1. Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - In the stock index market, the previous trading day saw declines in major indices, but with increased trading volume. Given current policies and market conditions, it is recommended to go long on IH or IF index futures related to the economy and IC or IM futures related to "new - quality productivity" on dips [2][4]. - In the bond market, the central bank's liquidity injection maintains a positive attitude, and short - term bond market trends are expected to be volatile. In the long - term, with weak domestic demand recovery and loose funds, interest rates are expected to decline, and it is advisable to enter the market on dips [8]. - In the precious metals market, due to lower - than - expected US inflation data, the market's expectation of the Fed's loose monetary policy in the second half of the year has increased, and it is recommended to maintain a long - term view on precious metals, especially silver, and go long on dips [9][12]. - In the non - ferrous metals market, different metals have different trends. For example, copper is expected to fluctuate at a high level, aluminum may rise first and then fall, zinc has a large downward risk, and lead is expected to be weak [14][15][16][17]. - In the black building materials market, steel products are affected by factors such as weak demand and tariff policies, and attention should be paid to policy changes and demand recovery. Iron ore is expected to fluctuate in the short term, and glass and soda ash are expected to be weak [27][29][30]. - In the energy and chemical market, rubber is affected by different views on supply and demand, and it is recommended to operate neutrally. Crude oil has reached a short - selling range, and methanol, urea, etc. have their own supply - demand characteristics and trading suggestions [39][40][43]. - In the agricultural products market, the prices of pigs, eggs, etc. have different trends, and corresponding trading strategies are proposed according to different supply - demand situations [55][56]. 3. Summaries According to Related Catalogs Macro - financial Stock Index - The previous trading day, major indices such as the Shanghai Composite Index, ChiNext Index, etc. declined, with a total trading volume of 1467.2 billion yuan, an increase of 195.4 billion yuan from the previous day [2]. - The 5 - month social financing increment was 2.29 trillion yuan, and the central bank will conduct a 400 - billion - yuan outright reverse repurchase operation on June 16. The financing amount increased by 2.387 billion yuan, and the overnight Shibor rate increased by 4.40bp to 1.411% [3]. - The basis ratios of index futures were provided, and it is recommended to go long on IH or IF index futures related to the economy and IC or IM futures related to "new - quality productivity" on dips [4]. Bond - On Friday, the main contracts of TL, T, TF, and TS all rose slightly [6]. - As of the end of May 2025, the social financing scale stock was 426.16 trillion yuan, and the central bank will conduct a 400 - billion - yuan outright reverse repurchase operation on June 16. The central bank achieved a net injection of 6.75 billion yuan on Friday [7]. - The central bank's liquidity injection maintains a positive attitude, and short - term bond market trends are expected to be volatile. In the long - term, interest rates are expected to decline, and it is advisable to enter the market on dips [8]. Precious Metals - Shanghai gold rose 0.64%, and Shanghai silver rose 0.24%. COMEX gold and silver also rose [9]. - Due to lower - than - expected US inflation data, the market's expectation of the Fed's loose monetary policy in the second half of the year has increased, and it is recommended to maintain a long - term view on precious metals, especially silver, and go long on dips [9][12]. Non - ferrous Metals Copper - Last week, copper prices rose first and then fell. The inventories of the three major exchanges decreased by 18,000 tons week - on - week. The spot import loss widened, and it is expected that copper prices will fluctuate at a high level in the short term [14]. Aluminum - Last week, aluminum prices rose. Domestic aluminum ingot inventories continued to decline, and it is expected that aluminum prices may rise first and then fall, with a near - strong and far - weak pattern [15]. Zinc - As of Friday, the zinc index fell 1.40%. Zinc ore is in an oversupply situation, and there is a large downward risk for zinc prices [16]. Lead - As of Friday, the lead index rose 0.26%. Downstream battery companies have weak consumption, and lead prices are expected to be weak [17]. Nickel - Last week, nickel prices fluctuated downward. The supply of refined nickel is in an oversupply pattern, and it is recommended to wait for a rebound and then short at high prices [18]. Tin - Last week, tin prices fluctuated. The short - term supply of tin ore is in short supply, and terminal demand is weak. Tin prices are expected to fluctuate between 250,000 - 270,000 yuan/ton [19]. Carbonate Lithium - The fundamentals of carbonate lithium have not improved substantially, and there is a large selling pressure above. It is expected to fluctuate weakly at the bottom in the short term [20]. Alumina - On June 13, the alumina index fell 1.45%. The alumina production capacity is in an oversupply situation, and it is expected to fluctuate weakly in the second half of the year [21]. Stainless Steel - On Friday, the stainless steel main contract fell 0.28%. The inventory of Qing Shan resources is high, and steel prices are under pressure, but they are expected to fluctuate slightly in the short term [22][23][24]. Black Building Materials Steel - On the previous trading day, the prices of rebar and hot - rolled coil both rose slightly. The demand for steel products is weak, and attention should be paid to policy changes and demand recovery [26][27]. Iron Ore - On Friday, the main contract of iron ore fell 0.14%. The supply of iron ore is increasing, the demand is weakening marginally, and the price is expected to fluctuate in the short term [28][29]. Glass and Soda Ash - For glass, the spot price is stable, and the inventory has decreased slightly. For soda ash, the spot price is stable, and the inventory has increased slightly. Both are expected to be weak [30]. Manganese Silicon and Ferrosilicon - On June 13, the main contract of manganese silicon rose 0.92%, and the main contract of ferrosilicon rose 0.50%. The demand for ferrosilicon and manganese silicon is expected to weaken, and it is not recommended to buy on the left side [31][32]. Industrial Silicon - On June 13, the main contract of industrial silicon fell 1.56%. The industrial silicon market has over - capacity and insufficient demand, and it is recommended to wait and see [35][36]. Energy and Chemical Rubber - Crude oil rose sharply, driving NR and RU to rebound. The bulls and bears have different views on the rubber market, and it is recommended to operate neutrally [39][40]. Crude Oil - As of Friday, WTI and Brent crude oil futures rose. The current geopolitical risk has been gradually released, and the oil price has reached a short - selling range [42][43]. Methanol - On June 13, the 09 - contract of methanol rose. The supply is at a high level, and the demand is difficult to improve continuously. It is recommended to wait and see after the geopolitical conflict's positive impact is realized [44]. Urea - On June 13, the 09 - contract of urea rose. The supply is high, the demand is weak, and the price has returned to a low level. It is recommended to go long at a low level [45]. Styrene - The spot price of styrene is unchanged, and the futures price has risen. The short - term contradiction is the rise in naphtha prices, and it is expected to fluctuate weakly after the war stabilizes [46]. PVC - The PVC09 - contract rose. The supply is strong, the demand is weak, and it is expected to fluctuate weakly in the future [48]. Ethylene Glycol - The EG09 - contract rose. The supply is increasing, the demand is weakening, and the inventory is accumulating. It is recommended to short at a high level [49]. PTA - The PTA09 - contract rose. The supply is increasing, the demand is weakening, and the processing fee is under pressure. It is recommended to go long at a low level following PX [50]. Para - xylene - The PX09 - contract rose. The supply is increasing, the demand is weakening in the short term, and it is expected to continue to destock in the third quarter. It is recommended to go long at a low level following crude oil [51]. Polyethylene (PE) - The price of polyethylene has risen. The supply pressure may be relieved in June, and it is expected to fluctuate [52]. Polypropylene (PP) - The price of polypropylene has risen. The supply will increase in June, and the demand is in a seasonal off - season. It is expected to be bearish [53]. Agricultural Products Pigs - Over the weekend, domestic pig prices rose. It is expected that pig prices will consolidate today. It is recommended to go long on near - term contracts at a low level and short on long - term contracts at a high level [55]. Eggs - Over the weekend, domestic egg prices were stable. It is expected that egg prices will be stable this week. It is recommended to exit short positions at a low level and short on long - term contracts after a rebound [56]. Soybean and Rapeseed Meal - On Friday, US soybeans rose more than 2%. The domestic soybean meal spot price has increased. The US soybean production area will have good rainfall in the next two weeks. It is recommended to be cautiously bullish on far - month soybean meal contracts [57][58]. Oils and Fats - High - frequency export data shows that the export volume of Malaysian palm oil is expected to increase. The US bio - diesel policy draft is beyond expectations, and it is recommended to be bullish on oils and fats in the short term [59][60]. Sugar - On Friday, Zhengzhou sugar futures prices fluctuated strongly. The international sugar market supply may be increasing, and the domestic sugar price is likely to weaken in the future [61][62]. Cotton - On Friday, Zhengzhou cotton futures prices fluctuated narrowly. The downstream operating rate has decreased slightly, and the cotton price is expected to continue to fluctuate in the short term [63][64][65].

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant content provided. Core Views of the Report - The stock market risk appetite has gradually recovered after a series of domestic policies to stabilize the economy and the stock market. It is recommended to buy long positions in IH or IF stock index futures related to the economy on dips and consider long positions in IC or IM futures related to "new quality productivity" [2][3]. - The bond market is expected to be volatile in the short - term. With the expected continuation of a loose capital environment and weak domestic demand recovery, interest rates are expected to decline in the long - term, and it is advisable to enter the market on dips [5]. - For precious metals, the weak US PPI data and employment data have increased the expectation of the Fed's loose monetary policy in the second half of the year, supporting the prices of gold and silver. It is recommended to buy on dips [6][7]. - For various non - ferrous metals, copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, nickel, tin, etc. have different supply - demand situations and price trends. Generally, short - term price trends are affected by factors such as supply and demand, inventory, and macro - environment, and corresponding trading strategies are proposed [9][10][14]. - In the black building materials sector, steel products, iron ore, glass, soda ash, manganese silicon, ferrosilicon, and industrial silicon are all affected by factors such as supply - demand, inventory, and cost. Most products are expected to be weak in the short - term [20][21][24]. - In the energy and chemical sector, rubber, crude oil, methanol, urea, PVC, ethylene glycol, PTA, p - xylene, polyethylene, and polypropylene have different supply - demand and price trends, and corresponding trading suggestions are given [33][39][40]. - In the agricultural products sector, the prices of live pigs, eggs, soybean and rapeseed meal, oils and fats, sugar, and cotton are affected by factors such as supply - demand, inventory, and policies. Different trading strategies are recommended for each product [50][53][57]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Macro - financial Stock Index - The Shanghai Composite Index rose 0.01%, the ChiNext Index rose 0.26%, etc. The total trading volume of the two markets was 1271.8 billion yuan, an increase of 16.3 billion yuan from the previous day. The financing amount increased by 1.822 billion yuan, and the overnight Shibor rate rose to 1.367%. It is recommended to buy long positions in IH or IF stock index futures on dips and consider long positions in IC or IM futures [2][3]. Treasury Bonds - The TL main contract rose 0.07%, while T, TF, and TS main contracts fell. The central bank conducted 119.3 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations, with a net withdrawal of 7.2 billion yuan. The bond market is expected to be volatile in the short - term, and interest rates are expected to decline in the long - term, and it is advisable to enter the market on dips [4][5]. Precious Metals - Shanghai gold rose 0.65% to 786.02 yuan/gram, and Shanghai silver fell 0.53% to 8787 yuan/kg. The weak US PPI and employment data increased the expectation of the Fed's loose monetary policy, supporting precious metal prices. It is recommended to buy on dips [6][7]. Non - ferrous Metals Copper - LME copper rose 0.45% to 9690 US dollars/ton. The supply of copper raw materials is tight, but the processing fee is stabilizing. The short - term price is expected to be volatile at a high level. The reference range for Shanghai copper is 78200 - 79200 yuan/ton, and for LME copper 3M is 9600 - 9800 US dollars/ton [9]. Aluminum - LME aluminum rose 0.12% to 2519 US dollars/ton. The short - term price is expected to continue to rebound, but the upward space is limited. The reference range for Shanghai aluminum is 20200 - 20480 yuan/ton, and for LME aluminum 3M is 2480 - 2540 US dollars/ton [10]. Zinc - Zinc ore is in surplus, and zinc smelter profits are rising. The social inventory of zinc ingots has decreased, and the decline of zinc prices has been repeated [11][12]. Lead - The downstream consumption of lead is weak, and the supply is increasing. It is expected that the lead price will continue to be weak [13]. Nickel - The short - term fundamentals of nickel have improved slightly, but it is still bearish in the long - term. It is advisable to short on rebounds. The reference range for Shanghai nickel is 115000 - 128000 yuan/ton, and for LME nickel 3M is 14500 - 16500 US dollars/ton [14]. Tin - The supply of tin is expected to be loose, but there is still uncertainty in the short - term. The short - term price is expected to be volatile. The reference range for the domestic main contract is 250000 - 270000 yuan/ton, and for overseas LME tin is 30000 - 33000 US dollars/ton [15]. Carbonate Lithium - The supply of carbonate lithium has increased, and the inventory has risen slightly. It is expected that the contract will be weakly volatile. The reference range for the Guangzhou Futures Exchange's 2507 contract is 59500 - 60900 yuan/ton [16]. Alumina - The alumina price is expected to be anchored by cost. It is recommended to short on rallies. The reference range for the domestic main contract AO2509 is 2750 - 3100 yuan/ton [17]. Stainless Steel - The price of stainless steel is expected to be slightly volatile in the short - term due to high inventory and weakening raw material prices [18]. Black Building Materials Steel Products - The prices of rebar and hot - rolled coils are in a downward trend. The demand for steel products is weak, and the export volume has declined. It is necessary to pay attention to tariff policies, demand recovery, and cost support [20]. Iron Ore - The iron ore price is expected to be weakly volatile in the short - term. The supply has increased, the demand has weakened marginally, and the inventory has increased [21]. Glass and Soda Ash - The glass price is expected to be weakly volatile in the medium - term due to the lack of significant improvement in real - estate demand. The soda ash supply is expected to be loose in the medium - term, and the price is expected to be weakly volatile [22][23]. Manganese Silicon and Ferrosilicon - Both manganese silicon and ferrosilicon are in a downward trend since February. It is not recommended to buy on the left - hand side. The decline is due to factors such as weak commodities, over - capacity, and cost reduction [24][25]. Industrial Silicon - The industrial silicon price is in a downward trend. It is due to over - capacity and weak demand. It is recommended to wait and see and not to buy on dips easily [29][30]. Energy and Chemicals Rubber - The rubber price has fallen due to a poor macro - environment. It is recommended to wait and see or use a neutral short - term trading strategy and pay attention to the band - trading opportunity of going long on RU2601 and short on RU2509 [33][37]. Crude Oil - The WTI and Brent crude oil futures rose. It is not recommended to short due to the uncertainty of the US - Iran negotiation. It is advisable to wait and see in the short - term [39]. Methanol - The methanol price has rebounded weakly. The supply is high, and the demand is weak. The price is expected to be weakly volatile [40]. Urea - The urea price has fallen due to high supply and weak demand. It is recommended to wait and see [41]. PVC - The PVC price is expected to be weakly volatile due to strong supply and weak demand. It is necessary to beware of the rebound if the weak export expectation is not fulfilled [42]. Ethylene Glycol - The ethylene glycol industry is in the de - stocking stage, but the inventory de - stocking is expected to slow down. There is a risk of valuation correction [43]. PTA - The PTA will continue to de - stock, and the processing fee is supported. It is expected to oscillate at the current valuation level [44]. p - Xylene - The PX is expected to slow down de - stocking in June and enter a new de - stocking cycle in the third quarter. It is expected to oscillate at the current valuation level [45]. Polyethylene (PE) - The PE price is expected to be volatile. The supply pressure will be relieved in June, and the demand is in the off - season [47]. Polypropylene (PP) - The PP price is expected to be bearish in June due to planned capacity expansion and weakening demand [48]. Agricultural Products Live Pigs - The domestic pig price is mainly stable with partial small declines. The near - month contract is expected to be volatile, and the far - month contract can be shorted on rallies [50]. Eggs - The egg price is mostly stable with partial weakening. The near - month contract can be shorted on rallies, and attention should be paid to the support of the far - month contract [51][52]. Soybean and Rapeseed Meal - The US soybean price has fallen. The domestic soybean meal supply pressure is increasing, but the inventory pressure is postponed. The new - year US soybean may be in the process of bottom - building. It is recommended to pay attention to the cost range of the 09 contract [53][54]. Oils and Fats - The palm oil price has support due to low inventory in some regions, but it is still under pressure if the production recovers rapidly. It is expected to be volatile [55][57]. Sugar - The sugar price has fallen. The international supply tension may have passed, and the domestic supply is expected to increase. The sugar price is likely to weaken in the future [58]. Cotton - The cotton price is expected to be volatile. The downstream start - up rate has not declined significantly, and the inventory is decreasing. The overall commodity market is still in a downward trend [59].

你有没有发现，只要美联储一眨眼，全世界都要跟着抖三抖？ 我昨天在地铁上刷到一个新闻，直接愣住。花旗说，美联储接下来要连着降息三次，每次25个基点，合起来75基点，时间线都列好了：9月、10月、12月各 来一次，然后2026年再补两刀。不是预测模糊喊口号，是直接写明了预计将降息75基点。这跟我们平时听那种可能或许完全不是一个语气，花旗是拿真金白 银押的判断。 你说，这是不是有点意思了？ 说白了，这轮降息风声，其实早就有苗头了。去年的9月18号，美联储四年来首次降息，直接砍了50个基点，把利率打回5%以下。当时不少人还在纳闷是不 是一次性骚操作，结果紧接着，东大也跟进，降息、降准一波操作猛如虎。直接把A股从2689点救到3674，差不多一周时间拉了快1000点。那时候不少人朋 友圈刷屏说ICU抬到舞池，虽然说得夸张点，但你去看K线是真实的。 再来看东大。如果你还记得去年9月的走势，就知道全球资本动向对A股的影响有多大。当时正是中美利差开始收窄，人民币压力缓解，外资一周净流入超 400亿。那波行情不只是技术反弹，背后其实是全球资金在找下一站收益地。而且讲真，去年那次反弹，很多人是后知后觉，等到3700才想进，结果又 ...

Group 1 - The market experienced a net inflow of funds, but trading activity decreased, with total A-share trading volume at 4.84 trillion yuan, down from the previous week, and turnover rate at 5.58%, also a decline from the prior week. The total net inflow of funds was 156.42 billion yuan, indicating stronger liquidity [7][8][19] - The domestic liquidity situation showed a net withdrawal of 671.7 billion yuan in open market operations, with DR007 and R007 rates declining, and the spread between R007 and DR007 narrowing. The yield on 10-year government bonds decreased by 2 basis points, while the yield on 1-year bonds fell by 4 basis points, leading to an expansion of the yield curve spread [10][11][18] Group 2 - The issuance scale of equity funds increased to 13.75 billion yuan, up from the previous week. The top three sectors for fund accumulation were electronics, communications, and computers, while the sectors with the largest reductions were food and beverage, household appliances, and transportation [21][24][28] - The net inflow of margin financing was 7.649 billion yuan, with margin trading accounting for 8.4% of total A-share trading volume. The total number of ETF shares decreased by 750 million, with the largest inflow seen in the broad index of the CSI 300 ETF [28][29][32] Group 3 - In the primary market, there were two IPOs raising 5.007 billion yuan, while no refinancing occurred. The total amount of restricted shares that became tradable was 28.758 billion yuan, with the electronics, biomedicine, and automotive sectors having the highest amounts of unlocked shares [37][41][42] - The report highlighted that industrial capital reduced holdings by 3.18 billion yuan, with non-bank financials, coal, and household appliances being the top sectors for increased holdings, while electronics, biomedicine, and machinery equipment saw the largest reductions [38][39]

2025 年 06 月 03 日 投资策略 流动性与仓位周观察——5 月第 4 期：资金净流入 ◼ 上证综合指数走势（近三年） (20%) (12%) (4%) 4% 12% 20% 24/6/3 24/8/15 24/10/27 25/1/8 25/3/22 25/6/3 证券分析师：张冬冬 产业资本：上周产业资本减持 36.9 亿元，纺织服饰、交通运输、汽 车增持前三；机械设备、电子、计算机减持前三。上周解禁规模 120.02 亿元，电子、计算机、通信解禁规模前三。 风险提示：1、市场波动过大；2、数据具有时滞性；3、历史数据不 代表未来。 太 平 洋 证 券 股 份 有 限 公 司 证 券 研 究 报 告 E-MAIL：zhangdd@tpyzq.com 分析师登记编号：S1190522040001 证券分析师：吴步升 E-MAIL：wubs@tpyzq.com 分析师登记编号：S1190524110002 资金净流入，交投活跃度下降。上周全 A 成交额 5.47 万亿，较前一 周下降，换手率 6.49%，较前一周下降，融资供给端中基金、ETF 净流入， 两融净流出；资金需求端 IPO 规模为 6.04 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the Hang Seng Index is expected to trend upward in the second half of the year, driven by new stimulus policies from mainland China, with a target price of 25,000 points and reduced overall volatility [1] - The widening interest rate differential between China and the US has historically pressured Hong Kong stocks, but this trend has reversed in recent years, with the recent increase in the differential coinciding with a rise in Hong Kong stocks [1] - The current valuation of the Hang Seng Index is considered reasonable, with an average dividend yield of 3.9% and a price-to-earnings ratio of 10.6 times, both near historical averages [1] Group 2 - There has been a significant inflow of mainland funds into Hong Kong stocks, with over HKD 575.5 billion net inflow as of May 9 this year, driven by the higher dividend yield of Hong Kong stocks compared to declining long-term bond yields in mainland China [1] - The inflow of international funds into Hong Kong stocks has primarily come from Southeast Asia and some European and American funds, with expectations of further inflows if US-China relations improve and the Chinese economy remains stable [2] - Key sectors to watch in the second half include domestic consumption, innovative technology, new energy vehicles, and traditional thermal power, as more stimulus policies targeting daily consumer spending are anticipated [2]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - The recent rise in US Treasury yields is driven by concerns about US fiscal sustainability, inflation expectations pushed up by US tariff policies, and a weakening demand for US Treasuries. Moody's downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating has caused short - term upward pressure on yields, and the US tariff policy has increased short - term inflation risks, with the 1 - year inflation expectation reaching 7.3% in May. The demand for US Treasuries has weakened, especially in the long - term bond primary market, leading to a steeper yield curve [2][10][15]. - The impact of rising US Treasury yields on the domestic bond market is limited. The domestic bond market is mainly driven by domestic demand and is expected to be moderately strong with an oscillatory trend. Domestic institutions are the main players in the domestic bond market, and the monetary policy is domestically focused and expected to remain loose [3][24]. - In the bond market trading strategy, the approach of taking profits on price increases and adding positions on price drops is recommended. Attention can be paid to the allocation value of 6 - 7 - year China Development Bank bonds. Currently, the new 10 - year China Development Bank bonds and new 30 - year Treasury bonds are more cost - effective, and the new - old bond spread of the 30 - year Treasury bond 2500002 is expected to widen further [4][27][28]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 1. Reasons, Outlook, and Impact of the Rise in US Treasury Yields - **Reasons for the Rise in US Treasury Yields** - Moody's downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating has increased market concerns about US debt risks, causing short - term upward pressure on yields [2][10]. - The US tariff policy has increased short - term inflation risks. The uncertainty of the policy has pushed up the inflation expectations of the US household sector, with the 1 - year inflation expectation reaching 7.3% in May, making it difficult for long - term Treasury yields to decline [2][10]. - The demand for US Treasuries has weakened. The primary market subscription enthusiasm has declined, especially for long - term bonds. As of May 9, the subscription multiple of long - term Treasury bonds in May dropped to 1.97 times from 2.33 times in April, and the weaker long - end subscription sentiment has steepened the yield curve [15]. - **Outlook for US Treasury Yields** - In the short term, US Treasury yields are expected to oscillate at a high level. The high uncertainty of the US tariff policy, persistent inflation expectations, concerns about US fiscal sustainability, and weakening demand for US Treasuries make it difficult for yields to decline. However, the pressure for a significant further increase in yields is controllable due to the possibility of Fed rate cuts and a weakening US economy [24]. - **Impact on the Domestic Bond Market** - The impact of rising US Treasury yields on the domestic bond market is limited. Domestic institutions are the main players in the domestic bond market, and the monetary policy is domestically focused and expected to remain loose. The domestic bond market is expected to be moderately strong with an oscillatory trend [3][24]. 2. Bond Market Trading Strategies - Adopt the strategy of taking profits on price increases and adding positions on price drops [4][27]. - Focus on the allocation value of 6 - 7 - year China Development Bank bonds [4][27]. - The new 10 - year China Development Bank bonds and new 30 - year Treasury bonds are more cost - effective. The 30 - year Treasury bond 2500002 has become an active bond after its listing, and its new - old bond spread is expected to widen further as there are still 3 additional issuances planned [4][27][28].

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the theoretical basis and operational mechanisms of carry trade and reverse carry trade, asserting that broad carry trade behaviors exist in China, while foreign investors engage in reverse carry trade, which is significantly correlated with the scale of the Bond Connect program. The future of carry trade is constrained by the convergence of Sino-US interest rate differentials, increased global exchange rate volatility, and the boundary effects of policy regulation [1]. Group 1: Overview of Carry Trade - Carry trade is a typical foreign exchange trading strategy in international financial markets, leveraging differences in monetary policies across countries to achieve higher investment returns [2]. - There are two main operational modes of carry trade: unhedged basic carry trade and risk-mitigated carry trade, with the latter using derivatives to reduce exchange rate risk [2][3]. - The risk of currency mismatch in carry trade depends on exchange rate volatility and market liquidity, with financing currencies characterized by low interest rates, low exchange rate volatility, and high foreign exchange liquidity [3]. Group 2: Analysis of RMB Carry Trade - In 2024, the People's Bank of China is expected to enhance counter-cyclical adjustments, leading to a decrease in RMB funding rates, making RMB a viable financing currency for carry trade [4]. - The interest rate differential between China and the US has provided a conducive environment for RMB carry trade, with the 2024 interest rate differential projected to be between 250 to 350 basis points [5]. - The RMB exchange rate is expected to remain stable, with a narrow trading range, indicating resilience and a lack of unilateral appreciation or depreciation expectations [5]. Group 3: Market Behavior and Trends - In 2024, the bank's customer settlement rate was 62.3%, indicating a stable preference for currency exchange, while the foreign currency deposit scale increased significantly, reflecting a growing willingness for broad carry trade [6]. - The issuance of foreign currency wealth management products surged, particularly in USD, indicating strong investor interest in carry trade strategies [7]. Group 4: Analysis of Reverse Carry Trade - In 2024, overseas investors engaged in reverse carry trade by increasing their holdings of low-yield RMB assets, with the Bond Connect program showing a significant increase in foreign institutional holdings [8]. - The reverse carry trade is characterized by negative interest differential and exchange rate gains, with a notable correlation between the profitability of this strategy and the scale of foreign holdings in RMB bonds [9]. Group 5: Future Outlook for RMB Carry Trade - The future of both forward and reverse RMB carry trade will be influenced by multiple factors, including macroeconomic fundamentals, national economic policies, interest rate differentials, and global political and financial environments [10]. - The expected further reduction in US interest rates may compress the profitability of RMB forward carry trade while increasing uncertainty in reverse carry trade returns [10]. - The rising volatility in exchange rates and the need for effective policy regulation will be critical in shaping the landscape for RMB carry trade [11][12].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the industry investment rating in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - After the double - rate cut, the short - end of the bond market declined by 5bp. The mid - short end of the bond market showed a significant decline, with the 1Y Treasury bond yield dropping to 1.40%. The long - end was volatile, and the yield curve steepened slightly. The focus in the future may be on the buying power of large banks and the amount of funds lent out [2][11]. - Small and medium - sized banks + foreign capital, money market funds, and mutual funds were the main driving forces for the decline in the yields of Treasury bonds, China Development Bank bonds, credit bonds, and certificates of deposit this week [3][11]. - The bond market leverage ratio continued to fluctuate at a low level, rising to 106.70% overall. However, mutual funds increased leverage, and the long - and medium - term bond fund duration decreased overall. Currently, non - bank institutions may prefer leverage strategies and maintain a neutral attitude towards duration [3][12]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 This Week's Institutional Behavior Review - In terms of interest - rate bonds, rural commercial banks and foreign capital were the main driving forces for short - term Treasury bonds, with a net purchase of over 10 billion yuan of Treasury bonds under 1Y this week. Rural commercial banks adopted a barbell - shaped allocation. Money market funds were the main force for increasing the allocation of policy - financial bonds, and insurance institutions continued to increase their allocation of local bonds in the secondary market [2][11]. - In terms of credit bonds and certificates of deposit, non - bank institutions bought a large number of certificates of deposit in the secondary market, with 8 out of 12 types of institutions having net purchases. Mutual funds increased their allocation of 1 - 3Y medium - term notes and increased their buying of Tier 2 capital bonds, with the buying volume of other types of bonds approaching 50 billion yuan this week [3][11]. 3.2 Bond Market Yield Curve and Term Spread 3.2.1 Yield Curve - Treasury bond yields generally declined. The 1Y yield decreased by 4bp, the 3Y by 1bp, the 5Y by 2bp, the 7Y by 1bp, while the 10Y, 15Y, and 30Y yields increased by 1bp, 1bp, and 2bp respectively. In terms of quantiles, the 1Y dropped to the 10% quantile, the 3Y remained at the 6% quantile, etc. [13]. - China Development Bank bond yields also generally declined. The 1Y yield decreased by 9bp, the 3Y by 5bp, the 5Y by 2bp, the 7Y by 3bp, while the 10Y, 15Y, and 30Y yields increased by 1bp, 1bp, and 2bp respectively. In terms of quantiles, the 1Y dropped to the 5% quantile, the 3Y to the 3% quantile, etc. [13]. 3.2.2 Term Spread - For Treasury bonds, the interest - rate spread showed a differentiated trend, and the term spread widened overall. The 1Y - DR001 spread inverted more deeply by 3bp, while the 1Y - DR007 spread inverted less deeply by 13bp. Other term spreads also had different changes in widening or narrowing [15]. - For China Development Bank bonds, the interest - rate spread inversion eased, and the term spread widened overall. The 1Y - DR001 spread inverted less deeply by 20bp, and the 1Y - DR007 spread inverted less deeply by 17bp. Other term spreads also had corresponding changes [16]. 3.3 Bond Market Leverage and Funding Situation 3.3.1 Leverage Ratio - From May 6th to May 9th, 2025, the leverage ratio first increased and then decreased during the week. As of May 9th, the leverage ratio was about 106.70%, up 0.03pct from last Friday and down 0.13pct from Monday [19]. 3.3.2 Average Daily Turnover of Pledged Repurchase - The average daily turnover of pledged repurchase increased compared with last week. From May 6th to May 9th, the average daily turnover of pledged repurchase was about 6.8 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.1 trillion yuan compared with last week. The average overnight proportion was 85.79% [26][27]. 3.3.3 Funding Situation - From May 6th to May 9th, the lending of bank - based funds continued to increase. The net lending of large banks and policy banks on May 9th was 3.26 trillion yuan, and the average daily net lending of joint - stock banks and rural commercial banks was 0.02 trillion yuan, with a net lending of 0.09 trillion yuan on May 9th. The main fund borrowers were mutual funds, and the lending of money market funds continued to decline [31]. - DR007 and R007 continued to decline. As of May 9th, R007 was 1.58%, down 0.26pct from last Friday; DR007 was 1.54%, down 0.26pct from last Friday; the spread between R007 and DR007 was 3.96bp. 1YFR007 and 5YFR007 also continued to decline [31][32]. 3.4 Duration of Long - and Medium - Term Bond Funds - The median duration of long - and medium - term bond funds decreased to 2.74 years (de - leveraged) and 2.99 years (leveraged). On May 9th, the median duration (de - leveraged) was 2.74 years, down 0.06 years from last Friday; the median duration (leveraged) was 2.99 years, down 0.1 years from last Friday [41][43]. - In terms of different types of bond funds, the median duration of interest - rate bond funds (leveraged) increased to 3.78 years, up 0.03 years from last Friday; the median duration of credit bond funds (leveraged) decreased to 2.67 years, down 0.12 years from last Friday. The median duration of interest - rate bond funds (de - leveraged) was 3.36 years, down 0.01 years from last Friday; the median duration of credit bond funds (de - leveraged) was 2.57 years, down 0.05 years from last Friday [48]. 3.5 Comparison of Category Strategies - Sino - US yield spread: The overall inversion deepened. The 1Y spread inverted more deeply by 24bp, the 2Y by 30bp, the 3Y by 28bp, the 5Y by 30bp, the 7Y by 26bp, the 10Y by 19bp, and the 30Y by 15bp [52]. - Implied tax rate: It narrowed overall. As of May 9th, the spread between China Development Bank bonds and Treasury bonds narrowed by 5bp for 1Y, 4bp for 3Y, less than 1bp for 5Y, 2bp for 7Y, and 1bp for 10Y [53]. 3.6 Changes in Bond Lending Balance - On May 9th, the concentration trend of lending of active 10Y Treasury bonds increased, while the concentration trends of lending of less - active 10Y Treasury bonds, active 10Y China Development Bank bonds, less - active 10Y China Development Bank bonds, and active 30Y Treasury bonds decreased [54].