中新社北京12月3日电 题：中国首次挑战火箭入轨回收 专家：允许航天探索在试错中前行 中新社记者 马帅莎 12月3日，朱雀三号运载火箭在东风商业航天创新试验区首飞。这是中国航天首次挑战可重复使用火箭 入轨回收。试验结果显示，火箭二级顺利进入预定轨道，火箭一级则在着陆段点火后出现异常，未能实 现软着陆，残骸散落于回收场坪边缘。 有观点认为，朱雀三号运载火箭首飞获取的宝贵数据，特别是再入过程中的实测资料，为中国掌握火箭 可重复使用技术提供了重要"路标"，也提振了中国商业航天发展信心。 航天业内专家受访时表示，虽然回收未能成功，但朱雀三号运载火箭首飞即实现入轨，已是中国商业航 天的重要突破。不锈钢箭体、液氧甲烷推进剂、9台发动机并联、在内陆运输4.5米直径箭体……这些新 的航天技术进展本身就值得点赞。 全球低轨卫星组网进入高速发展期，让火箭从"一次性消耗品"转变为可多次使用的太空运输工具，已成 为"太空经济"重要赛道。在此背景下，朱雀三号运载火箭的回收"首秀"成为外界关注焦点。 蓝箭航天朱雀三号运载火箭总指挥戴政介绍称，不同于一次性使用火箭，朱雀三号运载火箭在"外形"上 多了两个关键部件：栅格舵与着陆支腿。火箭返回 ...

出品 | 搜狐科技 从曝光的视频看，要回收的火箭一级箭体并非正常姿态下落，反而是斜着加速向下冲，和我们平时看到 的火箭回收场景差了不少。也正因此，网上普遍猜测问题出在了反推发动机上，空中点火和姿态控制完 成得不太理想。 振奋人心的是，发射任务结束后，网友们更多的声音并不认为这是一次失败，而是中国航天迈出的重要 一步。 从体态来看，身为重型火的箭朱雀三号对标的正是马斯克SpaceX的猎鹰火箭。要知道，猎鹰火箭从试 想到最终完成箭体回收，用了足足两年的时间，期间经历多次爆炸失败，才慢慢摸透回收的门道。 而朱雀三号这是第一次真正搞轨道级回收，很多技术都是首次实战检验，缺少足够飞行数据支撑。 不过话说回来，不能因为"回收失败"四个字就否定这次任务价值。这次试飞已然成了宝贵的"错题本"， 接下来要做的就是吸取经验，改进方案，不断试错。 今天最牵动不明的大事件莫过于刚刚结束的朱雀三号火箭发射任务。 朱雀三号是我国蓝箭航天自主研制的新一代低成本、大运力、可重复使用的运载火箭。最具亮点的是， 该火箭一级装有反作用控制系统，可在完成轨道发射后实施垂直返回回收与再利用。 没错，和马斯克SpaceX上演的火箭回收表演如出一辙。 如 ...

Core Viewpoint - The successful launch of the Zhuque-3 rocket marks a significant step in the development of low-cost, high-capacity, reusable launch vehicles by Blue Arrow Aerospace, despite the failure of the first stage recovery test [1]. Group 1: Rocket Specifications and Features - Zhuque-3 is a new generation of low-cost, high-capacity, and reusable liquid oxygen-methane launch vehicle developed by Blue Arrow Aerospace [1]. - The rocket features a two-stage design with a diameter of 4.5 meters for both stages and a fairing diameter of 5.2 meters, with an overall length of 66.1 meters [1]. - The propulsion system is based on the self-developed Tianque series liquid oxygen-methane engines [1]. Group 2: Launch and Recovery Test - The launch took place on December 3, successfully completing the flight mission with the second stage entering the designated orbit [1]. - The first stage recovery verification was conducted during the mission, but an abnormal combustion occurred, preventing a soft landing at the recovery site, resulting in a failed recovery test [1]. - Despite the failure in recovery, the mission validated the correctness and rationality of the entire testing, launching, and flight process, as well as the compatibility of various system interfaces [1]. Group 3: Future Plans and Improvements - The development team plans to conduct a comprehensive review of the test process and identify the cause of the failure, aiming to optimize the recovery plan for future missions [1]. - The acquisition of key engineering data during the flight will support subsequent launch services and the reliable recovery and reuse of the rocket's first stage [1].

Core Points - Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket successfully launched and achieved its first stage recovery at sea, marking a significant milestone for the company in reusable rocket technology [1][3][5] - This launch positions Blue Origin as the second company globally, after SpaceX, to master rocket recovery technology [3][5] - The New Glenn rocket is designed for multiple uses, with the first stage expected to be reusable up to 25 times, enhancing its competitiveness in the launch market [6][7] Technical Specifications - New Glenn rocket features a two-stage design, with a height of 98 meters and a diameter of 7 meters, providing a launch thrust of 1,750 tons [6] - The first stage has a near-Earth orbit capacity of 45 tons and a geostationary transfer orbit capacity of over 13 tons [6] - The rocket's first stage is powered by seven BE-4 engines using liquid methane and liquid oxygen, while the second stage is equipped with two BE-3U engines [6] Mission Details - The rocket successfully deployed NASA's ESCAPADE twin satellites, which will study Mars' atmosphere, after approximately 34 minutes of flight [6][7] - The ESCAPADE mission will not directly head to Mars but will first enter a near-Earth orbit before making its journey to Mars in 2026 [7] - The launch faced multiple delays due to weather conditions and previous mission failures, highlighting the challenges in the aerospace industry [7] Industry Context - The successful launch of New Glenn adds pressure on China's commercial space sector, which is preparing for the maiden flight of its reusable rocket, Zhuque-3, expected in mid-November [8][11] - Other Chinese rockets, such as Tianlong-3 and Chang Zheng-12A, are also in development, indicating a competitive landscape in the global space launch market [11]

Core Viewpoint - The company is actively promoting its commercial aerospace business, focusing on production line transformation, team building, expert recruitment, and market research, although it currently has no substantial orders [1] Group 1: Company Developments - The company has been engaged in preliminary work for its commercial aerospace business, including production line modifications and team development [1] - There is a close monitoring of the development trends in rocket recovery technology, which is still in the research and testing phase domestically [1] Group 2: Market Performance - On September 24, the company's stock rose by 0.52%, closing at 7.7 yuan per share, with a total market capitalization of 7.199 billion yuan [1]

Core Viewpoint - The company is actively promoting its commercial aerospace business but currently has no substantial orders [1] Group 1: Company Developments - The company is focusing on the development of rocket recovery technology, which is still in the research and testing phase domestically [1] - The company plans to closely monitor the trends in rocket recovery technology to continuously enhance its technical reserves [1]

Core Insights - Chinese commercial aerospace company Qianyi Aerospace has recently launched its self-developed ADHL rocket recovery technology, aiming to achieve horizontal landing through aerodynamic deceleration, thereby reducing fuel consumption and extending engine life [1] - The technology allows the rocket to decelerate from hypersonic to subsonic speeds during atmospheric re-entry, ultimately achieving powered descent and horizontal landing [1] - The "Xuan Niao" series of launch vehicles will utilize this technology, with only 1% of payload loss, catering to various scenarios such as commercial satellite launches and space tourism [1] - The company has completed the overall design of the "Xuan Niao-R" and plans to achieve its first flight and recovery by the end of 2026 [1] Industry Overview - Rocket recovery technology is transitioning from the technology validation phase to large-scale commercial application, with the Chinese rocket recovery market expected to exceed 12 billion yuan by 2025, reflecting a compound annual growth rate of 35% [1] - This sector is becoming the fastest-growing segment in the global commercial aerospace field, significantly lowering launch costs [1] - By 2030, the cost of a single launch for recoverable rockets in China is projected to drop below 20% of traditional rockets, providing economically viable solutions for satellite internet, space tourism, and deep space exploration [1] - The advancement of rocket recovery technology is leading Chinese commercial aerospace into a new era of "reusability," with expanding market size, diversified technological pathways, and increasingly prominent cost advantages, offering vast development space for the industry [1]

Core Viewpoint - China's commercial space industry is entering a period of intensive launches, with significant growth in the number of rocket launches and a focus on satellite network projects like the GW constellation, which aims for global broadband coverage similar to SpaceX's Starlink [3][4]. Launch Statistics - In the past 25 days, China has conducted nine rocket launches, accounting for over 25% of the total 35 launches in the first half of 2025 [3][4]. - The recent launches include multiple missions supporting the GW constellation, a broadband satellite project led by China Satellite Network Group [3][4]. Cost and Technology Challenges - The cost of satellite launches in China is high, averaging around 150,000 yuan per kilogram, leading to launch costs for a 500 kg satellite potentially exceeding 75 million yuan [6]. - Key challenges in the industry include improving launch frequency and reducing costs, particularly through advancements in rocket engine technology and reusability [4][6][8]. Engine Development - Engine performance is critical for determining rocket payload capacity and reusability, directly impacting launch costs [7][8]. - Current domestic engines face challenges such as high-temperature coking, which complicates maintenance and increases costs [8][9]. - Companies are exploring alternative fuels like liquid oxygen and methane to enhance reusability and efficiency [9]. Competitive Landscape - SpaceX's Starship serves as a benchmark for domestic companies, particularly in terms of recovery technology and cost reduction through reusability [12][13]. - Domestic companies are working on developing high-capacity rockets, with some aiming for payload capacities of over 40 tons to significantly lower launch costs [12][14]. Investment and Market Trends - Recent funding rounds indicate a growing interest in foundational capabilities, particularly in engine development and low-orbit satellite networks [18][19]. - The market is expected to see significant orders from satellite network construction in the next three years, emphasizing the need for low-cost, high-capacity launch capabilities [19][20].

Group 1 - The relationship between Trump and Musk has dramatically shifted from close collaboration to opposition, particularly highlighted by Musk's public opposition to the "Big and Beautiful" bill, which angered Trump [2][4] - Musk has established a new political party, the "American Party" (AMEP), aimed at disrupting Trump's political plans and fundraising efforts for the upcoming midterm elections [4] - In response to Musk's actions, Trump initiated an investigation into Musk's companies, seeking to find leverage against him, which ultimately led to a deeper understanding of the U.S. reliance on Musk's businesses [4][6] Group 2 - The White House conducted a 44-day investigation into Musk's companies, particularly focusing on SpaceX's contracts with the Department of Defense and NASA, revealing the high dependency of the U.S. on SpaceX in critical sectors [4][6] - SpaceX's collaboration with NASA has resulted in significant cost savings, with the "Commercial Crew Program" saving the government over a billion dollars, and any disruption could jeopardize U.S. manned spaceflight capabilities [6] - In the military sector, SpaceX holds 80% of the U.S. military satellite launch contracts, and severing ties would disrupt the military satellite launch system significantly [7] Group 3 - SpaceX's "Starlink" satellite network is crucial for U.S. national security, as it supports intelligence communication, and any issues with it could severely impact national security [7] - Musk has strategically positioned himself with advanced technologies in SpaceX, such as the Falcon 9 rocket recovery technology, which gives the company an irreplaceable status in the aerospace sector [10] - Politically, Musk's establishment of the "American Party" and the potential for future political activities indicate a calculated approach to maintain influence and protect his business interests [10][11] Group 4 - Trump finds himself in a difficult position, unable to easily target Musk's companies due to their technological importance, while Musk continues to strengthen his market position and political influence [11] - Musk's strategy of maintaining technological leadership and expanding market share ensures his business remains resilient in various political environments [11]

Group 1 - The article discusses Elon Musk's declining reputation in the U.S. and his recent media appearances to clarify his actions and thoughts [2][3] - Musk highlights four major issues within the U.S. federal government, including software license inefficiencies, excessive government credit cards, and a lack of accountability in funding non-profit organizations [5][6][10] - He claims that approximately $1 trillion in waste and fraud can be eliminated from government spending by improving transparency and data analysis [11][12] Group 2 - Musk expresses concerns about the future of artificial intelligence (AI), stating that it poses both risks and opportunities, and predicts that AI will surpass human intelligence within the next decade [17][18][20] - He emphasizes the potential of AI to revolutionize various sectors, including healthcare, where AI can provide better diagnostics than human doctors [22] - Musk warns of the existential risks associated with AI, suggesting that it could lead to significant societal changes and challenges in finding purpose in life [23][24] Group 3 - The article outlines Musk's commitment to Mars exploration, emphasizing the need for a second planet to ensure the survival of human civilization [28][29] - Musk discusses the advancements in SpaceX's rocket technology, particularly the goal of achieving fully reusable rockets to drastically reduce the cost of space travel [30][35] - He details the challenges of developing effective heat shield technology for spacecraft, which is crucial for safe re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere [40][41]