2025年11月5日，上海又迎来了一场全球瞩目的盛会，第八届中国国际进口博览会正式拉开帷幕，一直持续到10日。 有意思的是，这场展会举办的背景并不平静，早在今年4月，特朗普政府掀起的"对等关税战"让中美贸易再次陷入摩擦，全球贸易体系都感受到了明显冲 击。 在这样的大环境下，进博会的举办就显得格外有分量，也让不少人好奇，中国到底要通过这场展会传递什么信号。 进博会这事儿本身就挺特别的，它不是那种进出口混着来的展会，而是全球独一份的专门聚焦进口的平台。 这个平台是总书记2017年亲自谋划推动的，初衷特别实在，就是想告诉全世界，中国不光重视出口，进口同样放在心上，咱们不打算长期抱着贸易顺差不 放，而是希望和其他国家做到贸易平衡。 苏州大学的高志凯教授提了个特别有意思的建议，我觉得特别接地气，他说进博会期间会有很多宴会和展区，能不能挑几个场合，里面用的所有东西都从国 外进口。 比如宴会上的龙虾选澳大利亚或者波士顿的，酱油找东南亚或者日本的，连主食都用进口大米。 这种做法不仅能让贸易更平衡，也能让全球贸易体系更稳定，毕竟大家好才是真的好。 提到全球贸易，就绕不开中美这两个大国，今年4月美国发动的"对等关税战"，说实话挺 ...

Core Insights - The EU is increasingly anxious about the rare earth situation following the US-China trade talks, leading to frequent meetings with Chinese representatives to seek favorable outcomes [1][3] - The establishment of a "special communication channel" between the EU and China indicates a strategic shift in the EU's approach to rare earth issues, with a focus on expediting the processing of applications from European companies [1][3] Group 1: EU's Rare Earth Strategy - EU Trade Commissioner Šefčovič revealed that over half of the approximately 2,000 applications submitted by European companies since China's rare earth export controls were implemented have been approved [1][3] - The EU aims to develop local resources in Estonia, but the timeline for production is estimated to take 5 to 8 years, highlighting the urgency of securing immediate supplies from China [3][4] - The EU's green transition, particularly in the electric vehicle and wind energy sectors, is heavily dependent on rare earth materials, with demand projected to triple by 2025 [3][6] Group 2: China's Position and Strategy - China's rare earth industry benefits from a complete supply chain, allowing it to convert raw materials into high-value products, creating a dual barrier of technology and resources [6][7] - The Chinese government emphasizes "fair trade" in its dealings, indicating that compliance with regulations is necessary for companies seeking to access rare earth supplies [7][9] - The establishment of the "special channel" is seen as a mutual benefit, with the EU needing stable supplies for its green transition and China seeking to maintain its market dominance [9][12] Group 3: Geopolitical Implications - The EU's reliance on China for rare earths reflects a contradiction in its strategy, as it previously aligned with the US against China but now seeks cooperation in critical resource areas [6][10] - Internal divisions within the EU regarding its approach to China may provide China with leverage in negotiations, as different member states have varying priorities [12][10] - The ongoing rare earth competition is characterized as a resource, technology, and regulatory battle, with the potential for future conflicts if the EU does not reciprocate China's cooperation [15][12]

Core Points - Mexico has imposed tariffs of up to 50% on 1,400 Chinese goods, marking a significant shift in its trade policy towards China [1][3] - The tariffs are part of a broader strategy to protect domestic industries under the guise of the "Plan Mexico" initiative, but they appear to specifically target Chinese imports [3][5] - The U.S. has exerted pressure on Mexico to reduce trade with China, threatening to increase tariffs on Mexican goods if compliance is not met [7][9] Group 1: Tariff Details - The tariff rates include a 50% increase on automobiles, with parts ranging from 10% to 50%, and a 35% tax on steel products [3][5] - The list of goods affected is notably exclusive to China, as products from countries with free trade agreements with the U.S. and Canada are exempt [5][9] Group 2: China's Response - China reacted swiftly by launching anti-dumping investigations on pecans from Mexico and the U.S., which are significant exports for Mexico [11][13] - Additionally, China is investigating trade barriers imposed by Mexico on various products, including automobiles and textiles, indicating a comprehensive approach to retaliate [11][13] Group 3: Economic Implications - The trade conflict could lead to a 0.3% reduction in Mexico's GDP growth rate, with potential long-term impacts on employment and investment confidence from Chinese firms [23][25] - If the situation escalates, it is projected that trade between China and Mexico could decline by over 30%, severely affecting Mexico's economy [31][34] Group 4: Broader Regional Impact - The situation in Mexico serves as a warning to other Latin American countries, with concerns that similar pressures from the U.S. could lead to a 25% reduction in trade with China across the region [19][21] - Countries like Brazil and Argentina are closely monitoring the developments, fearing they may become targets of U.S. trade pressures as well [19][21] Group 5: International Trade Dynamics - The incident highlights the growing tensions in international trade, with unilateralism and protectionism threatening the foundations of multilateral trade rules [31][34] - The Chinese government emphasizes the importance of fair trade and cooperation, contrasting its approach with the U.S. strategy of coercion [31][34]

以前中国是最大买家，大单说来就来，可现在中国转头去了南美。而美国这边，特朗普急着想让中国重 新买单，另一边中国一句话撂下，提出了条件。 美国大豆现在正经历一次"出口危机"，仓库空位见底，农民眼看着整片田里的豆子没人要，心里憋着一 股火。 美国想保农业州的票仓，中国则不愿再配合。大豆出口的背后，其实是特朗普关税政策的影响终于显现 了。 卖不出去的大豆，一堆堆地摆着，农民干着急 这段时间，美国农民的日子确实不太好过。尤其是那些靠种大豆为生的中西部农场，眼看着收成不错， 可仓库却塞得满满的，没人来收。 说到底，是买家少了，尤其是最重要的那个客户——中国，已经不怎么买账了。 以前中国买得多，那是因为美国大豆供货稳，运输也方便。但现在情况变了，买的人不来了，价格也撑 不住了，农民种出来的豆子成了"滞销货"。 白宫虽然说给了补贴，但补贴这东西，说到底就是个数字，真正能到农民手里的，远比宣传得要少得 多。 农民嘴上不说，心里其实很明白：这不是市场出问题，而是受到了特朗普政策的极大影响。 中国说得明白：先撤关税，不然别指望我们买 中方的态度其实一直都很清楚，不是不能买，而是不接受不公平的交易。 美国当初加上来的那些关税，直接 ...

Group 1: Measures Against U.S. Companies - The U.S. Department of Commerce has added three companies to the unreliable entity list, prohibiting them from engaging in import and export activities related to China and from making new investments in China [1] - Three U.S. entities have been placed on the export control list, prohibiting the export of dual-use items to these companies, and all ongoing related export activities must cease immediately [1] Group 2: Trade Relief and Barrier Investigations - A preliminary anti-dumping investigation has been initiated against imported pecans from Mexico and the U.S., as evidence suggests dumping practices that harm domestic prices and cause substantial damage [2] - A trade barrier investigation has been launched regarding Mexico's proposed increase in import tariffs on products from non-free trade partners, which could severely impact Chinese enterprises' trade and investment interests [2] Group 3: Clarification of Multilateral and Bilateral Trade Positions - China has submitted a position paper to the WTO stating it does not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future negotiations, aiming to promote WTO reform and support global development initiatives [3] - The Chinese government urges the U.S. to eliminate unreasonable tariffs on soybean trade to create favorable conditions for expanding bilateral trade and enhancing global economic stability [3] - The Chinese government has indicated that the main obstacle to normal Sino-U.S. economic cooperation is unilateral restrictions imposed by the U.S., calling for mutual efforts to create favorable conditions for stable and sustainable development of Sino-U.S. economic relations [3]

Group 1 - U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent expressed confidence that a trade deal with China is nearing completion, with further talks expected before reciprocal tariffs take effect in November [1] - The initial tariffs that could have reached up to 145% on Chinese goods were suspended as negotiations continued, with the suspension now extended to November 10 [2] - The U.S. trade deficit with China was nearly $300 billion in 2024, but it is projected to decline significantly in 2025, with $128 billion recorded through July [2] Group 2 - U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer anticipates that the trade deficit will narrow by at least 30% this year and potentially more in 2026, aiming for a balanced and fair trade relationship [3]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has initiated an anti-dumping investigation into imported simulation chips from the United States, responding to U.S. measures in the integrated circuit sector. The China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) supports this action and emphasizes the need for a fair international market environment for the automotive industry's technological advancement and sustainable development [1]. Group 1 - The CAAM expresses strong concern regarding the anti-dumping investigation and supports the Ministry of Commerce's necessary measures [1]. - The association calls for domestic and international enterprises to enhance technological innovation and industry chain collaboration, particularly in electrification and intelligence [1]. - The CAAM aims to actively support and cooperate with the investigation authorities to uphold fair trade and protect industry legal rights [1].

Group 1 - The China Automobile Industry Association (CAAM) expressed strong support for the Ministry of Commerce's anti-dumping investigation against imported simulation chips from the United States [2] - CAAM emphasized the need for an open, fair, and non-discriminatory international market environment for the technological advancement and sustainable development of the automotive industry [4] - The association called for domestic and foreign enterprises to enhance technological innovation and industry chain collaboration, particularly in the fields of electrification and intelligence [4] Group 2 - CAAM will actively support and cooperate with the investigation authorities to uphold fair trade and the legitimate rights and interests of the industry [4]

Core Viewpoint - The China Automobile Industry Association expresses strong support for the Ministry of Commerce's anti-dumping investigation against imported simulation chips from the United States, emphasizing the need for an open, fair, and non-discriminatory international market environment for the sustainable development of the automotive industry [1][3]. Summary by Relevant Sections - **Anti-Dumping Investigation**: On September 13, 2025, the Ministry of Commerce of China announced an anti-dumping investigation into simulation chips imported from the United States, as well as a discrimination investigation regarding U.S. measures in the integrated circuit sector [1][3]. - **Industry Response**: The China Automobile Industry Association is highly concerned about these developments and firmly supports the necessary legal actions taken by the Ministry of Commerce [1][3]. - **Call for Collaboration**: The association urges domestic and foreign enterprises to enhance technological innovation and industry chain collaboration, particularly in the fields of electrification and intelligence, to jointly promote the green, safe, and high-quality development of the global automotive industry [1][3]. - **Commitment to Fair Trade**: The China Automobile Industry Association will actively support and cooperate with the investigating authorities to uphold fair trade and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the industry [1][3].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has initiated an anti-dumping investigation into the import of relevant simulation chips from the United States, in response to U.S. measures in the integrated circuit sector [1] Group 1: Industry Response - The China Automobile Industry Association has expressed strong support for the Ministry of Commerce's actions, emphasizing the need for a fair and non-discriminatory international market environment for technological advancement and sustainable development in the automotive industry [1] - The association calls for domestic and international companies to enhance technological innovation and industry chain collaboration, particularly in the fields of electrification and intelligence [1] - The China Automobile Industry Association will actively support and cooperate with the investigation authorities to uphold fair trade and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the industry [1]