Core Viewpoint - The economic data for July indicates a slowdown in China's economy, with both supply and demand sides experiencing challenges, leading to a mixed outlook for various sectors [1][3]. Consumption - Retail sales growth in July was 3.7%, below the market expectation of 4.8%, influenced by extreme weather and other short-term factors [4][5]. - The growth rate of commodity consumption fell to 4%, with notable resilience in demand for essential goods like grain and oil (8.6%) and home appliances (28.7%) [4][5]. - Service retail sales growth slightly decreased to 5.2%, with cultural and tourism consumption supported by government subsidies [7][8]. Fixed Asset Investment - Fixed asset investment growth was 1.6%, down 1.2 percentage points from the previous month, with infrastructure investment at 7.3% and manufacturing investment at 6.2% [9][12]. - Real estate investment continued to decline, with a year-on-year drop of 12%, and sales volume and value of commercial housing also decreased significantly [12][14]. Import and Export - July saw better-than-expected performance in imports and exports, with export growth in dollar terms rising to 7.2%, driven by strong demand from non-US regions [18][19]. - Trade surplus expanded to $98.24 billion, a year-on-year increase of 14.9% [18][19]. Supply - Industrial production showed stable growth, with a year-on-year increase of 5.7%, supported by resilient exports and government policies [21][22]. - The service sector maintained a growth rate of 6.0%, although there are concerns about the sustainability of this growth [21][22]. Inflation - Price pressures remained, with CPI inflation at 0% and PPI inflation at -3.6%, influenced by seasonal factors and international trade uncertainties [23][24]. Outlook - The economic outlook suggests rising uncertainties in external demand and persistent internal demand issues, with recent policies aimed at boosting consumption and investment expected to take effect gradually [25].

Export Performance - In July, China's export year-on-year growth rate recorded 7.2%, an increase of 1.3 percentage points from the previous month, but the month-on-month growth rate is below the median of the past five years[3] - The rebound in export growth is primarily due to a lower base from the same period last year, while the month-on-month growth rate remains below the five-year median[6] - Exports to the US have decreased, but support from European recovery and deepening cooperation with Latin America and Africa has bolstered exports[7] Import Performance - China's import year-on-year growth rate in July exceeded expectations at 4.1%, up 3 percentage points from the previous month, with month-on-month growth significantly above the five-year average[3] - The increase in imports is driven by continuous domestic production expansion and a notable drop in commodity prices from June, stimulating higher imports of energy and industrial raw materials[6] - Specific imports such as copper saw significant increases, with copper ore rising by 33.1% and unwrought copper by 11.3%[16] Economic Outlook - Despite a downward trend in export centrality, the contribution to economic growth is expected to remain stable, supported by European fiscal expansion and potential unexpected rate cuts by the Federal Reserve[4] - Risks include potential underperformance in domestic economic recovery, unexpected declines in demand from developed countries, and uncertainties in import-export policies[23]

Core Viewpoint - July exports increased by 7.2% year-on-year, surpassing the growth rates of 5.7% in Q1 and 6.2% in Q2, driven by global trade dynamics and base effects [1][5][6] Export Performance - Exports to the US decreased by 21.7% year-on-year, while exports to ASEAN remained stable at around 16-17%. Exports to the EU, Latin America, and Africa accelerated, with exports to Africa reaching 42.4% year-on-year [1][8] - The overall export growth is supported by a low base effect from July 2023, which saw a decline of 14.3% [7] Product Analysis - Traditional labor-intensive products (textiles, bags, clothing, toys) showed a combined decline of 1.3% year-on-year. In contrast, high-end equipment exports, such as automobiles and integrated circuits, maintained strong growth rates of 18.6% and 29.2% respectively [2][9][11] - Traditional electronic products like mobile phones and automatic data processing equipment experienced significant declines of 21.8% and 9.6% respectively [10] Economic Outlook - The GDP growth rate for the first half of the year was 5.3%. Factors expected to slow down growth in the second half include a new round of real estate sales decline and the exhaustion of "export rush" effects [4][13] - The import growth rate rose to 4.1% in July, with significant increases in imports of crude oil, refined oil, copper, and integrated circuits, indicating a rise in raw material demand [12]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the postponement of reciprocal tariffs by Trump as a strategic move, highlighting the limited trade agreements with certain economies and the inability to bear the costs of comprehensive tariff increases [1][3]. Tariff Adjustments - The new tariff standards announced by Trump show significant increases for certain countries, with Mexico and Canada facing over 30% increases, Brazil's tariffs rising from 10% to 50%, and the EU's tariffs increasing from 20% to 30% [1][3]. - The average U.S. import tariff has risen by 5.6 percentage points to 28.9% since the initial version in April, with the most significant increases for Brazil, Canada, and Mexico [3][4]. Impact on Exports - The overall increase in U.S. import tariffs may shrink the total import "pie," potentially affecting China's export share, while higher tariffs from other countries could allow China to regain market share [4][10]. - Household appliances, light manufacturing, and electrical equipment are expected to benefit the most from the tariff changes, with a potential final tariff increase of only 10% for China [7][9]. Export Performance - China's export growth rate in June was recorded at 5.8%, a 1 percentage point increase from May, indicating strong export resilience [10][11]. - The increase in exports is attributed to the easing of U.S.-China trade tensions, leading to a significant rebound in exports to the U.S. [10][11]. Trade Surplus - China's trade surplus expanded to $114.77 billion in June, continuing to grow, with future attention on the potential impacts of the second round of reciprocal tariffs [24].

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry or Company Involved - The records primarily discuss the impact of the Middle East situation on asset prices and the current state of China's export market. Key Points and Arguments Export Market Analysis - In May, China's exports grew by 4.8%, a decrease of 3.3 percentage points from April, but still showing resilience. Adjusted for fewer working days, the growth could reach 15.8% [2][3] - The trade talks between China and the US led to a temporary reduction of tariffs on Chinese goods to 10%, resulting in the release of some backlog orders [2] - Exports to the US saw a significant decline of 34.5%, while exports to the EU and Africa increased by 14.8% and 33.3%, respectively [2] - High-tech products and equipment manufacturing, such as automobiles and general machinery, showed strong export growth, while labor-intensive products faced negative growth [2][3] - The overall export outlook remains under pressure for the year, but a diversified market strategy may mitigate the negative impacts of US tariffs [3] Impact of Middle East Turmoil - The turmoil in the Middle East has a limited direct impact on the domestic market, but it may cause short-term fluctuations and long-term structural changes [1][4] - Historical data indicates that conflicts in the Middle East have had a relatively minor effect on A-shares and Hong Kong stocks, with markets typically showing narrow fluctuations during such events [6] - In the short term, the impact on various industries is not significant, but prolonged conflicts could benefit sectors like resources and transportation [7][8] Credit and Economic Conditions - In May, new RMB loans amounted to 620 billion, an increase of 340 billion from April but a decrease of 3.3 billion from the previous year [9] - The decline in credit growth is attributed to local government debt replacement and weakened effective demand [9][10] - The current economic transformation suggests that excessively high credit growth is not desirable, as it may undermine the sustainability of bank support for the real economy [12] Market Trends and Future Outlook - The market is expected to remain in a consolidation phase, with limited upward or downward trends in the near term [8] - Small-cap stocks have shown strong performance, but there may be a shift towards large-cap stocks in the coming weeks [13] - The overall market is anticipated to maintain a volatile yet stable trajectory, with a focus on whether trading volumes can support upward movements [13] Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content - The geopolitical situation in the Middle East, particularly the conflict between Israel and Iran, is likely to be a focal point for discussions but may not dominate market trends [8] - The potential for new policy financial tools to stimulate credit growth suggests that concerns about future credit expansion may be overstated [11]

从出口国别看，对美出口增速降幅连续扩大，对东盟、欧盟出口增速较快。分地区看，5月中国对美国 出口增速大幅下滑至-34.5%，降幅较上月大幅扩大13.5个百分点，美国在中国出口比重下滑至9.1%。 （原标题：袁海霞 ：出口韧性犹存 关税博弈下需多策并举稳外贸） 2025年5月中国进出口总金额5289.8亿美元，同比增长1.3%。其中，出口金额3161亿美元，同比增长 4.8%；进口金额2128.8亿美元，同比-3.4%；贸易顺差为1032.2亿美元，同比增长26.86%。1—5月，中 国进出口总额累计同比增长1.3%，其中，出口累计同比增长6%，进口累计同比下降4.9%。 中诚信国际研究院院长袁海霞表示，5月"抢出口"退坡，出口增速有所放缓但仍强于季节性，出口韧性 仍存。 5月中国出口金额3161亿元，同比增长4.8%，分别较上月和去年同期下降3.3和2.6个百分点。原因有 二：一是"抢转口"减弱，5月对东盟出口增速较上月下降近6个百分点，中美关税大幅下降下"抢转口"必 要性减弱；二是中美贸易谈判取得超预期进展，一定程度上稳定了市场预期，"抢出口"必要性下降。从 高频数据看，截至5月25日当周，中国监测港口集装 ...

对权益资产来说，4月以来市场在一次性风险计提之后，基于逆周期政策"对冲"和贸易环境"冲回"两大逻辑，已逐步定价了基本面的"下限抬高"。下一阶段的关键 在于能否进一步推动内需短板领域的积极变化，以进一步打开"上限"。 广发宏观周度述评（第14期） 广发宏观周度述评（第1-13期，复盘必读） 内容 第一， 下限已经抬高，上限尚待打开。 5月12日中美日内瓦经贸会谈联合声明发布，双边关税出现较大幅度下调，中美贸易短期内排除了极端情形。值得注意的 是，关税下调落地后，海外进口商在90天确定性较高的窗口期内有一定程度"抢进口"的迹象，部分航线一舱难求再现[1]。我们估计短期内出口仍不会差。 经济年初以来的拉动因素主要集中在出口和"两新"，一季度出口交货值同比达6.7%，是经济的支点之一；设备工器具投资、家电销售季度增速分别达19.0%、 19.3%，在投资、消费端形成另外两个支点。 出口短期下行风险排除后，这三个支点依旧成立，经济的下限假设将较前期加税时的审慎预期有所上修。 但值得注意的是，"924"以来本轮稳增长政策的逻辑起点本来就不是关税，而是名义增长中枢问题。目前经济的四个短板领域仍是地产、消费、地方投资、物价。 ...

证券研究报告 宏观经济点评 2025 年 05 月 12 日 4 月外贸数据点评："抢转口"为出口提供韧性 [Table_Author] 魏争 分析师 沈夏宜 分析师 证书:S1320524100001 证书:S1320523020004 Email:weizheng@lczq.com Email:shenxiayi@lczq.com 2025.05.08 投资要点： 4 月出口仍具韧性。以美元计价，4 月出口增速 8.1%，高于一季度出口增 速 6.4%，远超万得一致预期增速 0.8%。出口仍然具备韧性，主要源于 "抢转口"对出口的支撑。环比上看，4 月出口环比增速 0.6%，高于季 节性，同时，考虑到 3 月份抢出口冲量，4 月环比增速仍具韧性，指向出 口动能仍存。 分地区看，对美出口降温，对加拿大、东盟、拉美地区出口大幅提升。新 兴经济体方面，4 月，我国对东盟出口增速较上月几乎翻倍，其中，对越 南出口增速高达 22.5%。对印度出口增速 21.7%。我国对拉丁美洲出口增 速提升明显。发达经济体方面，对美国出口降温。同时，对加拿大、欧盟 出口提升。数据上看，4 月份出口"抢转口"迹象明显：中国对东盟、欧 ...

Core Viewpoint - In April 2025, China's exports grew by 8.1% year-on-year, exceeding the 5.8% growth in the first quarter, despite the impact of new U.S. tariffs implemented on April 2 [2][6] Export Performance Analysis - The resilience in exports can be attributed to a 21.0% year-on-year decline in exports to the U.S., which, while significant, was better than expected. Exports to ASEAN, India, Africa, and Latin America saw year-on-year growth rates of 20.8%, 21.7%, 25.3%, and 17.3%, respectively, effectively offsetting the decline [2][8][10] - Major export categories showed mixed results, with labor-intensive products like textiles, bags, clothing, and toys experiencing a combined year-on-year decline of 0.8%. Electronics, particularly mobile phones, were significantly affected by tariffs, with year-on-year declines of 21.4% for phones and 1.7% for automatic data processing equipment. Home appliances and furniture also saw low growth rates of -2.9% and -7.8%, respectively. However, automotive exports increased slightly by 4.4%, surpassing the first quarter's 2.2% [2][12][15][16] Competitive Advantage of Chinese Manufacturing - April's export data highlighted the competitiveness and resilience of "Made in China" products. China's manufacturing sector has both scale and efficiency advantages, as evidenced by its global manufacturing value added share of approximately 31% in 2021, compared to the U.S. at 16% and Japan at 6%. The Competitive Industrial Performance (CIP) index shows China ranked second globally in 2021, up from 35th in 1990 [3][17] Caution on Tariff Impact - There is a need for vigilance regarding the impact of tariffs, as the effects may become more pronounced in the coming months. Historical data from 2018 indicates that significant tariff implementations led to delayed impacts on export growth, with a notable decline occurring several months after tariffs were enacted. The April PMI data showed a 4.3-point month-on-month decline in export orders, particularly in textiles, chemicals, and midstream equipment manufacturing, indicating a potential lag in the transmission from orders to delivery [3][18][19] Economic Growth Dynamics - The relationship between growth momentum and stabilization efforts is likened to a seesaw, with current economic conditions suggesting a continued focus on counter-cyclical policies. Despite a strong actual growth rate in the first quarter, nominal growth remains low, with tax revenue and profits from large enterprises showing declines. The government is expected to leverage recent policy measures to stimulate domestic demand and address the ongoing pressures from tariffs [4][20]

Core Insights - The report "2025 Non-US Market Trade Development Guide" by Topease Info-Tech focuses on strategies for Chinese foreign trade enterprises to cope with US tariff barriers and explore non-US markets [1][2]. Tariff Policy Impact and Solutions - In April 2025, the US significantly raised tariffs on Chinese goods through a "triple-layer" mechanism, leading to a "shock state" in China-US trade. Chinese enterprises can respond by optimizing tax burdens through re-export trade in the short term, expanding into five major non-US markets in the medium term, and restructuring value networks in the long term [1][13][15]. Re-export Trade Feasibility - A study identified the top 20 industries in China's exports to the US, revealing significant tax differences that make re-export trade feasible. Countries like Malaysia, Vietnam, Mexico, and the UAE can leverage local policies and free trade zones to reduce tax burdens [1][17][31]. Development of Five Major Non-US Markets - Southeast Asia is emerging as a near-shore trade hub due to its geographical advantages and economic growth, focusing on upstream manufacturing materials, green technology, and Muslim consumer markets [2][39]. - Latin America is adopting a "resource-for-manufacturing" approach, enhancing cooperation in infrastructure and industrial clusters [2][41]. - The Middle East has a growing demand for new energy products amid energy transition, requiring solutions to certification barriers [2][45]. - Eastern Europe is becoming a new exit point for Chinese enterprises through the digital Silk Road, necessitating investments in digital infrastructure and cross-border e-commerce [2][39]. - Japan and South Korea represent high-end markets where Chinese enterprises need to innovate technologically and adapt culturally to elevate their brands [2][39]. Summary and Outlook - The US tariff barriers are reshaping the global trade landscape, prompting Chinese foreign trade enterprises to shift from passive responses to proactive strategies. By utilizing re-export trade and exploring non-US markets, companies can transform tariff challenges into opportunities for sustainable development [2][8].