Core Viewpoint - The agreement between BHP and China Mineral Resources Group to settle iron ore trades in RMB marks a significant shift in global commodity pricing, granting China pricing power for iron ore, which is one of the largest traded commodities globally [1][3]. Group 1: Historical Context - China's rapid development and increasing demand for iron ore have led to a reliance on Australian iron ore, despite cheaper alternatives from Brazil and Africa, due to the superior quality of Australian products [3]. - For nearly a decade, China has been subjected to BHP's unilateral pricing system, which has been perceived as unfair, yet China had little choice but to comply due to its massive purchasing needs [3][4]. Group 2: Recent Developments - The end of China's real estate boom, combined with global economic downturns and advancements in iron extraction technology, has empowered China to demand RMB settlements for iron ore [4]. - Initially, BHP resisted this demand, claiming it would not significantly impact their operations, but within a week, they conceded to China's demands for RMB settlements starting in Q4 2025 [4][6]. Group 3: Strategic Moves - The establishment of China Mineral Resources Group in 2022 has allowed for a more organized and strategic approach to iron ore procurement, moving away from fragmented negotiations among Chinese steel companies [6]. - BHP's decision to compromise was influenced by the recognition of China's importance as a major customer, especially in light of the struggles faced by other agricultural sectors globally [6].

对于印度经济而言，眼前的利益清晰而直接：印度大约85%的原油依赖进口，而如今俄罗斯石油已占到 印度进口总量的40%以上，远高于冲突前的不到2%。更具吸引力的是价格优势——俄罗斯石油每桶的 价格比布伦特原油便宜近10美元，比沙特阿拉伯的原油也低超过5美元。据此计算，印度每年可以节省 大约300亿美元的开支，还可以将加工后的成品油出口到欧洲，从中赚取可观的差价。 俄乌冲突爆发后，莫斯科遭遇了前所未有的金融封锁，其严酷程度如同冰雹般密集。为了在困境中求 生，俄罗斯加速推进"去美元化"进程，先后尝试了多种结算方案，最终选择了人民币。这一选择的逻辑 显而易见：人民币具备充足的流动性，换汇便捷，能够有效规避西方国家的金融制裁，更重要的是，俄 罗斯几乎可以通过人民币在国际市场上购买到所需的全部设备和物资。 反观新德里，曾经试图推行"石油卢比"结算机制，即俄罗斯收取卢比后，再用这些卢比购买印度商品。 然而，由于卢比贬值幅度过大，且流动性不足，俄罗斯对卢比结算兴趣索然，这一计划最终搁浅。经历 了这次尝试后，莫斯科更加坚定了"只认人民币"的立场。 俄罗斯官方也毫不掩饰其战略意图。在圣彼得堡国际经济论坛上，俄罗斯央行官员公开表示， ...

二、印度从"美元铁粉"到"人民币玩家"：全因贪便宜惹的祸？ 最近国际石油圈出了个大新闻：印度这个"油老板"，居然开始用人民币给俄罗斯石油公司结账了！而且不是小打小闹，是印度最大的炼 油厂——印度石油公司（IOC）亲自下场，大手一挥付了好几笔人民币。这事儿一出来，最坐不住的不是别人，正是天天喊着"美国优 先"的特朗普，气得直接给印度加了50%的关税。 为啥印度买个油，特朗普反应这么大？这背后，藏着美元霸权60年来最危险的裂缝——连印度这种"骑墙派"都开始绕开美元，改用人民 币结算石油了。咱们就来聊聊，这事儿到底是怎么发生的？人民币又是怎么意外成了俄印石油交易的"香饽饽"？ 一、美国把俄罗斯逼急了，反而给人民币"开了路" 故事得从2022年俄乌冲突说起。当时美国带着西方盟友，对俄罗斯搞了一波"美元绞杀"：禁止俄罗斯用美元交易、冻结人家4000亿美元 外汇储备，甚至把俄主要银行踢出SWIFT结算系统。简单说，就是想让俄罗斯手里的美元变成废纸，外贸彻底瘫痪。 这招确实狠，俄罗斯一度连卖石油都收不到钱。但美国人千算万算没料到，"极限施压"反而把俄罗斯逼上了"去美元化"的绝路。既然美 元用不了，那就找别的货币！找谁呢？人 ...

Group 1 - The current Chinese stock market exhibits a structural slow bull characteristic, indicating a foundation for a slow bull market [1] - Key driving factors for the positive market trend include a low interest rate environment, implementation of institutional reforms, accelerated institutional entry of long-term capital, and marginal improvement in profitability [1] - The deepening reform of the capital market is transforming it from a financing-focused model to a balanced investment and financing model centered around hard technology and new productive forces [2] Group 2 - The ongoing A+H listing trend is expected to attract international capital inflow as more outstanding Chinese companies list in Hong Kong, benefiting the internationalization of the Renminbi [2] - The introduction of long-term and professional institutional investors, such as public funds, insurance funds, and pension funds, is expected to enhance the rationality of stock pricing and overall stability of stock market valuations [2] - The current environment increases the range of selectable companies for investors while also complicating the process of distinguishing quality companies, which is beneficial for bottom-up selection by institutional investors [2]

前言 最近，一则由路透社独家披露的消息，在全球能源市场掀起了不小的波澜。据报道，俄罗斯的石油贸易商已经开始正式要求印度方面，必须使用人民币来支 付他们购买的石油。 这个消息的核心执行方，是印度最大的炼油企业——印度石油公司。据称，该公司已经悄悄地用人民币结算了两到三批来自俄罗斯的石油货款。虽然官方尚 未对此做出任何回应，但水面下的变化，已经清晰地浮现了出来。 这背后，远不止是换一种货币那么简单，而是一场关乎生存、发展与大国博弈的深刻变局。它揭示了在今天的国际格局下，传统的交易规则正在如何被悄然 改写。 在西方严厉的金融制裁大网下，任何一笔美元交易都可能被瞬间冻结或拦截，对于急于规避制裁的俄罗斯来说，美元不再是硬通货，而是一副随时可能锁死 的沉重"枷锁"。 美国的金融霸权，让它能像开了天眼一样监控着全球的美元流动，这让俄罗斯的每一笔交易都毫无隐私可言，无异于将自己的经济命脉暴露在对手的眼皮底 下。 而印度的本币卢比，情况则更为尴尬，在制裁初期，为了稳住石油出口，俄罗斯曾被迫接受印度用卢比结算，结果，俄罗斯央行手里很快就堆积了山一样多 的卢比储备。 这些钱，拿着烫手，花却花不出去，卢比的国际购买力有限，俄罗斯拿着 ...

Core Insights - The geopolitical landscape has shifted, with China emerging as a key player in the global supply chain for critical materials like chips, batteries, and minerals, despite Western sanctions against Russia [1][5][11] - The reliance on Chinese materials has become evident, as Western countries, despite their initial intentions to "decouple," find themselves dependent on China for essential resources [3][5][11] Group 1: Supply Chain Dynamics - China holds a dominant position in the supply of critical raw materials, with over 70% market share in batteries and key minerals by early 2025 [3][5] - The U.S. and Europe have attempted to impose tariffs on Chinese products, but these measures have not effectively curtailed China's supply capabilities, as materials continue to flow through alternative routes [3][11][15] - The global energy landscape has also shifted, with China becoming the largest buyer of Russian oil, accounting for 40% of Russia's total exports by 2024 [7][9] Group 2: Economic Impact - The sanctions against Russia have inadvertently benefited China, allowing it to secure energy resources at discounted prices while European countries face rising energy costs [7][9][20] - The transition to using the Chinese yuan for trade with Russia marks a significant shift in the international financial landscape, diminishing the dominance of the U.S. dollar [9][20] - By early 2025, China's economic growth contribution to the global economy is projected to exceed one-third, highlighting its pivotal role in global economic recovery [20][22] Group 3: Technological and Industrial Leadership - Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers have maintained a competitive edge in technology and cost, despite increased tariffs from the U.S. and Europe [11][13][16] - The rapid penetration of Chinese products in various sectors, including renewable energy, has outpaced expectations, leading to a reliance on Chinese supply chains [13][16][18] - China's strategy of expanding its industrial footprint globally, with investments in production facilities across Southeast Asia and Europe, further solidifies its position as a manufacturing powerhouse [15][16] Group 4: Geopolitical Influence - China's role has evolved from being merely a manufacturing hub to becoming a stabilizing force in international relations, as evidenced by its mediation in Middle Eastern conflicts [17][22] - The ongoing geopolitical tensions have led to a reconfiguration of trade networks, with China actively participating in regional cooperation initiatives like RCEP and the Belt and Road Initiative [22][23] - The perception of China as a "global engine" rather than just a "global factory" reflects its growing influence in shaping international trade and economic policies [16][18][23]

你见过钢铁是怎样炼成的吗？但你可能不知道，全球钢铁产业链背后，正在上演一场比炼钢更激烈的货币战争。当中国宣布暂停采购必和必拓铁矿石时，澳 大利亚总理阿尔巴尼斯"破防"的反应背后，藏着怎样的惊天秘密？ 这次中方暂停的只是以美元计价的必和必拓铁矿石，已经到港的矿石仍可以人民币结算。这个微妙区别暴露了真实意图——中国要在大宗商品领域撕开美元 霸权的口子。 中俄铁矿石贸易已有45%采用人民币结算，巴西也开辟了人民币结算通道。一条全新的"钢铁丝绸之路"正在形成：俄罗斯的铁矿+巴西的港口+中国的人民币 支付系统。这条不需要航母护航的贸易路线，正悄悄改写全球资源贸易规则。 多元布局下的战略底气 中国敢对澳大利亚说"不"的底气，来自于日益完善的全球资源布局。俄罗斯290亿吨高品位铁矿、非洲新兴矿区、巴西淡水河谷的深度合作，构建了多元化 的供应网络。就像高手下棋，中国已经在全球资源棋盘上布下了多个活眼。 与此同时，国内废钢回收体系的完善、电弧炉炼钢技术的突破，让中国对进口铁矿的依赖度持续下降。这场博弈不再是简单的买方卖方关系，而是综合国力 的全面较量。 当铁矿石开始用人民币计价，美元就失去了最重要的支柱之一。中国这招"围点打援 ...

新华财经雅加达10月9日电（记者冯钰林）中国银行雅加达分行依托中国银行（香港），参与香港金融 管理局"人民币业务资金安排"，于9日启动当日即作出资金安排，为进口企业ITG POINTER叙做新安排 下的首笔人民币贸易融资业务，标志着印尼市场在应用香港离岸人民币资金、支持人民币跨境结算和融 资方面迈出重要一步。 10月9日，在中国人民银行的支持下，香港金融管理局运用货币互换协议推出的升级版"人民币业务资金 安排"首阶段正式生效。该安排简化了银行与金管局的交易机制，为中资企业及本地客户提供更灵活的 融资期限选择，并允许参与银行通过其同集团的海外银行机构开展人民币贸易融资业务，进一步便利区 域内企业使用人民币结算与融资，降低融资成本，提升资金效率。 近年来，印尼企业与中国及东盟区域的经贸往来日益频繁，企业对跨境人民币结算和融资的需求不断上 升。作为中银集团在印尼的重要布局，雅加达分行充分发挥中银集团全球化网络和香港离岸人民币市场 的枢纽作用，为中资企业及本地客户提供人民币押汇、出口融资等多种跨境金融服务，满足企业在进出 口贸易和区域产业链合作中的资金需求。 中行雅加达分行表示，将以此次"人民币业务资金安排"为契机， ...

中新网雅加达10月9日电 (记者 李志全)9日，印尼进口企业ITG POINTER通过中国银行(香港)有限公司雅 加达分行安排叙做一笔人民币贸易融资业务。该笔业务是香港金融管理局升级版"人民币业务资金安 排"下在印尼市场的首单人民币贸易融资，开创了印尼市场应用香港离岸人民币资金、支持人民币跨境 结算和融资的先河。 作为中银集团在印尼的重要布局，雅加达分行依托中国银行(香港)总部区域一体化服务优势，将以此 次"人民币业务资金安排"为契机，充分发挥中银集团全球化网络和香港离岸人民币市场的枢纽作用，为 印尼企业拓展国际市场、提升资金管理效率提供有力支持，助力企业把握人民币国际化新机遇，共同推 动中印尼经贸合作再上新台阶。(完)【编辑:李润泽】 近年来，印尼企业与中国及东盟区域的经贸往来日益频繁，企业对跨境人民币结算和融资的需求不断上 升。在中国人民银行的支持下，香港金融管理局最新的"人民币业务资金安排"允许参与机构将获得的人 民币资金转贷给其海外集团内银行机构，用于支持企业客户的人民币贸易融资需求，进一步便利人民币 在东南亚区域内的结算与融资应用。 ...

Group 1 - China, as the world's largest iron ore importer, has previously overpaid due to the influence of international miners setting the Platts price [1] - In 2024, the landed price of Australian ore is expected to be several dozen dollars per ton higher than West African ore, with dollar settlements exposing steel companies to unnecessary exchange rate risks [1] - Hebei Steel Group's iron ore payments in RMB exceeded 2.4 billion yuan in 2024, a year-on-year increase of 25%, highlighting the advantages of RMB settlements [1] Group 2 - China and Australia have completed the integration of the RMB settlement system for wool and barley trade, with the first batch of 20,000 tons of barley shipped using RMB payments [3] - The internationalization of the RMB is steadily advancing, and more trade is expected to adopt RMB settlements in the future [3] Group 3 - Confidence in achieving goals is emphasized, with expectations that more countries and international enterprises will join the use of RMB settlements [6] - The internationalization of the RMB will continue to progress, enhancing its importance on the global stage and establishing it as a significant currency for global trade settlements [6]