Summary of Liquid Cooling Technology Conference Call Industry Overview - The focus is on liquid cooling technology innovations primarily in the server and data center sectors, with existing solutions including cold plate, spray, and silent cooling methods. The unidirectional cold plate method is highlighted as the mainstream solution due to its high thermal efficiency and cost-effectiveness [1][4]. Key Points and Arguments - **Drivers of Liquid Cooling Technology Development**: 1. Continuous increase in chip and cabinet power consumption, with CPUs now exceeding 10 kW and cabinet peak power reaching 120-130 kW [5]. 2. Strict PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) requirements, with new data centers needing to maintain a PUE below 1.25 [5]. 3. Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) considerations, where unidirectional cold plate systems show significant economic advantages over traditional air cooling [5]. - **Market Growth Projections**: - The domestic market is expected to reach 4-5 billion yuan in 2025 and grow to 7-8 billion yuan by 2026. The global market is projected to approach 100 billion yuan by 2026 [1][10]. - **Key Components of Liquid Cooling Systems**: - Liquid cooling plates and CDU (Central Distribution Unit) each account for approximately 30% of the system's value. Other components like manifolds and quick connectors contribute an additional 10-20% [9]. - **Challenges for Silent Cooling Solutions**: - Silent cooling methods face challenges due to high costs and environmental concerns regarding refrigerants, limiting their market viability [8][6]. - **Opportunities for Chinese Companies**: - Chinese firms are gaining ground in the global liquid cooling supply chain, with some technologies now comparable to international competitors. There is potential for increased orders, especially in high-value segments [11]. Additional Important Insights - **Liquid Cooling System Components**: - The liquid cooling system includes critical components such as liquid cooling plates, CDU, and quick connectors, which are essential for effective thermal management [9]. - **Future Trends**: - The liquid cooling industry is expected to experience a steeper growth trajectory compared to other segments like optical modules by 2026, with a focus on companies that can achieve order breakthroughs [16]. - **Competitive Landscape**: - Companies like Invec are noted for their comprehensive capabilities in both server and data center liquid cooling solutions, positioning them well for future growth [17]. - **Research and Development**: - Ongoing exploration of integrating microchannels into cooling plates is underway, which could enhance thermal performance, although this is still in the research phase [7]. This summary encapsulates the key discussions and insights from the conference call regarding the liquid cooling technology sector, highlighting its growth potential, challenges, and the competitive landscape.

Group 1 - The report emphasizes the importance of maintaining core investment themes while exploring new platforms in the A-share market for the fourth quarter of 2025 [2][4] - Key recommended sectors include rare earth permanent magnets, precious metals, military industry, financial IT, power equipment, and agricultural products [3] - The report anticipates a more abundant liquidity environment due to expected interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve and the upcoming "14th Five-Year Plan" proposals, which may enhance market expectations [4][10] Group 2 - Economic growth is projected to steadily decline, with GDP growth expected at 5.0% for 2025, and 4.6% for Q4 2025 [10][11] - Consumer retail sales are forecasted to grow by 3.8% for the year, with a significant slowdown in investment across various sectors, particularly in real estate, which is expected to decline by 14.3% [10][11] - The report highlights that while exports are expected to maintain a high level of activity, a slight decline in growth is anticipated in Q4 due to high base effects from the previous year [19][24] Group 3 - The report discusses the anticipated recovery of the RMB exchange rate, driven by the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts, which may attract foreign capital inflows [42][61] - It notes that the central bank has a clear intention to guide the RMB towards appreciation, which is crucial for maintaining market liquidity [47][61] - The report also indicates that the RMB's appreciation could lead to increased foreign investment in domestic stocks, enhancing overall market liquidity [61][62]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry and Company Involved - The conference call primarily discusses the **AI industry**, focusing on **domestic chip supply**, **liquid cooling technology**, and **optical communication** advancements. Key companies mentioned include **Oracle**, **Broadcom**, **NVIDIA**, **Cambricon**, and **Hygon**. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Strong Performance of Oracle and Broadcom**: Their recent strong earnings have bolstered market confidence, indicating a positive trend in the tech sector [2][4][5]. 2. **NVIDIA's Vera Rubin NWL 144 Cabinet**: The introduction of this cabinet configuration with CX9 network cards is expected to significantly increase demand for 1.6T optical module chips and modules, potentially exceeding a ratio of 1:4 [2][5]. 3. **Emergence of Silicon Photonics**: The recent China International Information and Communication Exhibition showcased the arrival of the silicon photonics era, with high-speed optical modules predominantly utilizing silicon photonic solutions. New technologies like OCS, hollow optical fibers, and lithium phosphate films are maturing, presenting new investment opportunities [2][5]. 4. **Liquid Cooling Technology Growth**: Liquid cooling technology is experiencing a surge, with orders doubling and expectations for further penetration rate increases by 2026. This sector is viewed as having significant growth potential [2][6]. 5. **Domestic Computing Power Advancements**: Cambricon's recent funding approval and Hygon's stock incentive plan indicate a turning point for domestic computing power. Alibaba Cloud's Q1 growth and capital expenditure exceeded expectations, signaling a recovery in the domestic AI industry [2][4][7]. 6. **Century Internet's 40 MW ITC Order**: This order, located in Beijing's Gu'an ITC park, will be delivered in phases, indicating a return to normalcy in bidding volumes among major players [2][8]. 7. **Improvement in Domestic Chip Supply**: The supply of domestic chips is expected to improve significantly in the second half of the year, which will not only stimulate demand in the domestic AI industry chain but also drive liquid cooling demand due to higher power consumption [2][8][9]. Other Important but Potentially Overlooked Content 1. **AIDC Market Demand**: The demand for AI Data Centers (AIDC) is projected to increase significantly, with estimates suggesting that 10 million 700W AI chips could exhaust China's AIDC resources. The bidding process is progressing normally, but it remains contingent on chip supply [9][10]. 2. **Investment Recommendations**: It is advised to focus on domestic chip supply chains, including companies like Cambricon, Hygon, ZTE, and SMIC, as well as supporting service providers. The AIDC and switching network chains are showing signs of recovery, with growth dependent on chip supply [3][10][12]. 3. **Future of AIDC and Switching Network Chains**: The AIDC chain includes companies related to data centers and power supply, while the switching network chain comprises manufacturers of switches and optical modules. The development of these sectors is closely tied to the availability of chips and the overall demand for computing power [11][13].

Core Insights - The article highlights a surge in institutional research activities among companies listed on the Beijing Stock Exchange since September, focusing on product development, technological reserves, and market expansion as key areas of interest for investors [1] Group 1: Company Performance - Shuguang Digital's revenue increased by 43.23% year-on-year in the first half of the year, driven by the deployment of its new C8000 immersion liquid cooling products, with immersion liquid cooling revenue growing by 212.82% [1] - Kaite's actuator product sales rose by 77.41% year-on-year, with sales proportion increasing from 36.67% to 44.91% [2] - Wantong Hydraulic's overseas revenue grew by 41.24% year-on-year, attributed to enhanced product adaptability and performance [2] Group 2: Research and Development - Shuguang Digital's R&D expenses increased, focusing on core technology breakthroughs and expanding the application boundaries of their products [3] - Wantong Hydraulic's R&D expenses rose by 15.93% year-on-year, with investments in high-precision planetary roller screws and innovative oil-gas separation balance equipment for humanoid robots [3] - Yuanchuang Precision is advancing the development of ultra-thin nickel-based materials, achieving a key technological upgrade [3] Group 3: Market Expansion - Shuguang Digital has a robust order backlog, with expectations for fourth-quarter revenue to maintain growth levels seen in the first half of the year [4] - Kaite is actively advancing its fundraising projects and expanding production capacity, aiming for quicker market entry [5] - Wuxi Jinghai is expanding into the amino acid market for special medical foods and microelectronics cleaning, anticipating increased demand in various sectors [5]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the A-share market is experiencing a "slow bull" trend, with high-growth sectors being the preferred choice for investment [1][2] - Policy support is expected to strengthen with the upcoming Fourth Plenary Session in October, particularly in hard technology and new productivity sectors [1][2] - Recent increases in overseas AI industry capital expenditure are positively influencing market sentiment [1][2] Group 2 - A total of 12 out of the 15 leading companies with the highest gains since June are linked to overseas expansion, particularly in the AI supply chain and innovative pharmaceuticals [2][3] - The market consensus has been strong since August, but the intensity of sector rotation has decreased to a new low since April of the previous year [2][3] - The focus should be on high-growth sectors such as solid-state batteries, energy storage, and innovative pharmaceuticals, while also considering new consumption trends [1][2] Group 3 - The current market sentiment is characterized by a high degree of volatility, with a potential for a significant upward trend if new catalysts emerge [3][4] - The upcoming October meeting is anticipated to clarify the direction of the "14th Five-Year Plan," likely emphasizing technological innovation and new productivity [3][4] - The market is expected to see a shift towards cyclical trades as the economy transitions from service to manufacturing sectors [4]

Core Viewpoint - The A-share market is experiencing a surge in artificial intelligence (AI) investments, but there are concerns about the sustainability of this trend due to rapid valuation increases in leading companies and segments like optical modules and optical communications [1] Investment Strategy - The focus is on identifying growth sectors with high potential and reliable management that can deliver on performance, while dynamically assessing cost-effectiveness based on future growth and current valuations [2] - The investment strategy emphasizes the importance of performance exceeding expectations, as many stocks that are fundamentally strong may not show significant price increases [2] AI Industry Segmentation - The AI industry chain is divided into three segments: upstream (computing power), midstream (data and large models), and downstream (applications) [3] - Downstream applications include software-related AI in education, office, and taxation, as well as hardware like robots, smart driving, AI phones, and AI glasses [3] Investment Opportunities - Current investment opportunities are concentrated in the computing power sector and downstream applications like robotics and certain hardware areas, which are seen as having relatively high investment value [3] - The robotics sector is viewed as a promising investment direction, particularly for companies that can participate in the Tesla supply chain and related domestic industries [3] AI Applications - AI applications are a focal point for investment, with companies that can turn "impossible into possible" through AI technology, such as humanoid robots and smart driving, being particularly attractive [3] - Companies that deepen their competitive advantages, such as those controlling channel access, are also seen as valuable long-term investments in the AI application space [3]

Group 1 - The report highlights the recent performance of the Hong Kong stock market, indicating a moderate upward trend since the impact of "reciprocal tariffs" in 2025, although its relative performance compared to A-shares has weakened due to tightening liquidity and competitive pressures in the internet sector [6][9][10] - The report identifies three main reasons for the underperformance of Hong Kong stocks relative to A-shares: tightening of the monetary policy by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, delayed expectations for interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve, and intensified competition among major internet platforms [6][9][10] - The report suggests that the relative advantage of Hong Kong stocks is beginning to emerge as A-shares enter a valuation digestion phase, with potential inflows into Hong Kong stocks providing valuation support [10][12] Group 2 - The report provides insights into the import and export data for August 2025, noting a year-on-year increase in imports by 1.3% and exports by 4.4%, with a trade surplus growth of 11.8% [7][14][16] - It mentions that the import value is at the mid-range of the past five years, while the export value is at a high point, indicating a stable growth trend in foreign trade [15][16] - The report emphasizes the performance of specific sectors, highlighting that high-tech products and machinery are key drivers of export growth, while certain categories like agricultural products and labor-intensive goods have shown declines [15][16] Group 3 - The report discusses the introduction of the Rubin CPX GPU by NVIDIA, which is expected to significantly enhance demand for optical modules and liquid cooling solutions, indicating a positive outlook for the optical communication and liquid cooling sectors [19][20] - It identifies key investment opportunities in the optical module and liquid cooling markets, recommending specific companies that are likely to benefit from the increased demand driven by advancements in AI and cloud computing [19][20][21] - The report highlights Oracle's strong performance in cloud services, with a notable increase in revenue and a significant backlog of cloud contracts, reflecting robust demand for AI and cloud infrastructure [20][21]

行 业 研 2025 年 09 月 11 日 投资评级：看好（维持） 行业走势图 数据来源：聚源 -34% 0% 34% 67% 101% 134% 168% 2024-09 2025-01 2025-05 通信 沪深300 相关研究报告 《OCS 或加速发展，光通信、液冷迎 新机遇—行业点评报告》-2025.9.8 《博通上调四季度指引，新增大客户 XPU 需求旺盛，全球 AI 景气度持续上 行—行业周报》-2025.9.7 《英伟达 Rubin 开启生产，阿里财报 亮眼，重视国产算力、液冷、光通信 投资机会—行业周报》-2025.8.31 Rubin CPX 或大幅提升光模块和液冷需求 ——行业点评报告 | 蒋颖（分析师） | 雷星宇（联系人） | | --- | --- | | jiangying@kysec.cn | leixingyu@kysec.cn | | 证书编号：S0790523120003 | 证书编号：S0790124040002 | leixingyu@kysec.cn 证书编号：S0790124040002 Rubin CPX 亮相，强化推理性能，有望带来更多互联需求 2025 年 ...

Group 1: Financial Performance - In the first half of 2025, the company achieved operating revenue of 355.41 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.37% [2] - The net profit attributable to shareholders was 22.73 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 52.41% [2] - Operating costs increased by 20.64% year-on-year, driven by business scale expansion [6] - Sales expenses rose by 20.42% due to increased sales personnel compensation and market expansion efforts [6] - Management expenses increased by 26.66%, primarily due to higher salaries for new market management personnel and increased service fees [6] - Financial expenses surged by 247.56%, mainly due to reduced interest income and increased interest expenses [6] Group 2: Strategic Focus and Future Plans - The company plans to enhance technology research and market expansion, particularly in liquid cooling technology and new markets like Thailand and Vietnam [3] - Efforts will be made to optimize production efficiency and reduce fixed costs through better production scheduling and coordination [3] - The company aims to deepen refined management and improve resource allocation to enhance input-output efficiency [3] - Future growth will focus on expanding market share in the server cooling product sector and increasing customer acquisition [5] Group 3: Market and Product Development - The company provides functional structural components for Apple products, with expected order increases following the launch of new devices [4] - Liquid cooling products are focused on the network communication and server sectors, with partnerships established with major domestic and international clients [4][7] - The company has obtained sample qualification from major North American clients and is actively working on product integration [7] - New customer acquisitions include partnerships with major firms like Pegatron, Murata Group, Foxconn, Meta, and Amazon [5] Group 4: Operational Challenges - Profit decline is attributed to multiple factors, including market fluctuations and increased resource investments during strategic expansions [3] - The company is currently in a traditional peak season for consumer electronics, with saturated order levels expected to improve operational metrics [6] - The company is committed to addressing rising costs and optimizing its operational structure to enhance profitability [3][5]

Core Insights - Fund managers are increasingly focusing on the liquid cooling sector, driven by the recent financial reports from major internet companies, indicating a significant rise in capital expenditures related to AI infrastructure [1][2][3] - The liquid cooling technology is seen as a critical upgrade for AI computing facilities, with a growing demand expected as companies invest heavily in this area [2][4] Group 1: Investment Opportunities - Liquid cooling has emerged as the highest yielding sector for fund managers, with companies like Inspur Information, Invec, Feilong Co., and others becoming popular among funds [2][3] - Recent performance data shows that top-performing funds have achieved returns of up to 49.65% in the last month, largely due to heavy investments in the liquid cooling sector [2] - The capital expenditures of major companies like Alibaba and Tencent have significantly increased, with Alibaba reporting a 219.8% year-on-year growth in capital expenditures to 38.68 billion yuan [3] Group 2: Technological Upgrades - The shift from traditional air cooling to liquid cooling is driven by the increasing power density of AI chips, necessitating more efficient cooling solutions [4][5] - Liquid cooling is becoming a technical necessity as the demand for cooling solutions surpasses the limits of traditional air cooling methods, marking a pivotal year for the industry [4][5] - The long-term economic benefits of liquid cooling, including lower lifecycle costs, are making it an essential technology in the industry [4] Group 3: Market Dynamics - The liquid cooling market is expected to see a significant increase in penetration rates, with projections indicating a potential doubling of market share in the coming year [9] - Fund managers emphasize the importance of companies having established relationships with major overseas clients, particularly in the AI sector, as a key factor for investment decisions [6][7] - The liquid cooling sector is anticipated to transition from a phase of speculative trading to one driven by fundamental performance, as companies work to convert technological advancements into tangible results [9]