positively influence market sentiment [6] Group 6 - The overall bullish logic driven by liquidity remains unbroken, with expectations for the market to maintain strength in August [7] - The recommended sector focus includes undervalued large-cap tech growth, innovative pharmaceuticals, and global pricing resources [7] Group 7 - The market is expected to exhibit a rotation and supplementary rise, with particular attention on machinery and electrical equipment sectors [8] - Long-term focus areas include consumption, technological independence, and high-quality dividend stocks [8] Group 8 - The likelihood of A-shares reaching new highs in August is considered high, with a potential upward trend resuming after mid-August [9][10] - The market is expected to benefit from improved free cash flow and continued inflow of external capital [10] Group 9 - The market is currently in a phase of adjustment but remains on an upward trend, with support from various technical indicators [13] - Recommended sector allocation includes a balanced approach focusing on financials and technology growth sectors [13]

Core Viewpoint - The market is expected to enter a new phase of upward momentum in the second half of the year, potentially surpassing the peak levels anticipated for the second half of 2024 [1] Industry Focus - The report highlights several industries that are expected to perform well in the upcoming market environment, including home appliances, non-bank financials, electric power, and equipment [1]

Group 1 - The market is entering a period of fluctuation, focusing on sectors with defined industrial trends and less external disturbance [1] - In August, the market is expected to maintain a high-level fluctuation, with attention on structural allocation opportunities [1][2] - The current market rally is driven by liquidity and market expectations, with the Shanghai Composite Index reaching new highs [2] Group 2 - The market is likely transitioning from a "turning point" trading phase to a "space" trading phase, indicating a gradual shift in market dynamics [2] - There is a focus on low-position technology sectors, with cyclical stocks being key to the index's strength [2] - China’s assets remain attractive, with expectations for a market style leaning towards cyclical sectors in August [3]

智通财经APP获悉，光大证券发布研究报告称，苹果(AAPL.US)于美东时间7月31日盘后发布FY3Q25 (CY2Q25)业绩。营收方面，当季营收940.4亿美元(yoy+10%)，高于彭博一致预期893.0亿美元 (yoy+4%)，同样超出苹果此前营收增速为同比中低个位数的指引，主要受益于iPhone、Mac及服务业务 表现超预期，苹果实现自FY1Q22以来最强劲的季度营收增长。但相比于稳健的基本面，该机构认为市 场更期待苹果在AI方面有更多进展，这也是推动苹果股价能否突破新高的核心。后续仍需持续警惕关 税压力仍存、谷歌反垄断案的裁决风险。 光大证券主要观点如下： 事件：FY3Q25苹果营收与利润均超预期，关税负面影响优于预期。苹果于美东时间7月31日盘后发布 FY3Q25 (CY2Q25)业绩。营收方面，当季营收940.4亿美元(yoy+10%)，高于彭博一致预期893.0亿美元 (yoy+4%)，同样超出苹果此前营收增速为同比中低个位数的指引，主要受益于iPhone、Mac及服务业务 表现超预期，苹果实现自FY1Q22以来最强劲的季度营收增长。业绩方面，当季毛利率达46.5%，位于 此前45.5%-4 ...

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. non-farm employment data shows a significant decline, with July's job additions at 73,000, down from an expected 110,000, indicating a weakening labor market and increasing likelihood of the Federal Reserve restarting interest rate cuts in the second half of the year [1][2][6]. Employment Data Summary - The U.S. Labor Department reported that July's non-farm employment increased by 73,000, significantly lower than the expected 110,000, and the previous value was revised down from 147,000 to 14,000 [2]. - The unemployment rate for July was reported at 4.2%, matching expectations but up from the previous value of 4.1% [2]. - Average hourly earnings increased by 3.9% year-over-year, slightly above the expected 3.8% [2]. Non-Farm Data Revision Analysis - The downward revision of June's non-farm data by 258,000 jobs was primarily due to adjustments in government, leisure and hospitality, and construction sectors, which accounted for 90,000 of the total revision [3]. - The significant revision reflects the impact of tariffs on the U.S. economy, suggesting that the resilience of the economy may have been overestimated [3][6]. Sector Performance - In July, the financial activities sector added 15,000 jobs, education and health services added 79,000 jobs, and retail added 16,000 jobs, indicating stable demand in these service sectors [4]. - The manufacturing sector has seen negative job additions for three consecutive months, indicating a lack of production willingness among companies [4]. Labor Market Dynamics - The labor force participation rate decreased to 62.2% in July from 62.3% in the previous month, with a notable decline in employment willingness among younger demographics [5]. - The number of unemployed individuals increased by 221,000 in July, contributing to the rise in the U3 unemployment rate to 4.2% [5]. - Temporary unemployment increased by 80,000, while permanent unemployment remained unchanged, suggesting a rise in layoffs by companies [5].

高瑞东表示，提振消费需要在供需两端协同发力。本次针对个人消费贷款与服务业经营主体实施贷款贴 息政策，正是供需两端协同发力的具体表现。一方面，对个人消费贷款贴息，有助于减轻居民信贷成 本，提升居民消费意愿和能力；另一方面，服务业经营主体作为消费服务和场景提供者，减轻其融资成 本，能够激发服务业主体扩大生产经营的动力，为提供高质量的消费服务创造条件。 高瑞东认为，扩大服务消费对于当前稳就业稳经济意义重大。服务消费具有本地化、即时性、消费频次 高的特征。从发展阶段来看，当前我国消费结构正从商品消费主导向服务消费主导加速转变，服务消费 发展空间较大，将成为未来扩内需的重要抓手；服务业是我国吸纳就业的主体，扩大服务消费对于稳就 业具有更强的带动作用，从而畅通"就业—收入—消费"的良性循环。 "本次出台针对性支持举措，有助于推动优化和扩大服务消费供给，更好满足居民个性化、多样化、品 质化的服务消费需求。"高瑞东说。 转自：中国证券报·中证网 中证报中证网讯（记者 昝秀丽）光大证券首席经济学家高瑞东在接受中国证券报记者采访时表示，个 人消费贷款贴息政策与服务业经营主体贷款贴息政策，是财政金融联动在扩消费领域的重要体现，有助 ...

股份發行人及根據《上市規則》第十九B章上市的香港預託證券發行人的證券變動月報表 截至月份: 2025年7月31日 狀態: 新提交 致：香港交易及結算所有限公司 公司名稱: 光大證券股份有限公司 呈交日期: 2025年8月1日 I. 法定/註冊股本變動 | 1. 股份分類 | 普通股 | 股份類別 | A | | | 於香港聯交所上市 (註1) | | 否 | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 證券代號 (如上市) | 601788 | 說明 | | A股(上海證券交易所) | | | | | | | | | 法定/註冊股份數目 | | | 面值 | | | 法定/註冊股本 | | | 上月底結存 | | | 3,906,698,839 | RMB | | 1 | RMB | | 3,906,698,839 | | 增加 / 減少 (-) | | | 0 | | | | RMB | | 0 | | 本月底結存 | | | 3,906,698,839 | RMB | | | 1 RMB | | 3,906,698,8 ...

Core Viewpoint - Jiahua Technology (688051.SH) announced a share reduction plan by its shareholder, Qiongqing City Huayun Investment Management Partnership, due to personal funding needs of employees, intending to reduce up to 1,546,680 shares, representing 2% of the total shares [1] Group 1: Share Reduction Plans - Qiongqing City Huayun plans to reduce shares through centralized bidding or block trading, with a maximum of 1,546,680 shares, not exceeding 2% of total shares [1] - The reduction via centralized bidding will occur within three months after the announcement, with a limit of 1% in any consecutive 90 days [1] - The reduction via block trading will also occur within three months after the announcement, with a limit of 2% in any consecutive 90 days [1] Group 2: Financial Performance - Jiahua Technology's revenue from 2021 to 2024 was 4.86 billion, 2.61 billion, 3.22 billion, and 3.00 billion respectively, with net profits of -1.29 billion, -2.88 billion, -2.08 billion, and -1.03 billion [3] - In Q1 2025, the company reported revenue of 55.57 million, a year-on-year decrease of 44.46%, with a net profit of -13.29 million compared to -9.38 million in the same period last year [3] - The operating cash flow for Q1 2025 was -32.37 million, compared to -15.14 million in the previous year [3] Group 3: IPO and Fundraising - Jiahua Technology was listed on the Sci-Tech Innovation Board on March 20, 2020, with an issue price of 50.81 yuan per share, raising a total of 982 million, with a net amount of 864 million [2] - The company initially aimed to raise 500 million for projects related to atmospheric environment AI big data systems and AI research and development [2] - The total issuance costs for the IPO were 118 million, including underwriting and sponsorship fees of 96.34 million [2]