1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the given content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Last week, the black sector showed a differentiated trend, with steel and ore prices falling, and coal and coke rising first and then falling, overall performing weakly. The iron ore futures led the decline. In the entire futures market, commodity prices generally fell, with non - ferrous metals having the largest decline [4]. - Globally, uncertainties have increased. The US continues to impose sanctions on Iran, and Trump nominated Wash as the Fed Chairman, which caused market fluctuations. Domestically, over 30 provinces have determined their GDP growth targets for 2026, showing overall stability [4]. - In terms of the industrial pattern, steel demand dropped significantly last week, and the inventory accumulation speed accelerated. At the raw material end, downstream enterprises continued to replenish stocks before the festival. Due to the Indonesian government's proposal to significantly cut coal production, many Indonesian coal mining enterprises have suspended spot coal exports [4]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 01 Black Sector Trend Comparison - Last week, the black sector had a differentiated trend, with steel and ore prices falling and coal and coke rising first and then falling [4]. 02 Futures Market Rise - Fall Comparison - In the entire futures market, commodity prices generally fell, and non - ferrous metals had the largest decline [4]. 03 Spot Prices - Scrap steel prices rose, while steel and iron ore prices fell [18]. 04 Profit and Valuation - The electric furnace profit worsened, and the valuation of rebar futures was low [19]. 05 Steel Supply and Demand - Steel demand dropped significantly last week, and the inventory accumulation speed accelerated. However, the current absolute inventory is low, and the supply - demand contradiction is not significant. The recent weakness is mainly due to the weakening of cost support [5]. 06 Iron Ore Supply and Demand - Last week, the molten iron output increased slightly, and the iron ore inventories of steel mills and ports both increased. Before the festival, the steel mill inventory has been replenished to a level slightly lower than the normal level in recent years. Although the iron ore shipments have significantly declined compared to the end of last year, according to the previous shipment data, the expected arrival volume is still acceptable, and iron ore may continue the inventory accumulation pattern [5]. 07 Coking Coal Supply and Demand - Last week, the raw coal output declined, the total coking coal inventory continued to accumulate, and coal - using enterprises continued to replenish stocks. However, the pre - festival stock replenishment is about to end. Attention should be paid to the Indonesian coal policy [5]. 08 Coke Supply and Demand - Last week, the coke output increased slightly, and the inventory shifted to the middle and lower reaches. After the first round of coke price increase was implemented, the profits of coke enterprises improved [5]. 09 Variety Spreads - The rebar - iron ore price ratio strengthened, and the hot - rolled coil - rebar price spread widened [37]. 10 Key Data/Policy/Information - Multiple important events occurred, including high - level phone calls and video meetings between countries, the release of the "15th Five - Year Plan" central first - document, the determination of GDP growth targets by 30 provinces in China, US sanctions on Iran, changes in US economic data, the establishment of a key minerals trading mechanism by the US, EU's adjustment of carbon market rules, and the suspension of coal exports by Indonesian coal mining enterprises [42].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Accumulate" rating for the steel and non-ferrous metals sector [5] Core Insights - The report highlights a general decline in non-ferrous metal prices, while gold, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium prices have increased on a month-on-month basis [1] - The liquidity environment for small and medium enterprises has improved, with the BCI index rising by 6.62% to 50.27 in January 2026 [11] - The construction and real estate sectors are experiencing low inventory levels for hot-rolled steel, indicating potential supply constraints [21] Summary by Relevant Sections Liquidity - The BCI index for small and medium enterprises increased to 50.27, reflecting a positive shift in financing conditions [11] - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference was -4.7 percentage points in December 2025, indicating a contraction in liquidity [11] Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - Weekly inventory levels for hot-rolled steel are at a five-year low, with rebar prices down by 0.93% [21] - The national average capacity utilization rate for blast furnaces was 86%, unchanged from the previous week [9] Industrial Products Chain - The operating rate for semi-steel tires is at a five-year high, while the prices for cold-rolled, copper, and aluminum have decreased [2] - The price of electrolytic aluminum is 23,110 CNY/ton, down 6.21% from the previous week [2] Valuation Metrics - The Shanghai Composite Index fell by 1.33%, with the engineering machinery sector showing the best performance at +4.35% [4] - The PB ratio for the steel sector relative to the broader market is currently at 0.50, indicating potential undervaluation [4] Real Estate Completion Chain - The prices of titanium dioxide and glass remain low, with the glass operating rate at 73.89% [1][76] - The cumulative year-on-year change in completed residential area was -18.10% for 2025 [76]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In 2025, the bond market credit risk release further slowed down, with a significant decline in the scale of default bonds and the number of new default issuers. However, due to factors such as the structural differences in the financing environment and debt roll - over pressure, the structural risks in some areas were still in the process of orderly clearance. In 2026, the credit risk clearance process in the bond market is expected to remain stable and orderly, with the default rate fluctuating within a low range of 0.2% - 0.3%. But attention should be paid to the credit risks in five key areas [4][5][23]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 2025 Review: Slow but Unfinished, Credit Risks Show Six Characteristics - **Lowest Default Scale in a Decade and Low Default Rate, Continued Slow - down of Risk Release**: In 2025, the bond market default risk release further slowed down. The scale of default bonds was the lowest in a decade, with 26 new default bonds, a 67% year - on - year decrease in default scale to 223.4 billion yuan, and 12 new default issuers. The monthly rolling default rate in the public offering market showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, with an end - of - year rate of 0.27%, basically the same as at the end of 2024 [6]. - **Risk Clearance Concentrated in Private Enterprises, but Dispersed in Regions and Industries**: Among the 12 new default issuers, 10 were private enterprises. The default risks showed a multi - point and multi - industry distribution, covering 8 industries and 7 provinces in the eastern, central, and western regions. Non - bank financial institutions had an increase in defaults [9]. - **New Default Events Driven by Industry Cycles, Strategic Mistakes, and Governance Defects**: Industry cycles led to weakened profitability of some issuers; strategic mistakes such as over - aggressive diversification or high - premium acquisitions caused resource misallocation; governance defects like high - proportion equity pledges and related - party transactions eroded the operating foundation. Negative events could also lead to a deterioration of the financing environment and accelerate default [11][12]. - **"Re - extension" Drove the Growth of Extension Scale, with Real Estate Enterprises Accounting for Nearly 80%**: In 2025, there were more bond extension events. The total scale of extended bonds was 534.56 billion yuan, a 28% year - on - year increase. Over 60% were re - extended bonds, with an average extension period of 2.09 years. Real estate enterprises were the main issuers of extended bonds, with a scale of about 410.90 billion yuan, accounting for 77% of the total [13][14]. - **Improved Risk Resolution Mechanism and Steady Progress in Default Bond Disposal**: A series of risk prevention policies provided institutional support for risk resolution. 10 issuers made substantial progress in default disposal, but the actual payment progress of default bonds was still slow, with the proportion of paid - off bonds less than 20% [15][17]. - **Increased Positive Rating Actions under Risk Mitigation, Continued Differentiation in Rating Adjustments**: In 2025, the number and proportion of upward rating actions increased. There were 136 main body rating adjustments, with 61 downward and 75 upward. Rating adjustments showed differentiation between state - owned and private enterprises, as well as among different industries [18][20][21]. 2026 Outlook: Stable but with Concerns, Focus on Structural Risks in Five Areas - **Risk of Deterioration in the Credit Fundamentals of Export - Oriented Enterprises Dependent on External Demand**: In 2026, the global trade volume growth rate may slow to 0.5%. Trade protectionism and green barriers increase the compliance costs of export enterprises and affect order stability. Some export enterprises with high market concentration, low product added value, and weak cost - transfer ability may face credit deterioration [24]. - **Liquidity Risks of Weak - Fundamentals Entities in Traditional and Emerging Industries during Industrial Structure Transformation**: Traditional manufacturing industries face problems such as insufficient demand and rising costs, while emerging industries face challenges such as rapid technological iteration and over - capacity. In 2026, the bond maturity pressure in related industries remains, and some high - leverage entities may face credit deterioration and liquidity risks [25]. - **Uncertainty Risks in the Process of M&A, Reorganization, or Debt Extension of Real Estate Enterprises**: In 2025, the real estate market showed some signs of recovery, but the recovery momentum was still weak. Tail - end real estate enterprises still faced financing difficulties and relied on debt extension and reorganization. In 2026, about 400 billion yuan of bonds will mature, and there are risks in the M&A and reorganization process [27]. - **Credit Risks of Regional Small and Medium - Sized Financial Institutions due to the Interweaving of Internal and External Risk Factors**: Some non - bank financial institutions have faced frequent risk events, affected by regional economic pressure and their own governance problems. Attention should be paid to the risk exposure structure and the ability to cover potential losses, as well as the risk of related - party risk transmission [28]. - **Evolution of Operating and Liquidity Risks of Urban Investment Enterprises under the Acceleration of the "Platform Exit" Process and Debt Resolution Pressure**: In 2026, as the key stage of the "platform exit" for urban investment enterprises, they face pressure in debt resolution, asset revitalization, and government arrears. Their market - oriented transformation is not effective, and there are risks of liquidity and operation, as well as the possibility of risk resonance and spillover [30].

Report Industry Investment Ratings - Macro-finance: Index futures are bullish in the medium to long term and suggest buying on dips; government bonds are expected to trade sideways [1][6] - Black building materials: Coking coal is suitable for short-term trading; rebar is for range trading; glass is recommended to buy on dips [1][6] - Non-ferrous metals: Copper, aluminum, and nickel are advised to wait and see; tin, gold, and silver are for range trading; lithium carbonate is expected to trade in a range [1][11] - Energy and chemicals: PVC, styrene, rubber, urea, and methanol are for range trading; caustic soda and soda ash are advised to wait and see; polyolefins are expected to trade weakly sideways [1][17] - Cotton textile industry chain: Cotton and cotton yarn are expected to adjust sideways; apples and jujubes are expected to trade sideways [1][25] - Agricultural and livestock: Pigs are in short-term supply-demand games, and off-season contracts suggest shorting on rallies; eggs are overvalued, and post-festival contracts can be hedged on rallies; corn is cautious about chasing highs in the short term, and grain holders can hedge on rallies; soybean meal's M2603 contract is expected to trade sideways in the short term; oils are expected to trade at high levels in the short term, suggesting buying on dips and being cautious about risks before the holiday [1][27] Core Views The report analyzes the market conditions of various futures varieties from multiple aspects such as macro factors, supply and demand fundamentals, and cost factors. It provides corresponding investment suggestions based on the characteristics and trends of each variety, including trading strategies and points to watch [1][6]. Summary by Directory Macro-finance - Index futures: Due to overseas rebounds and reduced liquidity shock disturbances, they are expected to trade strongly sideways. It is recommended to buy on dips in the medium to long term [6] - Government bonds: There is no obvious major negative in the bond market, but there is no further impetus to push interest rates down. They are expected to trade sideways [6] Black building materials - Double coking: The coal market shows short-term fluctuations, and the sustainability of the price increase is insufficient. It is recommended for short-term trading [7][8] - Rebar: The futures price is undervalued statically, and the cost support is weakened. It is expected to trade sideways in the short term, and light positions are recommended before the holiday [8] - Glass: Affected by production line shutdowns and demand, the price is expected to trade sideways and is recommended to buy on dips [9][10] Non-ferrous metals - Copper: Affected by macro factors, it is expected to trade at high levels. It is recommended to wait and see [11] - Aluminum: The supply is expected to increase, and the downstream demand is under pressure. It is recommended to increase the observation and reduce positions before the holiday [13] - Nickel: Affected by the Indonesian quota reduction, but the fundamentals are weak. It is recommended to wait and see [14][15] - Tin: The supply is tight, and the downstream demand is rigid. It is expected to trade sideways, and range trading is recommended [15] - Gold and silver: Affected by the Fed's expected policy change, the mid-term price center moves up. They are expected to trade sideways, and range trading is recommended [16] - Lithium carbonate: Affected by supply and demand, it is expected to trade in a range [17] Energy and chemicals - PVC: The supply is high, the demand is weak, but the valuation is low. It is recommended to be cautious about chasing highs [17][19] - Caustic soda: The supply pressure is large, and the demand support is weak. It is recommended to wait and see [19] - Styrene: The inventory is expected to decrease, but the valuation is high. It is recommended to be cautious about chasing highs [20][21] - Rubber: The supply is tightened, and the demand is weakened. It is expected to trade sideways in a range [21] - Urea: The supply is increasing, and the demand is supported. It is expected to trade sideways in a range [22] - Methanol: The supply is decreasing, and the demand is weak. It is expected to trade sideways in a range [23] - Polyolefins: The supply is under pressure, and the demand is weak. They are expected to trade weakly sideways [23][24] - Soda ash: The supply is in surplus, and the cost is rising. It is recommended to wait and see [24] Cotton textile industry chain - Cotton and cotton yarn: The global supply and demand are improving, but the internal and external price difference suppresses the price. It is recommended to be cautious in the short term and optimistic in the long term [25] - Apples and jujubes: The market is stable, and they are expected to trade sideways [25][27] Agricultural and livestock - Pigs: The short-term supply and demand are both increasing, and the price is not optimistic. It is recommended to short on rallies for off-season contracts [27] - Eggs: The supply pressure is postponed, and the price is under pressure. It is recommended to hedge post-festival contracts on rallies [29] - Corn: The short-term market is balanced, and the medium to long-term supply and demand are loose. It is recommended to be cautious about chasing highs and hedge on rallies [30] - Soybean meal: The M2603 contract is expected to trade sideways in the short term, and attention should be paid to the support at 3030 [31] - Oils: They are expected to trade at high levels in the short term, and it is recommended to buy on dips. Attention should be paid to risks before the holiday [31][36]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report highlights that Fangda Special Steel has significant cost advantages and outstanding growth potential [1] - The company is a leading steel enterprise in the Jiangxi region, and its earnings are expected to continue recovering amid improving industry profitability and sector valuations [1] - The company's equity capacity growth is anticipated to gradually materialize, making it a rare incremental improvement target in the market [1] Group 2 - The company's valuation has been at a high level of approximately 1.62 times the replacement cost over the past three years, corresponding to a market capitalization of around 21.3 billion yuan [1] - There is an expectation for valuation recovery, leading to a first-time coverage with an "overweight" rating [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report highlights that Fangda Special Steel has significant cost advantages and outstanding growth potential [1] - The company is a leading steel enterprise in the Jiangxi region, and its equity capacity growth is expected to gradually materialize against a backdrop of improving industry profitability and sector valuation [1] - The company is considered a rare incremental improvement target in the market, with its profitability expected to continue recovering [1] Group 2 - Over the past three years, the company's valuation has remained at a high level, approximately 1.62 times the replacement cost, corresponding to a market capitalization of around 21.3 billion yuan [1] - The report suggests that there is room for valuation recovery, and it initiates coverage with an "overweight" rating [1]

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the report Core Viewpoints - Commodity price volatility has significantly increased, and risk prevention and control should be emphasized before the Spring Festival. The sharp decline in precious metals has triggered market panic and dragged down the overall commodity trend. The short - term event is a catalyst for the adjustment of over - bought or over - sold assets, but long - term de - leveraging or interest rate cuts have not been priced in. In the long run, the macro - environment is still favorable for physical assets, and the fundamental situation of precious metals and some metal varieties remains unchanged. However, due to the complex geopolitical environment and approaching Spring Festival, investors are advised to pay attention to risk prevention [3]. Summary by Directory Part One: Main Views - **Macro - situation**: This week, domestic commodities weakened significantly, with industrial products and agricultural products falling. Precious metals tumbled under the impact of the expectation of a hawkish Fed chairman, dragging down non - ferrous metals and overall commodity sentiment. The US manufacturing PMI rebounded sharply, but the sustainability of demand improvement needs to be observed. The eurozone's CPI continued to decline, and the ECB is expected to keep interest rates unchanged. Geopolitical risks between the US and Iran have increased, driving up international oil prices. In China, policies to promote consumption during the Spring Festival have been introduced, and the central bank's credit policy has shifted to support high - quality development [3]. - **Commodity views**: Commodity price volatility has increased significantly. The sharp decline in precious metals was mainly due to profit - taking after over - heating in the early stage, and the increase in margin requirements exacerbated the decline. In the short term, the market needs to digest policy uncertainties and de - leveraging pressure, and volatility may continue. In the long term, the macro - environment is still favorable for physical assets [3]. Part Two: Overseas Situation Analysis - **US**: The January ISM manufacturing PMI far exceeded expectations, indicating that the manufacturing industry is emerging from the contraction. However, the ADP employment data was disappointing, and the employment situation remains sluggish, increasing the urgency of further interest rate cuts [5][8]. - **Eurozone**: The January CPI dropped to 1.7%, the lowest since September 2024. The ECB is expected to keep the key interest rate unchanged at 2%. Inflation shows significant regional and industry differentiation, and there are still potential price pressures [11]. - **Geopolitical**: Tensions between the US and Iran have escalated, with military confrontations in the Gulf region. The location and form of the nuclear talks have changed, and the risk of misjudgment has increased. Geopolitical risks have driven up oil prices, and the outcome of the talks will affect the energy market and financial markets [14]. - **Precious metals**: International gold and silver prices continued to plummet. The main reasons were the change in macro - policy expectations and the imbalance in the market trading structure. The increase in margin requirements exacerbated the decline. In the short term, volatility may continue, but in the long term, the fundamentals of precious metals remain supported [17]. Part Three: Domestic Situation Analysis - **"Happy Shopping for Spring Festival"**: The "2026 'Happy Shopping for Spring Festival' Special Activity Plan" focuses on creating a consumption ecosystem, with measures such as rewarding invoices, promoting trade - in, and providing financial support. 62.5 billion yuan in trade - in super - debt has been allocated to support holiday consumption [21]. - **2026 Credit Work Conference**: The central bank's credit policy has shifted to support long - term high - quality development, emphasizing stable growth in total volume, structural optimization, risk prevention, and coordinated efficiency. The policy aims to promote the stable and effective release of credit [22]. - **Policy - end**: The 2026 Central No. 1 Document focuses on agricultural and rural modernization, with changes in strategic positioning, poverty - alleviation mechanisms, and policy goals. The "Long - term Asset Input Tax Deduction Interim Measures" refines the VAT system, promoting economic high - quality development [24][25]. Part Four: High - Frequency Data Tracking - **Production end**: Chemical production load decreased slightly, with most product prices rising. Steel production increased slightly, but demand declined, and inventory continued to accumulate [32]. - **Demand end**: Real estate sales decreased week - on - week, and passenger car retail sales decreased year - on - year [39]. - **Price trends**: Most food prices fell this week, including vegetables, pork, and fruits [40].

Group 1 - Baosteel Co., Ltd. experienced a stock price increase of 5.04%, reaching 2.50 CNY per share, with a trading volume of 2.133 billion CNY and a turnover rate of 2.77%, resulting in a total market capitalization of 113.22 billion CNY [1] - The company, established on June 29, 1999, and listed on March 9, 2001, is primarily engaged in the development and utilization of mineral resources, as well as the production and sale of steel products [1] - The main revenue composition of Baosteel includes steel products at 76.99%, with specific segments being: plates at 50.56%, other products at 22.35% (including pipes at 10.99%, profiles at 8.34%, wires at 7.10%, and others at 0.65%) [1] Group 2 - Penghua Fund has one fund heavily invested in Baosteel, specifically the Penghua National Steel Industry Index (LOF) A (502023), which reduced its holdings by 501.53 million shares in the fourth quarter, now holding 39.8054 million shares, accounting for 12.19% of the fund's net value, making it the second-largest holding [2] - The Penghua National Steel Industry Index (LOF) A (502023) was established on August 13, 2015, with a current size of 340 million CNY, yielding 1.43% year-to-date, ranking 3828 out of 5580 in its category; over the past year, it achieved a return of 31.3%, ranking 2033 out of 4290; and since inception, it has returned 35.25% [2]

Group 1 - The core point of the article highlights the recent performance of Baosteel Co., Ltd., which saw a 5.04% increase in stock price, reaching 2.50 CNY per share, with a trading volume of 2.138 billion CNY and a turnover rate of 2.77%, resulting in a total market capitalization of 113.22 billion CNY [1] - Baosteel Co., Ltd. is primarily engaged in the development and utilization of mineral resources, as well as the production and sale of steel products, with steel products accounting for 76.99% of its main business revenue, including flat products (50.56%), other products (22.35%), pipes (10.99%), profiles (8.34%), wires (7.10%), and others (0.65%) [1] Group 2 - From the perspective of major fund holdings, it is noted that one fund under the Fortune Fund has a significant position in Baosteel Co., Ltd. The Fortune CSI Rare Earth Industry ETF (159713) reduced its holdings by 2.5775 million shares in the fourth quarter, maintaining 20.9754 million shares, which represents 4.63% of the fund's net value, ranking as the ninth largest holding [2] - The Fortune CSI Rare Earth Industry ETF (159713) was established on August 5, 2021, with a current scale of 1.079 billion CNY. Year-to-date returns are at 7.32%, ranking 1060 out of 5580 in its category; over the past year, returns reached 79.18%, ranking 146 out of 4290; and since inception, the return is 41.2% [2]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The black metal sector currently has no prominent contradictions, with both valuation and driving factors lacking significant trading opportunities. As the Spring Festival approaches, the spot market is gradually entering a holiday state, while the futures prices are still fluctuating, indicating a less - than - optimistic market expectation for the future or the post - holiday period [7]. - For steel, it's advisable to wait and see in the short term. For hot - rolled coils, positive spreads can be rolled for operations. For coal and coke, it's recommended to cash in spot positions opportunistically before the holiday and wait for opportunities to short on the futures when prices rise. For iron ore, it's suggested that long - term investors short at resistance levels [7][66][112]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Steel 3.1.1 Influencing Factors - **Supply**: Bullish. Hot metal production has a slight fluctuation, with this week's output increasing by 0.6 to 228.56 wt. The daily consumption of scrap steel has declined. As the Spring Festival approaches, the EAF operating rate is steadily decreasing, but there is still room for production resumption after the festival [7]. - **Demand**: Bearish. Building material demand shows more obvious seasonality, with significantly reduced transactions, and the spot market is gradually closing for the holiday. Plate demand remains stable, and the demand for medium and heavy plates is relatively strong, related to downstream shipbuilding and wind power steel demand. Overall, the market is mainly driven by rigid demand, and speculative demand has almost stalled [7]. - **Inventory**: Neutral. The social inventory of the five major steel products is between the levels of 2025. Seasonal inventory accumulation continues, with the amplitude and rhythm in line with the same - period levels. Building material - related varieties have an increased inventory accumulation amplitude, while the plate inventory accumulation rhythm is relatively neutral [7]. - **Basis/Spread**: Neutral. The basis of hot - rolled coils and rebar has strengthened, and the return on cash - and - carry arbitrage has turned positive. As of Friday, the basis of rb2605 in the East China region (Hangzhou) is 103, with a week - on - week increase of 21; the basis of hc2605 in the East China region (Shanghai) is - 1, with a week - on - week increase of 17 [7]. - **Profit**: Bullish. The profitability of steel mills is moderately low, with actual production profits slightly higher than statistical profits. Rebar profits are slightly better than plate profits. The profitability rate of steel mills, as reported by Steelhome, is 39.39%, with no week - on - week change [7]. - **Valuation**: Neutral. The basis of hot - rolled coils is weaker than that of rebar, making it more suitable for rolling cash - and - carry arbitrage operations. From an industrial perspective, the production profit corresponding to the futures price is meager, and the relative valuation is neutral [7]. - **Macro and Risk Appetite**: Neutral. Commodity price fluctuations have increased. As the long holiday approaches, funds have turned cautious, and the speculative atmosphere has cooled down [7]. 3.1.2 Investment and Trading Strategies - **Investment Viewpoint**: Wait and see. The black metal sector currently has no prominent contradictions, and due to increasing seasonal factors, the market is showing typical seasonal weakening characteristics. It is necessary to pay attention to the post - holiday demand start - up situation [7]. - **Trading Strategy**: Unilateral trading can be in a range - bound or wait - and - see state. For arbitrage, roll to widen the spread between hot - rolled coils and rebar. For cash - and - carry arbitrage, roll operations on hot - rolled coils [8]. 3.2 Coking Coal and Coke 3.2.1 Influencing Factors - **Demand**: Neutral. The steel market has entered the off - season. This week, the apparent demand for the five major steel products is 801.74 (+7.78), and the production is 823.17 (+3.58). The industry data is generally weak, with relatively stable supply, seasonal weakening of demand, and some inventory accumulation. The daily average hot metal production of 247 steel mills this week is 228.58 (-0.12), and the steel mill profitability rate remains at 39.39% [66]. - **Coking Coal Supply**: Neutral. Next week, coal mines will gradually start their holidays. Fenwei's coking coal production has increased, but production will gradually decline in the future. Mongolian coal port clearance has slowed down due to port storage capacity pressure. The offshore market for Australian coking coal is in a state of continued game - playing, with limited market liquidity and strong downstream wait - and - see sentiment [66]. - **Coke Supply**: Neutral. This week, the daily average coke production is 110.4 (+0.5), and the coking profit is - 55 (+11). After the first round of price increases was finally implemented, coke enterprise operations have increased [66]. - **Inventory**: Bearish. The winter stockpiling is almost over. This week, the market is still in the winter stockpiling cycle, and the upstream inventory is continuing to transfer to the downstream. After the first - round price increase of coke was implemented, coke enterprise operations increased, and the number of available days of steel mill inventory also increased rapidly. With only one week left before the holiday, upstream coal mines will also gradually start their holidays, and the stockpiling is basically over [66]. - **Basis/Spread**: Neutral. After the first - round price increase of coke was implemented, there is no expectation of the next round. The cost of the first - round price increase warehouse receipts for wet - quenched and dry - quenched coke for the 05 contract is 1729/1756, and the port trade quotation is around 1728. The cost of Mongolian coal warehouse receipts is around 1130 [66]. - **Profit**: Neutral. The steel mill profitability rate is 39.39% (-1.30%), and the coking profit is - 55 (-11) [66]. 3.2.2 Investment and Trading Strategies - **Investment Viewpoint**: Bearish. The bullish sentiment in the commodity market has gradually faded, and the black metal market has weakened in a volatile manner. Fundamentally, the market has entered the off - season, with overall weak industrial data. It is recommended to cash in spot positions opportunistically before the holiday and wait for opportunities to short on the futures when prices rise [66]. - **Trading Strategy**: Unilateral trading should cash in spot positions opportunistically and wait for opportunities to short on the futures when prices rise. For arbitrage, temporarily wait and see [66]. 3.3 Iron Ore 3.3.1 Influencing Factors - **Supply**: Neutral. This period's Reuters shipping data shows a week - on - week increase of 22.2 tons per day to 440 tons per day, with Australia's shipping increasing by 19.5 tons per day, Brazil's by 6.2 tons per day, and non - mainstream mines' shipping decreasing by 3.4 tons per day to 85.5 tons per day. The total arrival volume in China has decreased by 21.2 tons per day week - on - week, with Australia's arrival increasing by 7.6 tons per day, Brazil's decreasing by 8.9 tons per day, and non - mainstream arrivals decreasing by 19.9 tons per day [112]. - **Demand**: Neutral. This period's steel mill hot metal production has slightly increased to 228.58 tons (+0.6). The steel mill profitability rate remains stable at 39.39%. According to the maintenance plan, hot metal production will continue to increase significantly in February. The daily average port ore removal volume has increased significantly by 9.88 tons to 357.58 tons, but the port inventory has increased by 156.42 tons, remaining higher than the same period last year and continuously reaching new highs for the year. Affected by the steel mills' low - inventory operation strategy, the in - plant inventory is still at a relatively low level in recent years [112]. - **Inventory**: Bearish. The daily average ore removal volume of 47 ports has increased significantly by 9.88 tons to 357.58 tons, at a relatively high seasonal level. However, due to the high arrival volume, the port inventory has increased again by 156.42 tons, remaining higher than the same period last year and reaching a new high for the year [112]. - **Profit**: Neutral. Steel mill profits are at a low level [112]. - **Valuation**: Neutral. The short - term valuation is moderate. As the holiday approaches, steel mill stockpiling is basically over, and the iron ore price is expected to fluctuate in a narrow range before the holiday. After the holiday, attention should be paid to whether Australian weather will affect the supply rhythm [112]. 3.3.2 Investment and Trading Strategies - **Investment Viewpoint**: Neutral. In the long - term, the upward pressure on iron ore is obvious [112]. - **Trading Strategy**: Unilateral trading should short at resistance levels in the long - term. For arbitrage, temporarily wait and see [112].