如今美国特朗普政府再次推动了关税战，并且是先拿美国的盟友开刀，美国已经宣布对于日本和韩国产 品加征25%的关税，同时对于加拿大也不客气，宣布对于来自加拿大的产品加征35%的关税，显然如今 美国已经不顾盟友的情谊，而是要对盟友出重拳。目前美国还没公布对于欧盟的关税，不过从美国对于 其他盟友的动作来看，美国对于欧盟不会手软，因为欧盟有27个成员国，如果美国给予欧盟10%的基本 关税，会让美国的关税战的作用大为降低，实际上从日本和韩国的遭遇就已经可以看得出来。 在美国推动关税战的时候，欧洲已经面临了巨大的危机，欧盟和美国有着密切的贸易往来，为此如果美 国对欧盟加征高额的关税，就直接冲击欧洲企业的竞争力。从美国的动作来看，对于欧盟是不会手下留 情的。美国和欧盟在多个领域有竞争关系，包括在航空领域，美国和欧洲不仅仅在民用航空器领域有竞 争，在军用飞机领域也是对手。欧洲研制的台风战斗机、阵风战斗机和鹰狮战斗机，对于美国的四代战 斗机造成了很大的冲击，如今JAS-39鹰狮战斗机已经进入了南美市场，台风战斗机和阵风战斗机在中东 有很大的市场份额。 从德国要增购F-35A闪电II战斗机来看，很有可能是为了迎合美国发动的关税战， ...

德国国防部发言人：除了已经宣布的35架之外，没有购买额外F-35战斗机的计划。 ...

金十数据7月11日讯，据Politico周五援引多位知情人士报道，德国计划再购买15架F-35战斗机，此举将 使该国计划拥有的美国制造的战机数量增至50架。这一消息发布之际，德国与法国在联合法德战斗机 FCAS合作项目上出现紧张关系。此前有报道称，法国方面如今要求获得80%的工作份额。一位业内人 士透露，这一要求将打破原先商定的任务分配，并可能导致该项目无法进入下一阶段。据报道，德国此 番追加订单，也符合北约盟国间达成的一项新协议——未来十年内将集体防务支出目标提高至占GDP的 5%，此举旨在应对俄罗斯构成的长期威胁，并强化民事和军事韧性。 Politico：德国计划再购买15架F-35战斗机 ...

来源：环球时报 在1999年北约侵犯南斯拉夫联盟共和国期间，当时作为南联盟防空部队一员的塞尔维亚第250防空旅， 因为运用第二代防空导弹萨姆-3击落一架北约的美国F-117A隐形战斗机而名声大噪。这也是公开记录 中，人类战争史上首次运用防空导弹击落隐形战机。二十多年后，这支塞尔维亚的英雄部队因为大方展 示新换装的中国防空导弹武器系统再度成为世界的焦点。装备先进的中国武器装备究竟是一种什么体 验？拥有出色实战战绩的塞尔维亚第250防空导弹旅又是如何看待中国的防空武器装备？该旅防空指挥 官达利博尔·亚历西奇（Dalibor Aleksic）少校近期在接受《环球时报》记者专访时，从用户角度分享了 中国防空利器的"使用体验"。 "能被中国人民认可我感到很欣慰" 2022年4月，一则"中国运20大型运输机向塞尔维亚运送防空导弹"的消息经外媒报道引起轰动，随后， 中国外交部发言人在例行记者会上回应称，为落实中国和塞尔维亚双边合作计划，中方派遣空军运输机 向塞尔维亚运送常规军事物资，这是中塞双方年度计划内合作项目。此后一年，塞尔维亚国防部在官网 上发布消息称，时任塞尔维亚国防部长武切维奇和中国驻塞尔维亚大使，参观了装备FK ...

Group 1 - The third Weihai University Student Entrepreneurship Competition was held, showcasing 30 high-quality projects [2] - The competition attracted 173 young entrepreneurs, with 30 projects selected across various fields including high-tech shipbuilding, electromagnetic image recognition, and aviation engine equipment [2][4] - The event included over 30 training sessions aimed at enhancing participants' skills, benefiting more than 300 individuals [2] Group 2 - The competition is part of Weihai's broader initiative to stimulate innovation and entrepreneurship among university students, as outlined in the "Entrepreneurship Weihai" action plan [4] - The plan aims to support over 19,000 entrepreneurs and create more than 50,000 jobs by 2026, with annual goals for nurturing specialized enterprises and providing financial support [4] - The "Entrepreneurship Accompaniment Space" has already attracted 415 small enterprises, creating over 2,300 jobs, highlighting its role in supporting micro and small businesses [3]

Core Points - A Chinese fighter jet reportedly approached a Japanese Self-Defense Force aircraft in the East China Sea, raising concerns about airspace safety [1][3] - The incident involved a Chinese JH-7 fighter-bomber and a Japanese YS-11EB electronic reconnaissance aircraft [3] - Japan's Ministry of Defense has been analyzing the situation, following similar incidents in the past month involving Chinese J-15 fighter jets tracking Japanese P-3C patrol aircraft [3] Summary by Sections - **Incident Details** - On June 7 and 8, Chinese J-15 fighter jets tracked Japanese P-3C patrol aircraft for approximately 40 and 80 minutes, respectively, with one instance where the Chinese jet came within about 45 meters of the Japanese aircraft [3] - The Japanese Defense Ministry reported these incidents as part of ongoing surveillance operations in international airspace [3] - **Responses from China** - The Chinese Ministry of Defense has refuted Japan's claims, stating that their military activities are lawful and professional, urging Japan to cease provocative actions that could escalate tensions [3][4] - Chinese officials emphasized that Japan's reconnaissance activities are the root cause of the airspace safety risks [4]

欧洲防务初创公司：数年内可部署无人驾驶战斗机 实现超视距空战 智通财经7月10日电，欧洲最具价值的防务技术初创公司Helsing表示，在完成两次测试飞行后，欧洲可 以在几年时间内实现无人驾驶战斗机的部署。Helsing公司预计数年内AI控制战斗机实现超视距空战， 其AI系统仅用72小时就积累了相当于飞行员100万小时的经验。 ...

美国总统特朗普通过书信的方式，在7月8日告知对日"对等关税"税率为25%，但到8月1日正式启动前， 日本依然有谈判的机会。 对于原本24%的税率，通过三个月来经济再生担当大臣赤泽亮正七次赴美、首相石破茂亲自与特朗普交 涉，不仅没有降低，反而提升了一个点……对这一新税率，石破表示了"遗憾"，做出让对策本部"继续 交涉"的指示。但舆论普遍认为，让美国改变税率已相当艰难。 日本自上个世纪六十年代开始，基本每十年便会和美国发生一场贸易战。攻防的内容从纺织品变为钢铁 后，进入到了家电、半导体阶段，最后汽车成为了对美出口赚取大量盈余的大宗产品。日本熟悉美国的 套路，总能看似败下阵来、但实际上只是换了攻防内容，对美出口保持长期盈利的态势。谈判上妥协， 让贸易得到实惠，只要日本能够从美国获利，舆论、外交上的败退对日本来说不是多大的事。 但是，这次不一样。 汽车等产品再能盈利，想获得25%以上的利润以便对冲25%的税率，并非易事。让日元汇率下调逾25% ——换句话说，将目前的1美元兑换146日元，下调到182日元以上——在美国想让美元汇率贬值的时 候，恐怕也不容易。 于是，有了日本舆论对特朗普关税的愤怒，有了石破罕见地向美国表 ...

《环球时报》记者梳理这8家实体主营业务后发现，汉翔航空工业股份有限公司研发了台空军"经国"号 战斗机、"勇鹰"高级教练机等台"自研"飞机，并参与台军购买的美国F-16战斗机的维护与升级。该公司 还承担着台军无人机项目的研发。中山科学研究院是台军武器装备研发的主力单位，目前台军装备 的"天弓"防空导弹、"天剑"系列导弹、"雄风"系列反舰导弹、"雷霆2000"多管火箭系统均由其研发。经 纬航太科技公司、仲硕科技股份有限公司均主要从事无人机研发。攻卫股份有限公司主要承担台军防弹 衣、背心、盾牌、防爆漆及特勤特工专用防砍防割衣、防割裤、战术防割手套等军警规格专业用品的研 发。 来源：环球 【环球时报特约记者 陈立非 环球时报记者 丁雅栀 樊巍 环球时报特约记者 余见】9日，商务部公告将汉 翔航空工业股份有限公司等8家台湾地区实体列入两用物项出口管制管控名单。国务院台办发言人陈斌 华表示，赖清德上台以来，顽固坚持"台独"立场，大肆宣扬分裂谬论，妄图"倚外谋独""以武谋独"，部 分台湾地区实体参与其中，助纣为虐。《环球时报》记者注意到，此次被商务部列入相关名单的实体涉 及台湾关键军工研发制造机构，涵盖航空、导弹、舰艇及潜 ...

Quantitative Models and Construction Methods - **Model Name**: Guozheng Aerospace and Aviation Industry Index (CN5082.CNI) **Model Construction Idea**: The index is designed to reflect the market performance of aerospace and aviation industry companies listed on the Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Beijing Stock Exchanges [41][42] **Model Construction Process**: 1. **Sample Space**: Select A-shares and red-chip enterprises' depositary receipts that meet the following conditions: - Non-ST/*ST securities - Listed for over 1 year (for STAR Market and Beijing Stock Exchange securities) or over 6 months (for other securities) - No major violations or financial reporting issues in the past year - No abnormal price fluctuations during the observation period - Belong to the aerospace and aviation industry under Guozheng's tertiary industry classification [43] 2. **Candidate Pool**: - Calculate the average daily free-float market capitalization and average daily trading volume over the past six months for eligible securities - Exclude the bottom 10% of securities ranked by trading volume if the pool exceeds 10 securities [43] 3. **Sample Selection**: - If the candidate pool contains ≤30 securities, all are included - If the pool contains 30<N≤50 securities, select securities covering 85% of free-float market capitalization, rounded to the nearest multiple of 10 [43] - If the pool contains >50 securities, select securities covering 85% of free-float market capitalization, rounded to the nearest multiple of 10, capped at 50 securities [43] 4. **Weighting**: Free-float market capitalization weighting [43] 5. **Adjustment**: Regular adjustments occur semi-annually, with temporary adjustments for special cases like delisting or corporate actions [44] **Model Evaluation**: The index is highly focused on the aerospace and aviation sector, with a strong representation of small-cap stocks and high exposure to the defense industry [44][47] Model Backtesting Results - **Guozheng Aerospace and Aviation Industry Index**: - **Annualized Return**: 6.26% (past five years) [61][62] - **Sharpe Ratio**: 0.33 (past five years) [61][62] - **Maximum Drawdown**: -55.93% (past five years) [61][62] - **Annualized Volatility**: 34.13% (past five years) [61][62] - **Recent Performance**: 33.78% return in the past year, outperforming other broad-based indices and military-themed indices [64][66] - **Bull Market Elasticity**: Demonstrated strong performance during bull market periods, with gains of 40.56%, 50.90%, and 38.36% in specific intervals [65] Quantitative Factors and Construction Methods - **Factor Name**: "Military Exposure" **Factor Construction Idea**: Focus on stocks with high exposure to the defense industry, particularly aerospace and aviation [47][55] **Factor Construction Process**: - Select stocks with significant involvement in defense-related activities, such as aircraft manufacturing, satellite technology, and unmanned systems [47][55] - Weight stocks based on their free-float market capitalization [43][55] **Factor Evaluation**: The factor achieves high representation of military-related stocks, with 97% of the index's components belonging to the defense industry [47][55] - **Factor Name**: "Aerospace Exposure" **Factor Construction Idea**: Emphasize stocks within the aerospace and aviation sub-sector [47][60] **Factor Construction Process**: - Identify stocks classified under the aerospace and aviation sub-sector [47][60] - Weight stocks based on their free-float market capitalization [43][60] **Factor Evaluation**: The factor has a high concentration in aerospace stocks, with 51% of the index's weight allocated to this sub-sector [47][60] Factor Backtesting Results - **Military Exposure Factor**: - **Representation**: 97% of index components belong to the defense industry [47][55] - **Aerospace Exposure Factor**: - **Representation**: 51% of index weight allocated to aerospace stocks [47][60] - **Unmanned Systems Factor**: - **Representation**: Over 12% of index weight allocated to stocks involved in unmanned systems, such as drones [60]