编者按：8月26日，是深圳经济特区建立45周年的日子。45载砥砺前行，在时代浪潮中，深圳一路丈量奋进，长成今日国际大都市：金融版图从零起步， 深市上市公司已超2800家；摩天楼宇拔地而起，599米刷新城市高度；通信技术从2G跃向6G，一路领跑……深圳的发展留下了众多跨越行业的刻度。时 代财经、时代周报推出《深圳刻度》系列报道，记录这座城市的进化维度。 "如果不是来到深圳，我不可能有创业的念头，也不会有今天的比亚迪。"2024年11月，在比亚迪成立30周年发布会现场，比亚迪董事长王传福表示。 31年前，王传福创业的起点从抵达深圳开始。"1993年，北京有色金属研究总院把我派到深圳，担任一家电池公司的总经理。当时我从北京来到深圳，简 直就像踏进了一个新的世界。" "身边的许多朋友都在搞项目，个个敢闯敢试、敢为人先，这让我很受鼓舞，我也想在这里干出自己的一番事业。"王传福回忆初到深圳时的感受如是说。 彼时，中国汽车市场刚刚迎来私家车年代，汽车还是稀罕物件，更别提新能源汽车，那还不是这个时代的产物。 而这时的深圳，已经从籍籍无名的小渔村成为中国改革开放的前沿，创业的氛围浓厚，王传福1994年在此正式创立了比亚迪。 踏 ...

Group 1 - The "old-for-new" policy has significantly boosted consumption, with over 10 million subsidy applications and a consumption increase of nearly 8% in early 2025 [1][2] - The penetration rate of new energy vehicles (NEVs) in the replacement market has surpassed 50%, indicating a clear shift from traditional fuel vehicles to NEVs [1][2] - The policy has activated the stock market and accelerated the replacement of fuel vehicles with NEVs through a dual-track system of scrapping and replacing [2][3] Group 2 - The market is experiencing a reshuffle, with traditional fuel vehicle manufacturers facing production capacity pressures while leading NEV brands gain market share through technological advantages [3] - The acceptance of NEVs by consumers is shifting from policy-driven to value recognition, driven by technological advancements and innovative business models [4] - The price range of NEVs is rapidly descending into the mainstream market, with models priced between 100,000 to 200,000 yuan now accounting for over 60% of the market [4] Group 3 - Chinese automotive exports have increased by 28% in early 2025, with companies like Tesla and BYD expanding their market share in Southeast Asia and Europe [5] - Globalization presents challenges due to trade barriers, prompting companies to build localized production and compliance capabilities [7] - The end of the new energy vehicle purchase tax exemption in 2026 raises concerns about maintaining high growth in the market, with some companies already facing profit pressure [8]

Group 1 - The article discusses the concept of "soft power" introduced by Joseph Nye, emphasizing its importance in U.S. foreign policy and its decline in recent years [3][5][10] - The recent U.S.-China trade negotiations resulted in a significant breakthrough for China, achieving "91% tariff mutual exemption + 24% suspension of additional tariffs," marking a historical surpassing of the 2018 trade war [3][10] - Nye's definition of soft power focuses on influencing others to adopt one's goals voluntarily, contrasting with hard power, which relies on military and economic strength [5][7][10] Group 2 - The article highlights China's ability to win the tariff battle through "vertical integration" and systematic approaches, exemplified by the military cooperation with Pakistan and the automotive innovations by BYD [12][14][16] - BYD's e-platform is presented as a complex system that integrates various technologies to meet the demands of electric vehicles, showcasing a shift from component optimization to comprehensive system innovation [12][14] - The article notes that China's comprehensive industrial capabilities and strategic initiatives, such as the "dual circulation strategy" and the Belt and Road Initiative, have enhanced its trade relationships and resilience against external pressures [16][18]

作 者丨 林典驰 雷若馨 辛继召 编 辑丨 孙超逸 刘雪莹 图 源 丨AI 产无城不立，城无产不兴。城市脉搏与汽车引擎共振合鸣，汽车工业的布局、竞合，也在一 定程度上影响城市的命运沉浮。 2 0世纪初，亨利·福特在底特律开创了流水线生产方式，从大机器生产转向流水线生产，新范 式的转变让这里成了美国汽车工业的发源地，成了通用汽车、福特和克莱斯勒的总部。 深圳，就如同他那年轻的历史一样，在燃油车时代缺少积累积淀。但， 从籍籍无名到卫冕"新 能源汽车第一城"、加冕"中国汽车第一城"，仅用四年时间。 比亚迪的整车制造在全球新能源汽车产业独树一帜，华为以供应商身份切入汽车产业链，乾 崑智能汽车解决方案赋能众多车企。"热带雨林"式产业生态背后，汽车工业正在迎来新的变 局。 政府工作报告提出，大力发展智能网联新能源汽车。业内人士认为，在新能源汽车实现数量 增长的同时，叠加"人工智能+"发展智能网联新能源汽车将是未来汽车产业变革新的驱动力。 新能源汽车的快速发展，使得这座超大城市提出发展"第二增长曲线"。 2 0 2 5年深圳市政府工 作 报 告 提 出 ， 巩 固 提 升 电 子 信 息 、 汽 车 、 新 能 源 等 产 ...