与此同时，由于消费者在包括排灯节在内的节日期间大量购买黄金，印度黄金进口额激增200%，达到 147亿美元。印度商工部秘书拉杰什·阿格拉瓦尔表示，10月黄金进口的激增，为前期进口低迷反弹的结 果。由于金价高企，上半年黄金进口量下降25%，累积了大量未满足的节日需求。这部分需求在10月得 到集中释放，从而导致进口量飙升，并推高了当月的贸易逆差。 尽管黄金价格高企，印度珠宝贸易却呈下滑。印度宝石和珠宝出口促进委员会数据显示，由于全球需求 疲软、金价波动剧烈、供应链中断等因素，10月份，印度宝石和珠宝出口总额同比下降近31%，切割抛 光钻石出口额同比下降近27%。 根据印度政府今年4月的一份声明，宝石和珠宝行业至少雇用了500万人，对GDP贡献约7%。印度媒 体"Lapaas Voice"称，这一降幅不仅影响出口商，也波及工人、制造商以及严重依赖该行业赚取外汇的 整个印度经济。 穆迪旗下的印度信用评级机构ICRA Research在一份报告中表示，随着节日季结束黄金需求减弱，加之 出口回暖，预计该国商品进口额"在2025年11月至12月较10月水平有所下降"。但报告警告称，在2025财 年的第三季度，印度经常账户赤 ...

Core Insights - India's goods trade deficit reached a record high of $41.7 billion in October, driven by a surge in gold imports and the impact of U.S. tariffs on exports [1][2] Trade Deficit and Imports - The trade deficit significantly exceeded Reuters poll estimates of $28.8 billion and surpassed the previous record of $37.8 billion set in November 2024 [2] - Gold imports in October amounted to $14.7 billion, marking an increase of nearly 200% compared to the same month last year, with consumers estimated to have spent $11 billion during the five-day festival period [2] Exports and Tariff Impact - Exports to the U.S. declined for the second consecutive month, falling 8.5% year-on-year in October to $6.3 billion due to the 50% tariffs implemented at the end of August [3] - Despite the decline, the U.S. remained the largest export destination for India, with shipments worth $52 billion in the first seven months of the fiscal year [3] - Key exports such as gems and jewelry fell by 29.5% to $2.3 billion, while engineering goods decreased by 16.7% to $9.4 billion [4] Future Outlook - Merchandise imports are expected to decrease in November and December 2025 as gold imports decline post-festival season, alongside a potential increase in exports [5] - India's current account deficit is projected to widen to 2.4-2.5% of GDP in the third quarter of the fiscal year ending March 2026, with a CAD to GDP ratio of around 1.2% for fiscal year 2026 if U.S. tariffs remain in place [6] Trade Negotiations - Ongoing trade negotiations between the U.S. and India have yet to yield a deal, although both sides are softening their positions, with hints from U.S. President Trump about potential tariff reductions [7] - India has increased oil and gas purchases from the U.S. to address the trade surplus and is expected to buy agricultural products as well [7]

（责任编辑：宋政 HN002） 【免责声明】本文仅代表作者本人观点，与和讯网无关。和讯网站对文中陈述、观点判断保持中立，不对所包含内容 的准确性、可靠性或完整性提供任何明示或暗示的保证。请读者仅作参考，并请自行承担全部责任。邮箱： news_center@staff.hexun.com 格隆汇11月17日｜印度政府周一公布数据显示，受黄金进口增加及对美出口下降影响，印度10月商品贸 易逆差扩大至创纪录的416.8亿美元。9月的贸易逆差已升至13个月高点的321.5亿美元。根据印度央行数 据，2024年8月逆差为356.2亿美元。路透社调查显示，经济学家原本预计10月的贸易逆差为288亿美 元，低于前一个月的321.5亿美元。印度商务部数据显示，10月对美出口同比下降近9%，从去年同期的 69.1亿美元降至63.1亿美元，但较9月有所回升。关税冲击了纺织品、虾类以及宝石和珠宝等商品的出 口。与此同时，10月自美国进口额从9月的39.8亿美元增至44.7亿美元。黄金进口额在10月达到147亿美 元，高于9月的96亿美元。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The trade relationship between the United States and India is showing signs of thawing as new rounds of bilateral trade agreement negotiations have been restarted, although India remains cautiously optimistic about the outcomes [2][4][6]. Group 1: Trade Negotiations - On September 16, a new round of bilateral trade agreement negotiations was initiated in New Delhi, marking a positive signal in the previously strained relationship [4]. - The U.S. delegation, led by Brendan Lynch, aims to engage with Indian officials to restart trade discussions [4]. - The negotiations were originally scheduled for late August but were postponed due to the imposition of high tariffs on Indian goods by the U.S. [5]. Group 2: Tariff Impact - The U.S. has imposed a total tariff rate of 50% on Indian imports, significantly affecting trade dynamics [5][10]. - In August, India's exports to the U.S. dropped from $8.01 billion in July to $6.86 billion, indicating the immediate impact of the tariffs [11]. - Overall, India's total exports fell to $35.1 billion in August, the lowest in nine months, with a trade deficit narrowing to $26.49 billion [12]. Group 3: Economic Projections - Analysts predict that the U.S. tariff policy could result in a loss of approximately $8 billion in exports for India, particularly affecting sectors like gems, jewelry, textiles, and chemicals [14]. - A think tank estimates that India's exports to the U.S. could decline by over 40% by 2026, potentially dropping to around $50 billion [13]. - The tariffs are expected to threaten hundreds of thousands of jobs in key export sectors, including textiles and jewelry [13].

Core Viewpoint - The cumulative tariff rate imposed by the US on Indian goods has reached 50%, which includes a 25% retaliatory tariff and a 25% punitive tariff, effective from August 27 [3][4]. Economic Impact - The GDP growth forecast for India in FY2026 has been revised down from 6.2% to 6.0% due to the impact of higher tariffs, assuming the punitive tariffs last only three months [3][6]. - If the tariffs remain at 50% for the entire FY2026, the GDP impact could be approximately 0.4 percentage points, or an annualized rate of 0.8 percentage points [6]. - The US is India's largest export destination, accounting for nearly 20% of total exports (approximately $86.5 billion), which represents about 2.2% of FY2025 GDP [6]. - Key export sectors affected include electronics, textiles, gems and jewelry, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, industrial machinery, and household goods [6]. Response Measures - The Indian government is expected to implement targeted fiscal and credit support, including an "export promotion plan" worth ₹250 billion (approximately 0.07% of GDP) to mitigate the impact of higher tariffs [7]. - Monetary and liquidity support is anticipated, with expectations of rate cuts in October and December due to moderate inflation and slowing growth [7]. - Reforms are being introduced, including changes to the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and a new income tax bill aimed at simplifying tax laws [7]. - In the medium term, India is expected to focus on diversifying its export markets [7].

Group 1 - The U.S. has imposed a 25% punitive tariff on India, primarily targeting oil purchases from Russia, leading to an overall tariff rate of 50% on Indian exports [1] - India has reduced its oil imports from Russia by 2% year-on-year, importing 380.5 million barrels from January to July, while increasing imports from the U.S. by 50% to 60.7 million barrels [1] - The increase in tariffs may disrupt India's key supply chains, particularly in the gem and jewelry sector, which exports $10 billion to the U.S., accounting for 30% of its total exports [2] Group 2 - Modi's government is facing pressure due to Trump's demands for India to open its dairy and genetically modified corn markets, which are critical to Indian agriculture [2] - The potential increase in import costs from Gulf countries could rise by $5 billion, risking domestic inflation [1] - Brazil is also affected by the tariffs and is in discussions with India on how to collectively respond to U.S. tariffs [2]

Group 1: Tariff Impact - The U.S. has announced an additional 25% tariff on imports from India, raising the total tariff rate to 50%, making India one of the countries with the highest tariffs imposed by the U.S. [1] - Analysts predict that the Indian stock market will face adjustment pressure, particularly in sectors such as oil, pharmaceuticals, textiles, footwear, and jewelry, which are expected to be the most affected [1][4] Group 2: Market Reaction - The Indian benchmark SENSEX index opened lower but quickly rebounded, stabilizing with a decline of about 0.2%, while the Nifty 50 index also showed a similar pattern [3] - Market participants believe the initial muted response may be due to expectations that India has sufficient time for negotiations, with some analysts suggesting the tariff increase may be more symbolic than substantive [3][4] Group 3: Long-term Outlook - If the trade relationship with the U.S. deteriorates, especially amid slowing economic growth, investors may adopt a cautious long-term outlook on the Indian stock market [4] - Foreign investors sold $2 billion worth of Indian stocks in July and an additional $900 million in August, indicating a trend of withdrawal from the Indian market [4] Group 4: Sector-Specific Impacts - Approximately 20% of India's export goods (accounting for 2% of GDP) are directed towards the U.S., with sectors like gems and jewelry, apparel, footwear, textiles, and chemicals being the most vulnerable [6] - The pharmaceutical sector, despite being perceived as resilient, has seen significant declines, with the NSE Nifty pharmaceutical index breaking key technical support levels [7]

Group 1 - The trade tensions between the US and India are escalating, with the US imposing a 25% tariff on Indian goods, which is part of a broader strategy by President Trump to prioritize American interests [1][2] - The ongoing trade negotiations between the two countries have stalled, particularly over agricultural products, which are a significant point of contention [2][3] - India's average tariff rate is significantly higher than that of the US, with an average of 17% compared to the US's 3.3%, and agricultural tariffs reaching as high as 39% [2] Group 2 - India's import of Russian oil has become a focal point of the trade dispute, with Trump accusing India of profiting from reselling this oil on the open market [1][4] - In response to the tariffs, Indian Prime Minister Modi has called for a promotion of domestic products, aligning with his "Make in India" initiative to bolster local manufacturing [5][6] - The potential impact of the tariffs could lead to a significant decrease in India's exports to the US, with estimates suggesting a drop of nearly 30%, affecting sectors like apparel and pharmaceuticals [6][7] Group 3 - The trade relationship between the US and India is crucial, with the US being India's largest export destination, accounting for 18% of India's total exports in 2024, up from 6% in 2006 [6] - The imposition of tariffs could result in a revenue loss for India ranging from $7 billion to $10 billion, particularly affecting the jewelry and pharmaceutical sectors [7] - Investors are reacting cautiously to the trade tensions, as evidenced by a slight decline in Indian stock indices following the announcement of the tariffs [7]

Group 1 - The U.S. has extended the "reciprocal tariffs" delay by 90 days, pushing the implementation date from July 9 to August 1, while announcing tariffs ranging from 25% to 40% on imports from 14 countries [1] - The EU is one of the economies most at risk from U.S. tariffs, with potential tariffs on EU goods possibly soaring to 50% if no agreement is reached by August 1 [3] - Japan's GDP could decline by 0.8% in 2025 and 1.9% in 2029 if subjected to a 25% tariff, with significant impacts on its aircraft parts and construction machinery industries [6][8] Group 2 - Canada has made significant concessions in trade negotiations with the U.S., including the cancellation of a digital services tax to reach a comprehensive trade arrangement [4][5] - Southeast Asian countries, particularly Malaysia and Thailand, expressed frustration over the U.S. tariff letters, feeling that their efforts to negotiate trade agreements were undermined [11][12] - The potential impact of U.S. tariffs on India includes mixed effects, with certain sectors like pharmaceuticals possibly gaining leverage, while broader export categories may face challenges [10]

Core Insights - A US trade team is expected to visit India next month for trade negotiations, with a potential temporary trade agreement by June 25 [1] - India is proposing significant tariff reductions in certain areas while seeking to maintain high tariffs on sensitive agricultural products like grains and dairy [1][2] - The negotiations are still in early stages and may become complicated due to opposition from affected industries [2] Group 1: Trade Negotiations - India has indicated a flexible stance on tariffs for less sensitive agricultural products like almonds and may reduce import duties on oil and gas by 2.5% to 3% [1] - The Indian trade representatives are firm on retaining high tariffs on core agricultural products such as wheat, rice, corn, and dairy [1] - Current tariffs imposed by India include 70%-80% on US rice and 30%-60% on US dairy products [1] Group 2: International Context - India has a history of protecting its dairy industry, being the largest milk producer globally, and has pushed for similar protections in recent trade agreements [2] - Other countries like South Korea and Japan are also engaged in tariff negotiations with the US, focusing on sectors like steel, aluminum, and automobiles [2] - The US has shown a cautious approach towards reviewing tariff measures, particularly in the automotive sector, while being receptive to cooperation in shipbuilding with Japan [2]