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宏观投资,必读10篇!(申万宏观·赵伟团队)
申万宏源宏观· 2025-09-21 16:03
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of macroeconomic trends and their impact on various asset classes, highlighting key insights on gold, currency exchange rates, and bond markets throughout 2025 [2]. Group 1: Gold Market Insights - The analysis on January 2, 2025, indicates a bullish outlook on gold, suggesting that the acceleration of U.S. Treasury bond maturities may lead global central banks to increase gold purchases [3]. - The article notes that investment demand for gold in Europe and the U.S. is expected to accelerate in the latter half of the year [3]. Group 2: Currency and Exchange Rates - On January 16, 2025, the article discusses the resilience of the Renminbi (RMB), attributing it to the central bank's counter-cyclical adjustments and domestic economic strength, despite widespread expectations of depreciation [4]. - The analysis on July 8, 2025, differentiates between a weak dollar and the concept of "de-dollarization," suggesting that anticipated interest rate cuts may support a temporary strengthening of the dollar index [9]. Group 3: Bond Market Dynamics - The March 17, 2025, commentary warns against a linear bullish mindset in the bond market, indicating that asset allocation strategies may be shifting [5]. - The article highlights the potential for a rebalancing of investment strategies in the bond market, moving away from traditional linear thinking [5]. Group 4: Policy and Economic Signals - The article from May 11, 2025, points to positive signals from policy developments, suggesting that trade negotiations and financial pressures may prompt the Federal Reserve to adopt a more dovish stance [6]. - The June 15, 2025, analysis draws parallels between the current economic environment in Hong Kong and previous periods, suggesting that a weaker Hong Kong dollar and low interest rates could benefit the Hong Kong stock market [7]. Group 5: Market Behavior and Trends - The August 16, 2025, piece notes that inflation pressures have eased, leading the market to focus on the "weak balance" in the U.S. labor market, with a shift towards interest rate cut trades and capital inflows into the U.S. [10]. - The article concludes with a cautionary note regarding gold prices, indicating that market expectations for multiple interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve may already be priced in, contrasting with the bullish sentiment in the A-share market [11].
墙倒众人推?多国狂抛美债,中方又减257亿,特朗普硬气不起来了
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-21 11:54
美债的天花板还在抬高,但脚下的地基似乎开始松动,美国财政部最新发布的TIC报告显示,外国投资者持有美债总额达9.16万亿美元,创下历史新高。 这场"你卖我买"的分裂局面,真正击中了一个关键问题:在高利率、高赤字、地缘博弈频发的美国当下,美债还算是"安全资产"吗? 而当中方开始连月减持、黄金不断加仓,特朗普嘴硬也遮不住全球对美国财政失控的集体焦虑。 看似华丽的总量增长,其实水分不少,7月美债价格普遍回落,债券市值缩水,导致部分持仓变化更像是估值浮动,而非市场真金白银的流入。 也就是说,这9.16万亿美元的"历史新高",并不是各国争相买进的结果,而是价格起落带来的"账面繁荣"。 更有意思的是,买债的人变了,私营资本在减仓短期国债,转而观望,而官方机构则在选择性加仓长期债券。 这种背道而驰的操作,反映出投资者对未来美国利率走势和财政稳定性的分歧越来越大。 这说明一个问题:在美联储持续高利率、美国财政支出不设上限的背景下,美债的吸引力正在从"全球最稳"变成"全球最贵"。 价格贵了,风险也大了,各国开始算起自己的"小账"来,谁也不愿意再为美国财政透支买单。 从数据上看,外界对美债的态度正撕裂成两个阵营。 日本依旧是美国 ...
金价站稳3600美元,含“金”理财收益水涨船高
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-21 07:13
屈颖分析认为,黄金挂钩理财产品频繁出现因触发条件而提前止盈的现象,既体现了产品设计中的风险 控制机制,也反映出机构对后市波动的审慎判断。这种提前止盈现象具有阶段性特征。一方面,在金价 处于高位并伴随较大波动的情况下,理财机构通过触发止盈机制锁定收益,有助于保护投资者利益并维 持产品收益的相对稳定;另一方面,由于不同产品的设计结构、挂钩方式及触发阈值存在差异,并非所 有黄金挂钩理财都会提前止盈。总体来看,在高波动环境下,这种现象可能在短期内较为频繁,投资者 在配置时仍需关注产品条款细则及自身风险承受能力,合理规划投资策略。 发行提速创新多 近期,国际金价持续走强,连续多日站稳3600美元/盎司上方。在此背景下,挂钩黄金的理财产品市场 迅速回暖,产品平均收益表现亮眼,新发数量与规模也显著提升。业内人士指出,理财机构及投资者对 黄金资产的关注度持续升温,通过跨市场配置黄金,不仅能提升资产分散性,更能有效把握金价上行的 红利,增厚组合收益。 金价屡创新高 年初至今,伦敦现货黄金累计涨幅已接近40%,成为全球资产配置中的一大亮点。普益标准研究员屈颖 分析认为,本轮金价上涨的逻辑清晰,主要体现在宏观货币环境、新兴市场储备 ...
单月抛1829亿元,创16年新低!美方通告全球:中国大规模减持美债,连续10个月增持黄金
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-21 04:20
金融地震!中国单月狂抛1829亿美债,美国财政部的报告撕开了一道惊心动魄的口子。 十六年最低持仓,七千三百零七亿美元,这不是普通的市场波动,而是一场静默却坚决的金融突围。数字背后,是一个大国在重新定义自己的安全边界。 当美元潮汐反复无常,当美国国债突破三十四万亿美元天花板,世界终于开始觉醒。债务堆不出永恒信任,霸权终会反噬信用。中国连续十个月将黄金纳入 怀抱,这不是一时冲动,而是穿越周期的深谋远虑。 黄金沉默,但从不撒谎。它不依附于任何国家的承诺,不屈服于任何政策的变卦。央行增持的不是金属,而是自主权的砝码。当越来越多的国家抬头看路, 美元独舞的时代正在落下帷幕。 放眼全球,去美元化已不是边缘思潮,而是各国心照不宣的集体动作。欧盟、金砖国家、东南亚联盟……越来越多的经济体在跨境交易中另辟蹊径。世界苦 美元霸权久矣,而中国这次调整,恰似推倒了第一张多米诺骨牌。 没有人愿意把全部家当放在别人的赌桌上。美国一轮又一轮的制裁、一次再一次的债务违约危机,早已透支了它的信誉。金融武器化,终会招致反噬;无限 量宽松,终究稀释了信任。 中国不是在逃离市场,而是在重构逻辑。外汇储备的多元化,绝非简单的资产腾挪,而是面向未来的风 ...
复盘美联储降息周期,比特币、股市、黄金将何去何从?
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-21 04:17
Group 1 - The article discusses the anticipation surrounding the Federal Reserve's interest rate decision, with expectations of a 25 basis point cut from 4.5% to 4.25% [1][2][24] - Historical patterns indicate that once the Federal Reserve enters a rate-cutting cycle, various asset classes often experience significant rallies [2][4] - The current economic indicators suggest that the ongoing rate cut cycle resembles the preventive rate cuts of 1995, with a low unemployment rate of 4.1% and GDP growth [9][10] Group 2 - The article outlines three historical rate-cutting scenarios: preventive (1995), crisis (2007), and panic (2020), each leading to different asset performance outcomes [11][12][19] - In the 1995 scenario, a modest rate cut led to a significant bull market in stocks, while the 2007 cuts preceded a major financial crisis [6][7][10] - The 2020 emergency cuts resulted in unprecedented liquidity, causing Bitcoin to surge from $3,800 to $69,000, highlighting the impact of aggressive monetary policy on asset prices [8][18][19] Group 3 - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the context of rate cuts, as the reasons behind them can significantly influence market reactions [31][32] - It notes that the current market sentiment is cautious yet optimistic, with Bitcoin trading near historical highs, unlike the previous bear market conditions seen in 2019 [27][49] - The potential for a "rational prosperity" scenario is discussed, where Bitcoin may not see explosive growth but could experience steady increases as liquidity increases [27][49] Group 4 - The performance of traditional assets during rate-cutting cycles is analyzed, showing that not all rate cuts lead to stock market rallies [30][31] - Defensive sectors tend to outperform during economic downturns, while cyclical sectors may do better in stronger economic conditions [32][34] - The article also highlights the stable performance of gold during rate cuts, with an average increase of 32% over two years in past cycles [40][44][45] Group 5 - The article concludes by suggesting that the next 6-12 months could be critical for asset performance as the current rate-cutting cycle progresses [50][51] - It raises the possibility of unexpected events influencing market dynamics, such as geopolitical tensions or technological advancements [51][52] - The changing landscape of the monetary system and the role of cryptocurrencies as a reflection of these changes are emphasized [53][54]
F-35居然能远程锁死!从战机到全球支付,断供黑手已伸向金融命脉
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-21 01:55
Group 1: Core Perspective - The U.S. payment system is perceived as a potential "financial weapon," leading countries to reconsider their reliance on it in a new global economic landscape [1][3][4] Group 2: U.S. Payment System Influence - U.S. payment companies like Visa and MasterCard hold a dominant position in the global payment landscape, which many countries have relied on for trade and cross-border transactions [3][4] - The abrupt suspension of services to Russia by Visa and MasterCard during the Ukraine conflict highlighted the controllable nature of the U.S. payment system, raising concerns about its use as a pressure tool [3][4] Group 3: Global Response and Alternatives - In response to the risks associated with U.S. payment systems, European countries are collaborating to create their own payment standards to reduce dependency [4][14] - Asian nations are also innovating in financial technology, with initiatives like India's UPI international version being implemented in neighboring countries to facilitate cross-border transactions [4] Group 4: Broader Implications - The concerns regarding the U.S. payment system are mirrored in the military domain, particularly with the F-35 fighter jet, where control over maintenance and support is heavily reliant on U.S. companies [6][9] - The erosion of the Federal Reserve's independence during Trump's presidency has led to a global trend of "de-dollarization," as countries seek to reduce their reliance on the U.S. dollar [11][12]
鲍威尔引发降息风暴!美联储9月行动撬动全球,房市低位反弹迎转机
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-20 23:28
Group 1 - The Federal Reserve has lowered the federal funds rate target range to 4.00-4.25%, indicating a strategic shift towards a more accommodative monetary policy after nine months of stability [2] - The U.S. economy is showing signs of weakness, with the consumer price index (CPI) rising to 2.9% year-on-year in August, and the labor market showing signs of fatigue [5] - The shift in monetary policy is seen as a necessary response to high inflation pressures and a cooling labor market, moving away from the previously anticipated "soft landing" scenario [5] Group 2 - The easing of U.S. monetary policy is expected to influence capital flows, coinciding with key adjustments in China's domestic policies, particularly in the real estate sector [8] - China's real estate market has been undergoing a significant correction since 2021, with policies aimed at reducing leverage and financial risks, but recent external liquidity easing may ignite market activity [8][9] - Mortgage rates in China have dropped to around 3%, with some cities nearing 2.8%, providing tangible cash flow improvements for homebuyers [9] Group 3 - The perception of housing prices is influenced by market expectations, where a consensus that prices will not fall further can lead to increased transaction volumes [13] - The decline in financing costs for real estate companies due to U.S. rate cuts, combined with domestic debt restructuring efforts, is expected to alleviate financial pressures on these firms [16] - The stability of the RMB and improved financing conditions could restore buyer confidence and project delivery timelines in the real estate market [16] Group 4 - The current environment allows for a potential rebound in the real estate market, driven by improved credit conditions and a shift in investor sentiment towards real estate as a stable asset class [19] - The Chinese central bank's policy adjustments are aimed at maintaining exchange rate stability while facilitating capital flows, creating a conducive environment for market recovery [20] - The effectiveness of policy transmission from interest rates to real estate transactions will be crucial for achieving a sustainable recovery in the sector [31]
收割战略失败,美联储被迫低头降息,美国国运迎来转折点
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-20 19:01
Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the recent interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve signifies a strategic shift in the global financial landscape, indicating cracks in the dollar hegemony system [1][5] - The traditional "tide" mechanism of dollar hegemony, which involves aggressive interest rate hikes followed by cuts to acquire undervalued assets, has been disrupted for the first time in decades [3] - The U.S. faced challenges in executing its capital extraction strategy aimed at China, as the latter successfully stabilized its economy through dual circulation strategies and made advancements in key sectors [3][5] Group 2 - The Federal Reserve's decision to cut rates without achieving its intended capital extraction reflects a strategic failure, as high interest rates have burdened the U.S. economy and diminished its competitive edge [5] - The acceleration of the global de-dollarization process poses a fundamental threat to the dollar's status as a reserve currency, necessitating a reconsideration of high interest rates [5] - The unconventional rate cut may lead to significant impacts on the U.S. economy, potentially inflating stock market bubbles and increasing the risk of a severe market correction if new technologies do not quickly achieve commercial viability [7]
中国突然抛售1829亿元美债,美国要慌了!
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-20 18:33
就在刚刚,美国财政部公布了一份重磅数据:2025年7月,中国一口气减持257亿美元美国国债,持仓规模降至7307亿美元,创下2009年以来新低! 与此同时,中国央行已经连续10个月增持黄金。这一减一增之间,释放出的信号再明确不过:中国正在加速推进外汇储备多元化,主动规避美债风险。 这绝对是对美国经济投下的一张重磅反对票! 中国为何要大幅减持美债?答案显而易见:美国已经成为一个不可靠的债务国。近年来,美国滥用美元霸权,频繁将金融武器化,动不动就冻结他国外汇储 备、实施金融制裁。俄罗斯高达3000亿美元的外汇储备被冻结给全世界上了生动的一课——继续大量持有美债,无异于将金融安全置于他人掌控之下。 美国国债规模如今已突破35万亿美元,且还在飞速增长。两党政治斗争不断,债务上限危机反复上演,美国政府甚至屡次面临"关门"风险。试问,这样一个 财政管理混乱的国家发行的债券,还能算是"安全资产"吗? 中国增持黄金的举动更是意味深长。黄金是自古以来的"硬通货",不依赖任何国家信用,不会被冻结,也不会因某国货币政策贬值。中国连续10个月增持黄 金,正是在为可能到来的国际金融风暴准备"压舱石"。 美国的反应值得玩味。一些美国政客 ...
中国再抛257亿美债,持仓创16年新低!全球最大债主们走向分歧
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-20 18:10
Core Insights - The latest TIC report from the U.S. Treasury reveals a complex global financial landscape, with foreign investors holding nearly $9.16 trillion in U.S. Treasury bonds, marking a record high, while major holders like China are strategically reducing their holdings [2][3] Group 1: China's Strategy - China significantly reduced its U.S. Treasury holdings by $25.7 billion in July 2025, bringing its total to $730.7 billion, the lowest level since December 2008 [3] - This reduction is part of a long-term strategic adjustment, with China decreasing its U.S. bond holdings by $173.2 billion, $50.8 billion, and $57.3 billion in 2022, 2023, and 2024 respectively [3] - The fluctuations in China's U.S. Treasury holdings since 2025 indicate a mature approach to foreign exchange reserve management, reflecting a commitment to reduce reliance on a single currency asset [5][6] Group 2: Shift to Gold - In contrast to its U.S. Treasury bond reductions, China has been increasing its gold reserves, which reached 7.402 million ounces by the end of August, marking the tenth consecutive month of increases [6] - This shift towards gold is seen as a strategic move to mitigate risks associated with unilateral sanctions and to optimize the overall structure of foreign exchange reserves [6] Group 3: Global Trends - The trend of increasing gold reserves is not unique to China; globally, central banks added 166 tons of gold in Q2 2025, reflecting a collective concern over the credibility of the U.S. dollar [6] - Japan and the UK have diverged from China's strategy, with Japan increasing its U.S. Treasury holdings by $3.8 billion and the UK by $41.3 billion, highlighting the differentiated appeal of dollar assets [6] Group 4: Dollar Credibility Concerns - Analysts attribute China's reduction in U.S. Treasury holdings to a long-standing strategy to decrease dependence on the dollar, driven by concerns over the dollar's credibility [9] - The U.S. government's rising debt levels and interest payments exceeding $1 trillion annually have intensified worries about the safety of dollar assets [11] - The ongoing decline of the dollar index, which has dropped over 10% since the Trump administration, indicates a growing trend of "de-dollarization" among nations [14]