Core Points - The People's Bank of China announced a decrease in the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) for both 1-year and 5-year terms, with the 1-year LPR at 3.0% and the 5-year LPR at 3.5%, both down by 10 basis points from the previous period [1] - Multiple banks have also lowered their RMB deposit rates, which is expected to stabilize the net interest margin of commercial banks and effectively reduce the overall financing costs for the real economy [1][3] Group 1: LPR and Deposit Rate Adjustments - The recent LPR decrease aligns with market expectations, as the new monetary policy framework positions the 7-day reverse repurchase rate as the primary policy rate, facilitating the transmission of interest rates from short to long [2] - The reduction in LPR is anticipated to lead to a more significant decrease in loan rates for enterprises and residents, thereby lowering financing costs and promoting investment and consumption [2] - The simultaneous reduction in deposit rates by major banks, including the six largest state-owned banks, is a proactive measure to maintain stable interest margins amid historically low financing costs [3] Group 2: Economic Implications and Future Outlook - The average interest rate for newly issued corporate loans in April was approximately 3.2%, down about 4 basis points from the previous month and 50 basis points year-on-year, while the average rate for personal housing loans was around 3.1%, down 55 basis points year-on-year [3] - Experts suggest that if economic growth pressures increase in the second half of the year, there may be further room for LPR reductions, although expectations should be tempered regarding the pace and magnitude of future rate changes [4] - The current focus is on stabilizing interest margins and ensuring the sustainable operation of banks, with potential for further LPR declines if effective demand does not improve significantly [4]

人民银行5月14日发布的金融数据显示，今年前4个月金融总量数据持续向好，4月末M2(广义货币)余额 增速同比大幅增长8%，比上月末高1个百分点，既与去年低基数因素相关，也反映出央行逆周期调节和 金融稳经济效果持续显现。 去年4月以来，央行通过规范手工补息、优化金融业增加值核算等，主动为金融业"挤水分"，去年4月末 M2增速因此回落。随着低基数效应的递减，未来M2增速将恢复到正常增长水平。 业内专家认为，在去年较大力度的金融数据"挤水分"后，过去相当一部分虚增的、不规范的存贷款被压 缩，金融总量数据增长更稳更实。 同时，相较去年同期，今年前4个月存款向理财分流的情况也明显减少，部分资金还从理财回流到存款 账户。债券收益率变动对货币总量有较大影响。去年1—4月债券收益率快速下行，对应的理财产品收益 率随之上行，居民购买理财的热情升温，出现大量存款"搬家"到理财产品的情况，影响当时M2增速。 短期来看，M2增速会受市场运行、经济主体行为等因素影响，出现暂时性波动。业内专家指出，M2增 速宜作为货币政策的观测性指标。随着金融深化和经济结构转型，市场研究表明货币总量与经济增长的 相关性在减弱。 今年前4个月，人民币贷款 ...

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - The monetary policy continues to be "moderately loose" and shifts its focus towards stabilizing growth. Given the increasing external shocks and the need to consolidate the domestic economic recovery, further monetary policy easing can be expected [2][26]. - Multiple quantitative monetary policy tools are continuously used to maintain sufficient liquidity, and the credit resources are mainly directed towards the "Five Major Articles", "consumption", and "stabilizing foreign trade". Price - based tools are still restricted by the net interest margin, and financial institutions may be guided to price rationally [2][26]. - With the increasing downward pressure on the US economy and the weakening of the US dollar's safe - haven property, the pressure on the exchange rate to restrict monetary policy has eased [2][9]. - In the bond market, due to the need for stabilizing growth, the capital market may become looser, and bond yields still have room to decline. The central bank plans to innovate and launch a "technology board" in the bond market to guide bond funds to the innovation field more efficiently [2][26]. - In terms of credit, the short - term credit risk may increase due to the uncertainty of the external environment, and attention should be paid to the progress of trade frictions, the sustainability of economic recovery, and the frequency and intensity of policy repairs [3][27]. 3. Summary by Directory Policy Tone - The monetary policy in Q1 2025 continues the tone of the Central Economic Work Conference and the Politburo Meeting, emphasizing "flexibility" in policy implementation [8]. - Although the domestic economy started well in Q1, affected by the US tariff policy since April, the domestic export has been frustrated. At the same time, the weakening of the US dollar's safe - haven property has eased the exchange - rate pressure on monetary policy. The domestic monetary policy will still be "moderately loose" and strengthen counter - cyclical adjustment [9]. Interest Rates - The Q1 report adds the statement of "reducing the bank's liability - side cost". With the adjustment of the MLF operation mechanism, the policy rate system has changed, and it is expected that the deposit rate will decline following the loan rate [10][12]. - In Q1 2025, the weighted average interest rate of new loans issued by financial institutions decreased. The central bank advocates promoting the decline of the comprehensive financing cost of SMEs by clarifying various financing costs [13]. Liquidity - The Q1 report aims to maintain sufficient liquidity. In the short - term, the capital market has changed from a tight - balance to a loose state. In the medium - and long - term, the central bank has adjusted various tools to supplement the capital gap. The reduction of the deposit - reserve ratio in May will release long - term liquidity and relieve the bank's net interest - margin pressure [15][16]. - The central bank has suspended the treasury - bond trading operation in Q1 and may resume it under specific conditions [17]. Credit - The Q1 report emphasizes increasing credit supply and guiding more credit resources to key areas and weak links. In addition to the previous areas, it also highlights "stabilizing foreign trade" [19][21]. - Structural monetary policies will focus on the "Five Major Articles", consumption, and stabilizing foreign trade [21]. Bond Market Mechanism - The Q1 report proposes to innovate and launch a "technology board" in the bond market, which will help guide bond funds to the innovation field more efficiently and solve existing problems in the science - innovation bond market [22][23]. - The central bank emphasizes strengthening investors' interest - rate risk management and points out that the pricing efficiency and risk - management ability of the bond market need to be improved [24].

Group 1: Market Performance - As of May 8, 2025, the Guokai ETF (159650) rose by 0.05%, reaching a historical high of 106.72 yuan, with a trading volume of 8.14 billion yuan and a turnover rate of 26.92% [3] - Over the past week, the average daily trading volume of the Guokai ETF was 10.74 billion yuan [3] - The Guokai ETF has seen a net inflow of 87.63 million yuan over the last seven trading days [4] Group 2: Policy Impact - The People's Bank of China announced a series of monetary policy measures, including interest rate cuts and the expansion of structural tools, which exceeded market expectations [3] - Following the policy rate cuts, the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) and deposit rates are expected to decline, stabilizing bank interest margins [3] Group 3: Fund Performance - The Guokai ETF's net asset value increased by 5.53% over the past two years, with a historical monthly gain probability of 87.88% [4] - The fund has experienced a maximum drawdown of 0.43% this year, which is the smallest among comparable funds [5] - The management fee for the Guokai ETF is 0.15%, and the custody fee is 0.05%, making it the lowest among comparable funds [5]

2025 年 5 月 7 日 总量研究 三类十项一揽子政策超预期 ——2025 年 5 月 7 日利率债观察 要点 1、三类十项一揽子政策超预期 在今日（注：2025 年 5 月 7 日）召开的新闻会上，潘功胜行长"一口气"公布 了包括降准、降息在内的三类十项一揽子货币政策措施，这大大地超出了市场的 预期。有些投资者猜到了今日会有政策出台，但大概率想不到政策能有十项之多， 且既有数量型的，又有价格型的，还有结构型的。有些投资者猜到了今日会有"结 构性降息"，但大概率想不到所有结构性货币政策工具利率都会下调 25bp，更 想不到更为关键的 OMO 利率（及与其联动的临时正、逆回购和 SLF 利率）也会 下调 10bp。 近期外部冲击影响加大，我国经济持续回升向好的基础还需要进一步稳固。在此 背景下，4 月 25 日召开的政治局会议要求"既定政策早出台早见效，根据形势 变化及时推出增量储备政策，加强超常规逆周期调节，全力巩固经济发展和社会 稳定的基本面"。显然，今日一揽子政策措施的出台是货币当局对政治局会议精 神雷厉风行的落实。 "适时降准降息"对债市有何影响？——2025 年 4 月 25 日利率债观察 一揽子 ...