转自：新华社 新华社巴黎2月24日电 专访｜农业是连接法中两国的重要纽带——访法国农业专家托马·帕维 新华社记者崔可欣 这种纽带如今已延伸至经济与科技合作领域。帕维长期研究动物育种，他举例说，通过对牛、猪等物种 遗传资源进行跨国合作与杂交改良，可以实现优势互补。 帕维说，法国有"火腿之国"之称，其中也蕴含着"中国基因"的贡献，"如今法国的猪，其实都有一点中 国血统"。法中合作杂交培育出的新品种猪兼具两国各自品种的优势；改良后的法国猪种再出口至中 国，服务当地养殖业升级，形成双向互动的良性循环。 与此同时，中国水产品也被搬上法国人的餐桌。法国市场上相当比例的鱼类、虾类产品来自中国，这些 产品早已融入当地消费者日常生活。在帕维看来，这种"你中有我、我中有你"的格局，体现了两国农业 结构的高度互补与深度融合。 正因如此，帕维指出，在气候变化、环境压力和地缘政治不确定性交织的背景下，农业合作战略意义凸 显。 他高度评价中国在农业机器人和智能装备领域的发展。"中国在农业机器人应用方面走在前列，法国也 在积极推进精准农业。双方可以加强技术交流，共同提升效率、节水抗旱、减少碳排放。"在他看来， 各国加强协作是应对全球性挑战 ...

Core Insights - In 2025, Vietnam's seafood exports are projected to exceed $11 billion for the first time, reaching a record of $11.34 billion [1] Group 1: Export Performance - Shrimp remains the main export product, with an export value of $4.65 billion, representing a nearly 20% year-on-year increase and accounting for approximately 41% of total industry exports [1] - Catfish exports reached $2.19 billion, showing a year-on-year growth of over 8% [1] Group 2: Market Analysis - China (including Hong Kong) emerged as the largest market for Vietnamese seafood, with an increase of nearly 30% [1] - The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) markets continue to grow due to tariff advantages [1] - The EU market is showing signs of positive recovery, while the US market is significantly impacted by tariff policies and technical barriers [1]

Core Viewpoint - The imposition of a 50% punitive tariff by the U.S. on Indian goods has severely impacted India's manufacturing sector, leading to significant job losses and economic downturns across various industries, including textiles, seafood, and gemstones [1][3][5]. Group 1: Textile Industry - The textile manufacturing hub of Tirupur, employing over 600,000 workers, has seen a 25% drop in production, with many workers facing reduced hours and wages due to the tariff [3]. - The Tamil Nadu region has lost orders worth 150 billion rupees, with daily losses nearing 6 billion rupees [1]. Group 2: Seafood Industry - India's seafood exports, which account for one-third of its total seafood market, have experienced a 30% to 35% year-on-year decline since the tariff's implementation, leading to factory shutdowns in major shrimp-producing areas [3][5]. - The demand from U.S. buyers has diminished significantly, affecting over 5 million jobs directly and indirectly in the seafood sector [3]. Group 3: Gemstone and Jewelry Industry - The U.S. is the largest market for Indian gemstones and jewelry, with exports reaching $9.23 billion in the 2024-2025 fiscal year, representing nearly one-third of the total exports in this sector [5]. - The tariff could jeopardize the jobs of 170,000 skilled workers in the diamond cutting and polishing industry, leading to increased prices for consumers in the U.S. [5]. Group 4: Economic Impact - The Indian rupee has depreciated over 6% against the dollar, with the currency falling below the 91 mark, making it one of the worst-performing currencies in Asia [9]. - Foreign direct investment in India has plummeted to $35.3 million in the 2024-2025 fiscal year, a stark decline from previous years [9]. Group 5: Government Response - The Indian government has suspended import tariffs on certain raw materials and is accelerating trade negotiations with other countries to diversify export markets [12]. - Despite these measures, the manufacturing sector continues to face immense pressure, with many foreign companies reconsidering their operations in India due to an unstable business environment [14].

Core Viewpoint - The imposition of a 50% tariff by the United States has severely impacted India's major export sectors, particularly textiles, apparel, and leather, pushing many small and medium enterprises to the brink of bankruptcy and threatening hundreds of thousands of jobs [1][3]. Group 1: Impact on Industries - The textile industry in Tamil Nadu is facing a significant crisis due to the loss of orders, with confirmed losses amounting to 150 billion rupees (approximately 11.79 billion yuan), leading to a production cut of up to 30% [3]. - Tamil Nadu accounts for 28% of India's textile exports, providing employment for around 7.5 million workers, highlighting the critical role of this sector in the local economy [3]. - The crisis has resulted in layoffs and wage delays, with international buyers shifting orders to competitors like Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Cambodia, which have more favorable tariff conditions [3]. Group 2: Government Response and Trade Strategy - The Indian government is accelerating negotiations for free trade agreements with other countries to diversify export markets beyond the U.S., including recent visits to Jordan, Ethiopia, and Oman to strengthen bilateral cooperation [4]. - India has signed a comprehensive trade agreement with Oman to enhance bilateral trade in engineering products, textiles, and agricultural products [4]. - Ongoing negotiations with the European Union, New Zealand, and Chile aim to reduce trade barriers and expand export channels, reflecting a strategic shift to enhance resilience and stability in overall export growth amid rising global trade uncertainties [4].

Core Insights - Vietnam's seafood exports to China have seen significant growth, reaching $3.9 billion in the first ten months of the year, a 22% increase year-on-year [1] - Shrimp exports have particularly surged, with a total of $1.1 billion exported in the first ten months, marking a 64% year-on-year increase [1] - In October alone, shrimp exports hit a record high of $498 million, with orders from mainland China and Hong Kong accounting for $140 million [1] Group 1: Market Performance - The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) continues to support Vietnam's seafood development, with exports to member countries exceeding $1 billion in the first ten months [1] - Stable demand from Japan, Canada, and Australia has helped balance the market amid increased trade relief measures in the U.S. [1] Group 2: U.S. Market Dynamics - Exports to the U.S. reached $702 million in the first ten months, reflecting a 9% year-on-year growth [1] - Despite competition from Ecuador and India, shrimp exports to the U.S. in October amounted to $114 million, indicating sustained market demand [1] - However, due to tariffs and trade protection measures in the U.S., the growth rate of the shrimp industry is expected to slow in the fourth quarter [1] Group 3: Future Outlook - The overall outlook for the shrimp industry remains optimistic, driven by strong growth in the Asian market, particularly China [1]

Core Insights - India's trade deficit in October reached a record high of $41.68 billion, influenced by increased gold imports and a decline in exports to the U.S. [1] - The trade deficit in September was already elevated at $32.15 billion, marking a 13-month high [1] - Economists had initially projected the October trade deficit to be $28 billion, lower than the previous month's figure [1] Trade Data Summary - Exports to the U.S. fell nearly 9% year-on-year in October, decreasing from $6.91 billion to $6.31 billion, although there was a recovery compared to September [1] - Imports from the U.S. rose from $3.98 billion in September to $4.47 billion in October [1] - Gold imports in October surged to $14.7 billion, up from $9.6 billion in September [1]

Core Insights - The India-US bilateral trade agreement appears to be nearing completion, with most issues reportedly agreed upon, but India emphasizes that any decision will prioritize national interests over external pressures [1][3][4] - Tariff issues are central to the negotiations, with the US imposing high tariffs on Indian exports, leading to a significant drop in India's exports to the US [4][7] - India is considering some concessions, such as relaxing import restrictions on corn and soybean meal, while firmly protecting its agricultural markets to safeguard local farmers [6][10] Trade Negotiation Dynamics - The US has imposed tariffs of up to 50% on Indian goods, severely limiting market access for Indian products [4] - India's exports to the US fell from $6.87 billion in August to $5.43 billion in September, a decrease of $1.4 billion in just one month [4] - India is unlikely to compromise on agricultural products, as approximately 60% of its population relies on agriculture, with 85% being small farmers [6][10] Energy Procurement Issues - The procurement of Russian oil remains a contentious topic, with the US pressuring India to reduce its purchases, but India maintains that its energy security is paramount [9][12] - Despite US sanctions on Russian oil producers, India has reduced its Russian oil imports from 1.2 million barrels per day in September to 800,000 barrels per day in October, which may be seen as a gesture towards the US [12] Conclusion on Negotiation Strategy - India's approach to the negotiations is cautious, balancing the need for trade agreements with the protection of domestic interests [13] - The potential for an agreement hinges on mutual concessions, particularly regarding tariffs and agricultural imports, with both parties needing to demonstrate goodwill for a successful outcome [13]

Group 1 - The East China Sea fishing moratorium has ended, leading to an influx of seafood in markets, particularly in Shanghai [1] - The San Sha Hong market in Chongming District, Shanghai, is bustling with various seafood products, including newly arrived hairtail and pomfret, attracting many customers due to competitive pricing [3] - Seafood prices vary significantly based on specifications, with hairtail and yellow croaker priced between tens to hundreds of yuan per jin, while larger pomfret exceeds 100 yuan per jin [4] Group 2 - In Zhoushan, the first batch of fishing boats has returned, increasing seafood supply in the market, with prices experiencing slight fluctuations due to rising demand from the upcoming Mid-Autumn and National Day holidays [6][10] - The Zhoushan International Aquatic City is busy with sorting and distributing various seafood as boats return, indicating a robust supply chain [8] - Market demand is expected to rise, leading to a short-term increase in seafood prices, although overall supply is projected to stabilize as more boats return [10] Group 3 - In Luoyuan, Fujian, the first harvest of 100,000 greenfin horse mackerel, also known as "Hao Er Yu," has been successful, showcasing the potential for aquaculture in the region [11] - The greenfin horse mackerel has a high survival rate of over 98% in warmer waters, indicating successful adaptation to local conditions [14] - Plans are in place to cultivate 3 to 5 million fish seedlings next year, aiming for year-round aquaculture of greenfin horse mackerel in the Luoyuan area [14]

Core Insights - Vietnam's shrimp industry achieved remarkable results with an export value of $479 million in August 2025, representing a nearly 19% year-on-year growth [1] - The total shrimp export value for the first eight months reached $2.97 billion, showing a year-on-year increase of 23% [1] - Exports to mainland China and Hong Kong surged by 62% in August, accounting for nearly 30% of Vietnam's total shrimp exports, with demand primarily focused on high-end fresh products like lobsters and large tiger prawns [1] - The Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP) forecasts continued strong growth in shrimp exports to China in the remaining months of the year [1]

Core Points - The article discusses the escalating trade tensions between the United States and India, particularly following the U.S. imposition of a 50% tariff on Indian goods, which has led to significant diplomatic silence from Indian Prime Minister Modi [1][2][3] - The tariffs are a result of two executive orders from the Trump administration aimed at pressuring India to change its energy policies regarding Russian oil imports [3][14] - The impact of these tariffs is expected to severely affect India's export industries, particularly labor-intensive sectors [11][12] Tariff Impact on Indian Industries - The textile and apparel industry, a key sector for India, is expected to face significant profit erosion due to the 50% tariff, as it heavily relies on the U.S. market [4] - The jewelry sector has been warned of potential supply chain disruptions and a substantial reduction in overall export volume due to high tariffs [5] - The shrimp farming industry, which is India's largest seafood export category, will be severely impacted by the tariffs [6] - The carpet and furniture manufacturing sectors are also expected to suffer from a sharp decline in demand due to increased prices [7][8] Exemptions and Future Risks - The pharmaceutical industry currently enjoys tariff exemptions, but there are threats of a 200% tariff if trade disputes escalate [9] - The electronics and IT hardware sectors are temporarily shielded from tariffs due to strong demand in the U.S. market [10] - The oil products sector maintains its exemption but must remain vigilant regarding international oil price fluctuations and potential policy changes [10] Export Projections - A report from the Global Trade Research Initiative predicts that India's exports to the U.S. will plummet from $87 billion in FY2025 to $49.6 billion in FY2026, with approximately 66% of exports facing tariff impacts [11] India's Response Strategies - The Indian government is implementing measures to mitigate tariff impacts, including suspending import duties on certain raw materials and accelerating trade negotiations with other countries [12] - Diplomatically, India is maintaining a firm stance, prioritizing the protection of its farmers and small businesses while continuing to purchase Russian oil despite U.S. pressure [12][13] - Indian companies are also taking proactive steps, such as state-owned oil companies pausing Russian oil purchases until further government guidance is provided [13] Broader Implications of U.S. Tariffs - The U.S. aims to weaken Russia's oil revenue through these tariffs, which could have broader implications for global trade dynamics [14] - Concerns are rising that the U.S. approach to weaponizing tariffs may disrupt existing trade rules and accelerate the fragmentation of the global trade system [15]