产业振兴是乡村振兴的重中之重。近年来，随着乡村振兴战略的深入推进，我国"三农"基础不断夯实，乡村产业蓬勃发展。但与此同时， 乡村产业同质化问题日益凸显，成为制约农业增效、农民增收的主要瓶颈。 在乡村产业振兴过程中，如何打破"千乡一面"，因地制宜发展特色产业？如何深耕"一乡一品"，联结上下游实现产业融合？如何通过政策 创新和要素保障，真正做好"土特产"大文章？围绕上述问题，中国民族贸易促进会会长蓝军日前接受了《经济参考报》记者专访。 同质化之困："一哄而上"丰产难丰收 乡村振兴，产业先行。近年来，乡村产业蓬勃发展的同时也出现了"同质化竞争"问题。产品大同小异，市场竞相压价，丰产却难丰收…… 成为不少农户面临的新"烦恼"，也制约了乡村产业和乡村经济的可持续发展。 在蓝军看来，在全国范围内，乡村产业同质化已不鲜见。"特别是在自然条件相近区域某个单一产品突然爆火后，大量种植农户盲目跟风 导致生产规模无序扩大、市场价格剧烈波动的现象频频发生。" "这种'模仿式''跟风式'的发展模式，导致许多地区乡村产业陷入'重复建设—低价竞争—效益低下'的恶性循环。"蓝军提醒，"如果不能有 效解决农村产业同质化问题，单靠农户盲目努力生 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs have jointly introduced 19 measures to innovate financing models for rural "special products" and dedicated financial products to support farmers' income growth [1] Group 1 - The initiative aims to broaden income channels for farmers by transforming local specialties into profitable assets [1] - Various regions are actively innovating and enhancing financial services for rural industries to support wealth generation [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the support from the People's Bank of China and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for eligible enterprises to issue rural revitalization bonds aimed at modern rural industries and the integration of rural industries [1] - The policy aims to enhance financial services for rural reform and promote comprehensive rural revitalization through coordinated policy measures [1] - Financial institutions are encouraged to issue specialized financial bonds for agriculture, small and micro enterprises, and green projects to increase funding in the rural revitalization sector [1] Group 2 - The article outlines the use of various financial tools such as risk compensation, loan interest subsidies, and incentive rewards to mobilize financial resources for rural revitalization [1] - It highlights the role of government financing guarantee institutions in enhancing credit support for agricultural and rural enterprises [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of consolidating and expanding poverty alleviation achievements as a fundamental requirement of socialism aimed at common prosperity, highlighting the policy value of prioritizing agricultural and rural development [1] - The central government has placed significant importance on consolidating poverty alleviation results, with recent policies focusing on improving support systems for rural populations and preventing poverty recurrence [1][2] - In 2024, the per capita disposable income of rural residents is projected to reach 23,119 yuan, reflecting a year-on-year real growth of 6.3%, which is higher than the growth rate of urban residents' disposable income, indicating a narrowing income gap between urban and rural residents [1] Group 2 - Challenges remain in sustaining poverty alleviation efforts, including weak industrial support and low self-development capabilities among some impoverished populations, necessitating coordinated efforts for effective rural revitalization [2] - There is a push for differentiated development of rural backbone industries to address issues of industry homogeneity, promoting deep transformation and upgrading of rural industries [2] - Financial support for consolidating poverty alleviation results is being strengthened, with initiatives aimed at improving rural financial services and credit systems tailored to the needs of farmers [3] Group 3 - The establishment of incentive mechanisms combining support for aspirations and knowledge is being explored, encouraging self-improvement and skill development among impoverished households [3] - The focus is on enhancing employment skills training to help individuals acquire skills that lead to self-sufficiency and economic independence [3]

Core Viewpoint - The Shandong provincial government aims to accelerate the development of rural industries to increase farmers' income, targeting an average disposable income of over 30,000 yuan per capita by 2027 through a series of 20 specific measures [2][4]. Group 1: Rural Industry Development - The implementation plan focuses on the integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, emphasizing the development of six key sectors: grain and oil, fruits, vegetables, livestock, aquaculture, and specialty planting [2][3]. - A strategy of "one county, one policy; one town, one industry; one village, one product" will be adopted to create a distinctive rural industry landscape [2][3]. Group 2: Agricultural Processing Upgrade - The plan encourages the development of initial processing of agricultural products by cooperatives, family farms, and small enterprises to enhance quality and efficiency [3]. - Support will be provided for large agricultural enterprises to implement deep processing technologies, aiming for multiple value additions [3]. Group 3: Integration of Agriculture, Culture, and Tourism - The initiative promotes various rural tourism activities, including agricultural experiences, health and wellness, and local handicrafts, to enhance the rural tourism experience [3][4]. - A focus on developing regional tourism clusters and promoting unique local handicrafts through exhibitions will be emphasized [3][4]. Group 4: Rural Service Industry Development - The plan outlines the strengthening of rural commerce and logistics, including the establishment of logistics centers and service stations in rural areas [4]. - New industries such as rural e-commerce and live streaming sales will be promoted to expand sales channels for rural products [4]. Group 5: Financial Support and Policy Measures - The implementation plan includes utilizing industry funds and local government bonds to support the sustainable development of rural industries [4]. - Financial institutions will be encouraged to create tailored credit, insurance, and guarantee products for rural industries, along with support for returning entrepreneurs and young innovators [4].