Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The global virtual asset licensing system has essentially taken shape, with a systematic regional regulatory framework established [3] - Different regions exhibit variations in virtual asset licensing, reflecting distinct regulatory logics and strategic focuses [3] - Three major collaborative trends are emerging: local currency anchoring, asset custody, and anti-money laundering compliance [3] - Licensed operators and service providers are expected to become mainstream, with regulated trading platforms and stablecoin assets presenting lower risks [3] - The licensing will serve as a significant valuation support factor, with leading companies holding core licenses enjoying first-mover advantages and competitive moats [3] Summary by Sections 01 Global Virtual Asset Licensing System - The licensing framework in Hong Kong includes a dual regulatory structure for stablecoin issuers and virtual asset service providers (VASP) [8][9] - Hong Kong's VASP license requires compliance with strict operational and auditing standards, enhancing market transparency and investor safety [10] - Singapore's regulatory approach emphasizes innovation while ensuring market safety through a clear regulatory framework [11][12] - The European MiCA framework provides comprehensive regulations for crypto assets, categorizing them into electronic money tokens, asset-referenced tokens, and utility tokens [13][14] - The U.S. regulatory landscape is characterized by a complex multi-layered system involving federal and state-level oversight [17][18] 02 Differences and Collaborations in Regional Licensing - Hong Kong's licensing system is more inclusive for retail investors compared to Singapore's cautious approach [26] - The regulatory frameworks in Hong Kong and Europe aim to provide clear guidelines to foster innovation while ensuring compliance [26] - The U.S. regulatory environment is fragmented, requiring compliance with both federal and state regulations [26] 03 Investment Recommendations - Beneficial targets include licensed firms such as Zhongyou Capital, Bank of China Hong Kong, and Coinbase Global [4] - The report highlights the importance of holding licenses as a key factor for valuation and competitive advantage in the virtual asset industry [3][4]

Core Insights - The article discusses the emergence of Real World Assets (RWA) through blockchain technology, transforming traditional financial and physical assets into digital tokens, with a projected market size of $16 trillion by 2030 [1][12] - RWA is seen as a new era for asset allocation, providing liquidity to previously illiquid assets and lowering investment barriers for investors [1][5] Definition and Mechanism - RWA refers to the tokenization of real-world assets such as real estate and receivables using blockchain technology, enabling trading, fragmentation, and circulation of these assets [3][4] - The concept allows traditionally illiquid assets to be purchased in small amounts and traded quickly, similar to cryptocurrencies [4] Market Dynamics - The global RWA market is on the verge of significant growth, with a total RWA asset value of $25.5 billion expected by mid-2025, excluding stablecoins [7][6] - The current market is dominated by private credit (58.5%), U.S. Treasury bonds (29.6%), and commodities (6.4%), with BlackRock's BUIDL being the largest single RWA project valued at over $2.8 billion [9] Historical Development - The evolution of RWA can be categorized into four phases: 1. Concept Exploration (2016-2018): Initial ideas and experiments in asset tokenization [17][18] 2. Infrastructure Development (2019-2021): Platforms began offering RWA token issuance and compliance services [20][21] 3. Financial Institutions' Entry (2022-2023): Major banks started pilot projects for tokenizing bonds and private equity [23][24] 4. Application Expansion (2024-present): RWA is moving beyond financial assets into real estate, energy, and other sectors [27][29] Emerging Trends - New sectors such as AI computing power, carbon assets, and agricultural assets are exploring RWA pathways, indicating significant future potential [29] - Stablecoins are highlighted as a successful use case for RWA, serving as a core medium for transactions within the RWA ecosystem [29] Regional Insights - In China, particularly Hong Kong, RWA development is driven by policy and industry applications, with a focus on green assets and computing power [30][31] - Hong Kong's regulatory framework supports RWA projects, with initiatives like the "Financial Technology Regulatory Sandbox" facilitating compliance [30] Challenges and Risks - The article notes several challenges for RWA mainstream adoption, including regulatory complexities, ensuring on-chain and off-chain asset consistency, and the need for improved infrastructure [36][38] - Market liquidity for RWA is currently insufficient, and the pricing mechanisms for non-standard assets remain immature [39]

Group 1 - The report highlights the transition of China's electricity market into a new phase, driven by the comprehensive entry of renewable energy and the initiation of the spot trading era [3][28] - The "13th Five-Year Plan" marked the beginning of a dual-track system in electricity pricing, balancing planned and market-driven approaches [7][10] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has accelerated electricity market reforms due to the pressures of low-carbon transformation and energy inflation, leading to significant advancements in the electricity market [13][16] Group 2 - The current electricity industry context indicates a shift to a relaxed supply-demand cycle, with renewable energy installations growing beyond expectations [28][29] - The "136" document officially announces the full market entry of renewable energy, introducing a mechanism price as a safety net, which has led to a surge in renewable project installations [3][28] - The "394" document promotes the acceleration of spot market development, with expectations for 2025-2026 to be significant years for spot trading [3][28] Group 3 - The report discusses the characteristics of the spot trading era, where real supply and demand will guide electricity price fluctuations, and stable scarce power sources are expected to see a repricing [3][4] - The impact on the generation side includes a market that reflects true electricity supply and demand, with spot prices influencing long-term trading negotiations [3][4] - On the user side, the adjustment of time-of-use pricing based on renewable energy output characteristics aims to encourage active demand-side management [4][30] Group 4 - Investment strategies suggest focusing on flexible thermal power, which is expected to benefit from short-term cost reductions and long-term reform dividends [4][30] - High-dividend assets in hydropower are recommended due to their scarcity and growth potential, indicating long-term investment value [4][30] - The importance of predictive and optimization services is highlighted, as the ability to accurately forecast weather, prices, and demand will provide a competitive edge in market operations [4][30]

证券研究报告 合规时代开启，全球竞赛加速 ——稳定币行业深度报告 行业评级：看好 2025 年 7 月 17 日 分析师 刘雯蜀 分析师 童非 研究助理 张致远 邮箱 liuwenshu03@stocke.com.cn 邮箱 tongfei01@stocke.com.cn 邮箱 zhangzhiyuan@stocke.com.cn 证书编号 S1230523020002 证书编号 S1230524050005 摘要 2 1、稳定币：币值稳定的数字货币 • 稳定币是锚定法币、商品或加密资产的加密数字货币，通过足额抵押或算法调节供应量维持价值稳定。相较传统支付，稳定币依托区块链实现点 对点实时清算，交易成本低（如币安$ENA合约资金费率仅为0.25%，2023 Q3全球平均汇款成本为6.18%）、高效（只需几秒到几分钟内，传统 时间需3-5天）、门槛低（稳定币最低只需几美元即可转账）。稳定币已广泛用于交易撮合、DeFi、供应链金融及跨境支付，成为数字经济生态的 重要基石。 2、核心催化：香港《稳定币条例》8月1日实施，美国推进GENIUS法案 95% • 2025年6月6日，香港特区政府在宪报发布公告，指定202 ...

Group 1: Macro Insights - The 2025 Central Urban Work Conference emphasized the need for high-quality urban development, transitioning from rapid growth to stable development, focusing on improving existing urban infrastructure rather than large-scale expansion [6][7][9] - The conference highlighted the importance of a people-centered approach, aiming for sustainable urban development that meets the needs of citizens while enhancing urban governance and service levels [6][9] Group 2: Non-Bank Financial Sector - The introduction of supporting rules for the Sci-Tech Innovation Board (STAR Market) aims to enhance the predictability of IPO processes for tech companies, thereby supporting high-level development in the technology sector [10] - Brokerage firms are expected to report significant profit increases for the first half of the year, driven by growth in wealth management and proprietary investment businesses, with some firms seeing net profit growth exceeding 100% [10] Group 3: Chemical Pharmaceutical Industry - The PDE3/4 inhibitors for COPD treatment are showing rapid sales growth, with the first product, Ensifentrine, expected to generate significant revenue in the coming years, indicating a strong market potential for innovative therapies [12][14][15] - Clinical trials for PDE3/4 inhibitors are progressing well, with positive results in improving lung function and reducing exacerbation rates in COPD patients [14][15] Group 4: Retail and Consumer Goods - In June 2025, China's retail sales grew by 4.8% year-on-year, which was below market expectations, indicating a slowdown in consumer spending, particularly in discretionary categories [16][17] - The performance of online retail channels outpaced traditional retail, with significant growth in categories such as food and clothing, suggesting a shift in consumer purchasing behavior [16][17] Group 5: Renewable Energy and UCO Market - The sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) market is expected to see significant growth, with EU regulations mandating increasing SAF blending ratios, which will drive demand for used cooking oil (UCO) as a feedstock [20][21] - The domestic market for SAF is also gaining momentum, with pilot projects and supportive policies being implemented, indicating a favorable environment for UCO suppliers [20][21] Group 6: Photovoltaic Industry - Prices for polysilicon, silicon wafers, and battery cells have seen substantial increases, driven by strong demand and active market conditions, suggesting a bullish outlook for the photovoltaic supply chain [22][24] - The market for photovoltaic components is expected to experience price adjustments due to rising costs in upstream materials, while demand remains stable [24]

Group 1 - The "Chain Expo" showcased multiple firsts, including the global supply chain index matrix and visualized industry maps, signaling continuous innovation and collaboration in the global supply chain [1] - The "Chain Expo Launch Station" featured over a hundred cutting-edge global technologies across six dimensions, focusing on new products, technologies, processes, scenarios, ecosystems, and chains, particularly in fields like new energy and digital technology [2][3] - The "Innovation Chain Zone" was established to facilitate the entire process from intellectual property rights to technology incubation and result implementation, aiming to create a closed-loop ecosystem for technological innovation [2] Group 2 - The event highlighted regional collaboration, with various domestic companies showcasing advancements in AI and robotics, enhancing the resilience and competitiveness of the supply chain [4] - Notable international companies, including Nvidia and Apple, participated, with Nvidia's CEO praising China's AI developments and their potential to drive growth in the supply chain ecosystem [4] - The first-ever industry map was presented, helping companies identify their positions within the supply chain and optimize resource allocation [5][6] Group 3 - Customized financial services were introduced by China Bank to support enterprises in various industry chains, aiming to seize new opportunities in the industry cycle [6] - The China Council for the Promotion of International Trade released a global supply chain innovation index and a human-centric index, indicating a positive overall trend in global supply chain development despite ongoing uncertainties [6]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the electricity industry [1] Core Viewpoints - The report emphasizes the importance of integrating RWA (Real World Assets) with virtual power plants, electricity trading, and carbon trading to explore opportunities within the industry [6] - It highlights the expected increase in capacity value for thermal power, driven by regulatory changes and the push towards green energy [6] - The report suggests that the green value of electricity is becoming more significant as the country progresses towards carbon neutrality [6] Summary by Sections Industry Trends - The report notes a projected decline in electricity prices, with a potential drop of 13% by July 2025 compared to the previous year [3] - It discusses the anticipated recovery of fixed costs through capacity pricing mechanisms, particularly in Gansu Province, where a price of 330 RMB per KW per year is set to be implemented starting in 2026 [6] Key Companies Valuation - The report provides valuations for several key companies in the sector, including: - Jiantou Energy with a market cap of 14.456 billion RMB and a "Buy" rating [5] - Xiexin Energy with a market cap of 21.314 billion RMB, currently not covered [5] - Nanjing Energy with a market cap of 17.879 billion RMB and a "Buy" rating [5] - Linyang Energy with a market cap of 11.990 billion RMB and a "Buy" rating [5] - Longxin Group with a market cap of 22.577 billion RMB, currently not covered [5] Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on the rising capacity value of thermal power and the public utility attributes that could enhance sector valuations, particularly for companies like Gansu Energy, Huaneng International, Huadian International, and Datang Power [6] - It also advises attention to investment opportunities in RWA, electricity trading, virtual power plants, and carbon assets, recommending investments in household photovoltaics, charging piles, and carbon assets, with a specific mention of Nanjing Energy and Xiexin Energy [6]

Group 1 - RWA (Real World Assets) represents a transformative concept that connects traditional finance with digital assets through tokenization, enhancing asset liquidity and lowering investment barriers [10][11][12] - The global on-chain RWA asset value surpassed $23.3 billion by June 2025, indicating rapid growth and adoption of this technology [2][16] - RWA tokenization allows for the fractionalization of traditionally illiquid assets, enabling broader participation in investment opportunities [21][22] Group 2 - In China, Hong Kong is leading the way in RWA implementation, with regulatory frameworks supporting the tokenization of government bonds and other assets [3][11] - Notable projects in China include the tokenization of charging station data and photovoltaic assets, demonstrating the potential for RWA in green energy and agriculture [3][11] - The "East Data West Computing" initiative and the emergence of data center REITs are paving the way for the tokenization of computing power assets [4][11] Group 3 - Globally, major asset management firms like BlackRock and Franklin Templeton are pushing for the tokenization of government bonds and private debt, with individual projects managing over $2 billion [5][12] - The real estate sector in the U.S. has seen platforms like RealT tokenize thousands of properties, lowering the minimum investment to $50, thus democratizing access to real estate investments [5][12] - Regulatory challenges, such as inconsistent cross-border compliance and the reliance on centralized custodians, pose significant hurdles for the widespread adoption of RWA [6][12] Group 4 - The global asset tokenization market is projected to reach $16.1 trillion by 2030, representing 10% of global GDP, highlighting the vast potential of RWA [7][12] - RWA's ultimate goal is to democratize finance, allowing for seamless integration between traditional and digital economies, thus enabling every asset to be liquid [7][12] - The collaboration between technology and regulatory frameworks will be crucial for the successful implementation and scaling of RWA [7][12]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The stablecoin trading volume in 2023 has approached that of traditional payment platforms, with a total trading volume of $35.5 trillion over the past 12 months, and $7.4 trillion when excluding high-frequency trading, significantly surpassing PayPal's $1.68 trillion and nearing Mastercard's $9.8 trillion, indicating its substantial potential in payment settlements [1][3] Core Insights and Arguments - Global stablecoin regulation is diverging, with the U.S. favoring strict regulations to reinforce the dollar's dominance, requiring stablecoin reserves to be held at a 1:1 ratio in U.S. dollar deposits or short-term U.S. Treasury securities, while Hong Kong adopts a more open regulatory approach, allowing the issuance of stablecoins backed by HKD or other currencies [1][6] - Hong Kong is actively promoting the synergy between stablecoins and Real World Assets (RWA), particularly in cross-border payments, where stablecoins can significantly reduce costs to less than $1 per transaction, compared to the global average of 6% for cross-border remittances, thus providing an efficient and low-cost solution [1][7] - The total market size of RWA has exceeded $23 billion, with platforms like Propety facilitating over $4 billion in real estate transactions, and Center Fusion converting receivables into tradable tokens [1][10] - The rise of RWA is driven by the need to address trust and efficiency issues in traditional asset transactions, utilizing reliable data and computation to enable real-time asset status updates and automated execution of returns [2][9] Regulatory Developments - The global regulatory landscape for stablecoins is evolving, with the U.S. pushing for legislation that mandates a 1:1 reserve ratio for stablecoin issuance, while Hong Kong's new regulations, effective August 1, 2025, allow for the issuance of stablecoins backed by various currencies with high reserve standards [6][12] Opportunities and Applications - The development of stablecoins and RWA presents opportunities for issuers, virtual asset trading platforms, and infrastructure service providers. Companies like Circle Internet may see revenue growth through expanded business lines and compliance services, while platforms like Coinbase Global will benefit from increased market scale and profitability [4][16] - Stablecoins are primarily used for currency trading and decentralized finance but are also expanding into payments, transfers, and liquidity management [5] Hong Kong's Initiatives - Hong Kong has been proactive in the digital asset space, launching the "Digital Asset Development Policy Declaration 2.0" and implementing the "Stablecoin Ordinance" to attract institutional participation in HKD stablecoin projects [4][12] - The government is also exploring the issuance of tokenized government bonds and encouraging innovative applications, such as tokenizing traditional financial products and enhancing liquidity in the digital currency ecosystem [13][14] Recent Progress - As of April 2024, three fund companies have launched spot Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, showcasing significant advancements in RWA development [15] Conclusion - The interplay between stablecoins and RWA is set to create substantial opportunities in the financial landscape, with potential benefits for various stakeholders involved in the ecosystem [11][16]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy-A" with a target price of 24.58 CNY, indicating a potential upside from the current price of 20.78 CNY [6]. Core Insights - The company is focusing on becoming a leading AI-driven technology energy enterprise, providing core business software solutions and digital services to major clients in the energy sector [3]. - The company has seen rapid growth in its electricity trading services, with a fivefold increase in overall trading volume expected in 2024 compared to the previous year [4]. - The company is actively deepening its collaboration with Ant Group in the RWA (Real World Asset) sector, enhancing its service offerings in the energy market [10]. Summary by Sections Company Overview - The company aims to leverage AI technology to support the construction of a new power system and enhance energy digitalization services [3]. Business Strategy - The company is expanding its electricity trading services as the market becomes more competitive, with significant growth opportunities anticipated in the coming years [4]. - The company has connected over 800,000 photovoltaic power stations, with a total installed capacity exceeding 50 GW, facilitating green electricity trading [4]. Financial Projections - The company is projected to achieve revenues of 5.17 billion CNY in 2025, with net profits expected to reach 531 million CNY [11]. - The company’s earnings per share (EPS) is forecasted to be 0.49 CNY in 2025, with a price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of 28.82 [13]. Market Position - The company is positioned to benefit from the ongoing market reforms in the energy sector, which are expected to create new trading opportunities worth hundreds of billions to trillions of CNY [4]. - The company has maintained a 100% performance rate in its trading operations for three consecutive years, indicating strong operational reliability [4].