（来源：光明日报） 转自：光明日报 科研人员通过微米级脑机接口混合现实，精准呈现脑机接口与大鼠大脑主要血管和脑组织的空间位置关 系。新华社发 中科院合肥物质科学研究院聚变堆主机关键 系统综合研究设施的八分之一真空室及总体安装系统主体平台。新华社发 【圆桌对话】 主持人 湖南长沙，学生在校园科技节上体验"脑机星球"。新华社发 2025世界人形机器人运动会上，人形机器人正在进行自由搏击赛。新华社发 本报记者 陈之殷 与谈人 任声策 同济大学上海国际知识产权学院创新与竞争研究中心主任、教授 熊鸿儒 国务院发展研究中心创新发展研究部第三研究室主任、研究员 李艺铭 工业和信息化部赛迪研究院未来产业研究中心副所长、研究员 编者按 伴随着新一轮科技革命与产业变革，未来产业已成为各国抢占科技制高点、培育新增长极的核心赛 场。《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》）明确提 出"前瞻布局未来产业，探索多元技术路线、典型应用场景、可行商业模式、市场监管规则，推动量子 科技、生物制造、氢能和核聚变能、脑机接口、具身智能、第六代移动通信等成为新的经济增长点"， 这为我国未来产业锚定了清晰的发展方 ...

3. 澳新银行：降低利率不足以解决泰国的经济增长问题 澳新银行研究负责东南亚和印度的首席经济学家Sanjay Mathur在一份报告中说，降低利率不足以解决泰 国的经济增长问题。他指出，2025年下半年的增长受到短途游客减少和泰国南部洪灾的影响。然而，泰 国2026年的前景受到结构性因素的影响，包括收入增长放缓和出口可能会对家庭消费造成压力。他表 示："可能推迟至议会选举结束的刺激性财政政策，以及（泰铢）更具竞争力，同样至关重要。"澳新银 行继续预计，央行将在2026年第一季度将其政策利率再下调25个基点。 4. 分析师：英国央行很可能会把任何降息行动描述为渐进的风险管理转变 2. 荷兰合作银行：2026年欧元兑美元上行空间受限，或维持区间震荡 交易平台Capital.com高级市场分析师Daniela Hathorn说："由于通胀率仍高于目标，服务业价格看起来仍 有粘性，英国央行政策制定者不太可能发出明显的鸽派信号。相反，英国央行很可能会把任何降息行动 描述为渐进的风险管理转变，而不是全面的宽松周期。" 荷兰合作银行外汇分析师简·弗利指出，尽管德国财政支出有望于明年最终推动该国经济摆脱停滞，但 欧元市场已为 ...

Core Insights - The global green hydrogen market is expected to experience explosive growth, with the market size projected to increase from $2.79 billion in 2025 to nearly $75 billion by 2032, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 60% [1] - The industry is currently facing a contradiction between long-term scaling prospects and short-term implementation challenges, including project delays and policy disputes [1] Market Drivers - The primary drivers of market growth include global net-zero emissions commitments, a surge in renewable energy installations, and rising demand for clean transportation solutions [1] - These factors are anticipated to facilitate a rapid transition from the current pilot phase to industrialization and commoditization by 2032 [1] Technology and Energy Supply - Alkaline electrolysis technology is expected to dominate the market with a 61.2% share in 2024, benefiting from low capital expenditure and high reliability due to over 20 years of industrial application [1] - Wind energy is projected to be the leading renewable energy source for green hydrogen production, contributing 48.9% of the market share in 2024, particularly benefiting from offshore wind's capacity factor exceeding 50% [1] End-User Demand - The transportation sector is projected to account for 57.7% of the green hydrogen market in 2024, driven by heavy-duty transport, long-haul freight, and shipping, where battery electric solutions face limitations [2] - There is a notable divergence in current green hydrogen demand, which remains concentrated in traditional industrial applications like refining and ammonia production, highlighting a gap between operational realities and future demand focus [2] Regional Development - North America is expected to be the fastest-growing region for green hydrogen, with a CAGR of 69.7%, largely driven by the tax credit provisions of the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act [2] - Despite this growth potential, the region faces uncertainties related to the Treasury Department's guidance on hydrogen production, which could impact project development timelines [2] Industry Challenges - Major companies like Shell and BP have recently scaled back or canceled key projects due to regulatory uncertainties and higher-than-expected renewable electricity costs [2] - Analysts suggest that the industry is transitioning from speculative announcements to tangible projects with purchase agreements and viable economic models, which is crucial for realizing the market potential of $75 billion [2]

常纪文说，面对欧盟碳边境调节机制等国际绿色贸易要求，我国可将钢铁、电解铝、化工等面临减排压力的产业，与风光发电基地进行区位耦合，或利用跨 区域输送的绿电开展低碳转型。 国务院发展研究中心资源与环境政策研究所副所长常纪文在会上发言。（王吉如 摄） 依托系统的能源优势打造系统的产业优势成为工作抓手。常纪文说，面对欧盟碳边境调节机制等国际绿色贸易要求，我国可将钢铁、电解铝、化工等面临减 排压力的产业，与风光发电基地进行区位耦合，或利用跨区域输送的绿电开展低碳转型。"耦合路径必须立足本地资源禀赋，发展具有能源特色的重化工业 升级版，将清洁能源优势转化为产业竞争优势。" 先行实践已展开探索。常纪文在演讲中介绍，中石化在鄂尔多斯启动的全球最大绿氢耦合煤化工项目，该项目通过风光发电制氢，每年可减少二氧化碳排放 143万吨；全国首条跨省绿氢管道"内蒙古—京津冀"示范工程已获批，建成后年输氢能力可达50万吨，为石化、炼化等产业提供绿氢替代。此外，福田氢燃 料重卡已应用于京津塘高速干线物流，湖北黄石率先投放氢能源两轮车，意味着氢能正从工业领域走向民生交通领域。 新华财经广州12月9日电（记者印朋、吕光一）"统筹构建新型能源体系和 ...

阿尔卡布透露，阿尔及利亚已启动南部绿氢走廊项目高级别对话。该项目旨在将阿尔及利亚的绿氢输送 至欧洲，已获得欧盟的直接支持，UNIDO将作为技术秘书处为阿方提供技术支持。据悉，阿尔及利亚 2026年财政法案包含重要激励措施，例如对电解槽和太阳能板免征关税和其他税费，以支持此关键领域 的发展。 《消息报》11月24日报道，阿尔及利亚国务部长兼油气和矿业部长阿尔卡布在联合国工业发展组织 （UNIDO）第二十一届大会期间出席"通过投资与创新开发绿氢潜能"会议。阿尔卡布在讲话中表示， 阿选择将绿氢作为能源转型的核心，强调发展绿氢产业是实现可持续、多元化、低排放工业增长的关键 支柱。他介绍了阿尔及利亚于2023年制定的国家氢能战略的主要内容，该战略包含一条具体的路线图， 包括完善监管框架、启动示范项目、逐步扩大生产规模、建设涵盖整个价值链的综合产业，从而提升国 家出口能力。 ...

Core Points - ACWA Power's NOMAC China headquarters was officially inaugurated in Suzhou Industrial Park on November 9, with attendance from local government officials and the CEO of ACWA Power [1][2] - ACWA Power, based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, operates in clean energy sectors including power generation, seawater desalination, green hydrogen, and renewable energy sources like solar and wind [2] - The establishment of the headquarters aligns with Suzhou's "dual carbon" strategy, promoting green and low-carbon economic development [2] Group 1 - The inauguration of ACWA Power's NOMAC China headquarters signifies a commitment to enhancing cooperation in renewable energy and water management projects [1][2] - Suzhou aims to deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with Saudi Arabia, focusing on building a resilient and competitive new energy industry system [2] - ACWA Power expresses optimism about the Chinese market and plans to expand investments in renewable energy, green hydrogen, and seawater desalination [2]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes China's growing advantages in the new energy revolution, particularly in wind, solar, energy storage, nuclear fusion, and green hydrogen sectors, suggesting that the U.S. needs to be cautious of its position [1][15]. Wind Energy - China has transformed from a follower to a rule-maker in the wind energy sector, boasting the largest installed capacity globally and significant advancements in technology, such as the development of a 7 MW offshore wind turbine main shaft bearing [3]. - The introduction of the world's largest 17 MW direct-drive floating offshore wind turbine, with all key components made in China, highlights China's dominance [3]. - China's advancements in deep-sea wind energy technologies, such as the domestically developed "high-drag towing anchor technology," have received international certification, establishing new benchmarks [3]. Solar Energy - China holds a commanding position in the solar energy market, with Chinese innovators accounting for 59% of global solar cell and module-related patent applications [4]. - Companies like Dongfang Risen have achieved an average mass production efficiency of 26.2% for heterojunction solar cells, indicating a significant technological lead [4][5]. - The article suggests that China is defining the global standards for the next generation of solar technology, while U.S. tariffs may hinder its own industry [5]. Energy Storage - As of September 2025, China's new energy storage installed capacity exceeds 40% of the global total, showcasing both scale and technological leadership [8]. - Innovations in battery technology, including advancements in lithium-ion, sodium-ion, and all-vanadium flow batteries, demonstrate China's diverse technological breakthroughs [8]. - The Guangdong Meizhou Baohua energy storage project has pioneered a "quantity-based pricing" model in the electricity spot market, setting a global benchmark for energy storage commercialization [8]. Nuclear Fusion - China has achieved significant breakthroughs in nuclear fusion technology, including the successful development of second-generation high-temperature superconducting tape for fusion reactors, indicating a shift towards self-sufficiency in core materials [9][11]. - The majority of critical components for U.S. fusion projects, such as the TF magnet, rely on Chinese suppliers, highlighting potential supply chain vulnerabilities for the U.S. [12]. Green Hydrogen - China's integrated capabilities in the green hydrogen sector are exemplified by the National Energy Investment Group's project, which has set multiple global records in green ammonia and hydrogen production [13]. - Collaborations between companies and research institutions have led to significant advancements in PEM electrolysis technology, reducing reliance on imported materials [13]. - China's dominance in ultra-high voltage transmission networks further solidifies its position, as the international standards set by China may dictate future U.S. infrastructure developments [13]. Conclusion - The article concludes that U.S. policymakers must recognize the tightening grip of China's industrial chain advantages in the new energy revolution, presenting a stark choice between cooperation and strategic disadvantage [15].

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the investment value of significant events, industry chain companies, and key policy interpretations [1] - The company has launched a thorium-based molten salt nuclear power project, with multiple products applicable in green hydrogen preparation, storage, and transportation [1] - The company supports advanced process NAND/DRAM/logic chips with 12-inch silicon wafers, which have been validated by mainstream customers [1]

Core Insights - The article discusses the intersection of the century's changes and the energy revolution, emphasizing the critical role of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in the aviation industry's sustainable development [1] Industry Overview - China's SAF demand is projected to reach 3 million tons by 2030 and 86 million tons by 2050, indicating a persistent supply-demand gap [1][3] - The current average cost of SAF is approximately three times that of traditional aviation fuel, creating significant short-term investment return pressures for companies [1][10] Policy and Market Dynamics - The introduction of new national contribution targets provides a stable policy guarantee for the industry, encouraging companies to develop actionable energy transition strategies [2][3] - The policy framework is evolving to create a closed loop driven by goals, technology support, and market forces, particularly benefiting key areas like SAF, green hydrogen, and carbon capture [3][4] Technological Developments - Companies are focusing on various technological pathways to address raw material cost challenges in SAF production, including Ecofining and eFining processes [8][10] - The introduction of green hydrogen catalyst coating membrane (CCM) technology significantly enhances hydrogen production efficiency and reduces costs, addressing key challenges in green hydrogen production [8][10] Challenges and Opportunities - The lack of mandatory SAF blending policies in China presents challenges, but strong market demand, corporate ESG strategies, and supportive policy signals are driving SAF adoption [3][4] - The industry faces structural challenges, including the need for integrated players to coordinate across the entire supply chain and establish standardized practices [9][10]

Core Insights - The intersection of the century's changes and the energy revolution is leading to a historic restructuring across various industries, with sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) being crucial for the sustainable development of the aviation industry [1][2] Industry Overview - China's SAF demand is projected to reach 3 million tons by 2030 and 86 million tons by 2050, indicating a persistent supply-demand gap [2][3] - The current average cost of SAF is approximately three times that of traditional aviation fuel, creating significant short-term investment return pressures for companies [1][11] Policy and Market Dynamics - The introduction of new national contribution targets provides a stable policy guarantee for the industry, encouraging companies to develop actionable energy transition strategies [1][3] - The policy framework is being constructed to create a closed loop driven by goals, technology, and market forces, particularly benefiting key areas like SAF, green hydrogen, and carbon capture [2][10] Challenges and Opportunities - The lack of mandatory SAF blending policies in China presents challenges, but strong market demand, corporate ESG strategies, and supportive policy signals are driving SAF adoption [3][11] - The potential of using waste cooking oil for SAF production is limited by raw material availability, with only about 5 million tons of recoverable kitchen oil in China, which is insufficient to meet the projected SAF demand [4][5] Technological Innovations - Honeywell is focusing on breakthrough innovations and local adaptations in technology development to address the challenges of industrialization in the SAF sector [8][9] - The company is developing various technological routes, including Ecofining and eFining processes, to optimize raw material utilization and reduce costs [9][11] Future Outlook - The energy transition in China is characterized by multi-technology parallelism and cross-industry collaboration, necessitating a balance between breaking traditional energy dependencies and establishing feasible pathways [10][11] - The integration of carbon capture, green hydrogen production, and SAF synthesis is seen as a promising closed-loop solution for sustainable fuel production [11]