日本国债市场持续遭遇抛售潮。 8月26日，日本10年期国债收益率一度升至1.627%，为2008年10月以来最高；日本10年期国债期货跌至 2009年以来最低水平。有分析称，导致日本长期国债收益率上涨的主要原因是，投资者预期日本政府可 能推出新的财政刺激措施，或将导致债券发行量大幅增加。 另外，日本通胀持续升温，增加了日本央行重启加息周期的可能性，进一步推高了日本国债收益率。日 本央行行长植田和男近日表示，日本的薪资上涨使得加息条件正逐步形成。目前分析师普遍预计日本央 行将在今年晚些时候至少加息25个基点。 猛烈抛售 8月26日，日本国债市场遭遇猛烈抛售，日本10年期国债收益率日内最高升至1.627%，为2008年10月以 来最高；日本10年期国债期货跌至2009年以来最低水平。 有分析指出，日本国债遭遇抛售的主要原因是，市场对日本未来财政纪律的担忧。在日本执政联盟于7 月的上议院选举中失利后，投资者普遍预期政府可能推出新的财政刺激措施。此举或将导致债券发行量 大幅增加，给本已紧张的长期债券市场带来更大压力。 日本持续的通胀数据削弱了持有固定收益资产的吸引力，并不断强化市场对日本央行将进一步收紧货币 政策的预 ...

由于持续的通胀担忧和日益上升的财政风险继续打压市场情绪，日本30年期国债收益率攀升至历史高点。数据显示，日本30年期国债收益率周五一度升至 3.21%，超过7月创下的前期峰值3.2%。其他期限的日本国债收益率也同步走高，延续了日本国债长达数月的抛售趋势。 周五公布的数据显示，日本7月核心CPI同比上涨3.1%，高于市场预期的3%，且远超日本央行2%的目标。高企的通胀提振了市场对日本央行加息的预期，日 本国债收益率也应声走高。 不过，超长期日本国债收益率已攀升至一些寿险公司认为具有吸引力的水平。T&D资产管理公司首席策略师Hiroshi Namioka表示："超长期日本国债的投资 吸引力正在显现。"但他也补充称："在20年期和10年期等期限较长的日本国债中，收益率仍有进一步上升的空间。" 市场目前关注的是日本央行行长植田和男在杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会上的讲话，以寻找有关日本央行政策路径的信号。在周五的最新通胀数据出炉后，交易 员们当前预计，到10月底日本央行加息的概率约为51%，高于通胀数据出炉前的45%，同样远远高于一个月前市场预期的约35%。 值得一提的是，在周五的通胀数据发布约一周前，美国财政部长贝森特在接 ...

金老虎：通胀压金价，降息悬九月，俄美会谈搅动避险风云真正的人生修行，始于懂得接纳自己的平 凡。明白有些光环注定与自己无缘，比盲目追逐所有荣耀更有价值。生活的起伏从不会因个人的期盼而 改变，困惑的往往是那些试图左右一切的人。受得了不圆满的日常，才能扛得住命运的考验，内心定 了，自然能在得失中找到安稳的坐标。你不必懊恼为什么没活成别人，你该思考如何活出自己的节奏。 人生的本质从不是攀比外在的光鲜，而是坚守内心的丰盈，懂得量力而行，才能在无常之中，稳稳握住 属于自己的那份笃定。 2：地缘政治风险溢价回落尽管中东局势持续紧张，但市场对冲突外溢的担忧已被前期充分定价。与此 同时，阿塞拜疆与亚美尼亚 8 月 8 日签署的和平协议缓解了南高加索地区的地缘风险，叠加美国与欧盟 就汽车关税争端达成临时协议，全球贸易摩擦的不确定性边际下降。风险偏好回升促使资金从黄金转向 股票市场，标普 500 指数在 8 月 11 日至 15 日累计上涨 1.3%，资金分流效应显著。三、供需基本面边 际变化1：央行购金节奏放缓世界黄金协会 数据显示，2025 年二季度全球央行黄金净购买量为 128 吨， 较一季度的 187 吨下降 32.6%， ...

1. Report Industry Investment Ratings No industry investment ratings are provided in the reports. 2. Core Views of the Reports Methanol - The inland maintenance is expected to peak in early August. Currently, the production volume remains at a high level year - on - year. This week, the port has significantly accumulated inventory, the basis is stable, there are many imports in August, downstream demand is weak due to low profits, MTO profits are low, and the situation of low - profit and high - load operation is unsustainable. Pay attention to the subsequent start - up situation. For the 09 contract, there is significant inventory accumulation. The 01 contract has expectations of a seasonal peak season and Iranian plant shutdowns. After the near - end weakens significantly, consider building positions at low prices [1][2]. Polyolefins - On the supply side, PP maintenance is starting to decline, PE maintenance will increase in mid - to - late August, imports remain at a low level, and new production capacity is expected to be put into operation from August to September. On the demand side, the downstream start - up of PP/PE is at a low level, raw material inventories have decreased to a low level, and there is potential for restocking during the subsequent peak season. The overall valuation is moderately high, and the inventory of the upper and middle reaches is being depleted. The fundamental contradictions are not significant. The strategy is to take profit on the previous unilateral short positions at 7200 - 7300 near 7000 and continue to hold the LP01 position [7]. Polyester Industry Chain - **PX**: Some PX maintenance units have restart expectations, and PX supply will increase marginally in August. Although there are new PTA units being put into operation, there are many unplanned PTA unit shutdowns in August due to low processing fees. The PX supply - demand situation is expected to weaken marginally in August, and with weak oil price support, PX will fluctuate weakly. However, the medium - term supply - demand pressure is not significant, and the downward space for PX is limited. The strategy is to pay attention to the support near 6500 - 6600 for PX11 and mainly expand the PX - SC spread at low levels [10]. - **PTA**: Due to continuously low processing spreads, the planned shutdowns of PTA units have increased in August, and the PTA supply - demand situation has improved compared to expectations. However, with the commissioning of the new Hailun Petrochemical PTA unit, the medium - term PTA supply - demand situation is expected to be weak, and the PTA basis will operate weakly. Overall, considering the weak supply - demand expectations and the trend of oil prices, PTA will fluctuate weakly. However, due to low PTA processing fees and limited PX supply - demand pressure, and with the expectation of the "Golden September and Silver October" peak season, the downward space for PTA is limited. The strategy is to pay attention to the support near 4600 for TA01, conduct reverse arbitrage for TA1 - 5 at high prices, and mainly expand the PTA surface processing fee at low levels (around 250) [10]. - **MEG**: In terms of domestic supply, multiple coal - to - MEG units are restarting or increasing production in August, but the 1.9 - million - ton - per - year MEG unit of Shenghong Refining & Chemical is currently shut down due to an accident, and the restart time is undetermined, so the domestic supply recovery is postponed. In terms of overseas supply, the Ma Petroleum and Saudi Sharg3 units have shut down temporarily, and the restart time is unclear. The MEG import volume may be revised downwards. On the demand side, terminal orders are weak during the traditional off - season, but as the high - temperature period and the off - season are coming to an end, the polyester load will gradually increase. Overall, the short - term MEG supply - demand situation is expected to improve, and it is expected to fluctuate within a range. The strategy is that EGO9 is expected to fluctuate in the range of 4350 - 4500 [10]. - **Short - fiber**: The short - fiber supply and demand are both increasing. On the supply side, the previously shut - down short - fiber plants are gradually restarting. In terms of demand, with the approaching of the traditional "Golden September and Silver October" peak season, there are improvements in local autumn and winter orders at the terminal, and the downstream yarn - coating demand has increased slightly compared to last year, providing some support for prices. However, the short - term supply - demand driving force is limited, and the weak oil price trend may cause the absolute price of short - fiber to fluctuate weakly. The strategy is the same as that for TA in a single - side trade; the surface processing fee will fluctuate in the range of 800 - 1100, and the upward and downward driving forces are both limited [10]. - **Bottle - grade polyester**: August is still the peak season for soft - drink consumption, and large bottle - grade polyester plants such as Sanfangxiang, China Resources, Yisheng, and Wankai are maintaining production cuts. As the production - cut time extends, even though the demand is average, the production - cut effect is gradually emerging, as reflected in the slow depletion of current bottle - grade polyester inventory, which provides support for the processing fee. The absolute price still follows the cost side. The precondition for the processing fee to expand is an increase in demand. It is necessary to pay attention to whether the production cuts of bottle - grade polyester units will further increase and the downstream follow - up situation. The strategy is that the PR single - side trade is the same as that for PTA, the main - contract surface processing fee of PR is expected to fluctuate in the range of 350 - 500 yuan/ton, and consider going long on the processing fee at low prices in the short term [10]. Crude Oil - Oil prices are rebounding. The current main trading logic is the game between geopolitical risk uncertainties and weak demand expectations. Specifically, the meeting between US and Russian leaders may cause oil price fluctuations. If the summit fails, the threat of secondary sanctions from the US on Russian oil buyers such as China and India may lead to supply disruptions in Russia, triggering a short - term bullish risk premium and driving oil prices to rebound slightly. However, the loose supply - demand fundamentals suppress the upward space. The IEA expects the supply surplus pressure to become increasingly prominent from 2025 - 2026, and the production increase of OPEC+ and the growth of non - member supply will further increase the loose pressure. In the short term, the unexpected increase in EIA US crude oil inventories has also strengthened the bearish sentiment. Macroscopically, the expectation of a Fed rate cut in September provides some support for demand, but the impact is limited and lagging. Overall, the market remains in a stalemate before the summit results. As the weekend approaches, oil prices face two - way risks and the volatility will intensify. It is recommended to remain on the sidelines for single - side trades and consider widening the spreads between October - November/December. The support levels are [60, 61] for WTI, [63, 64] for Brent, and [470, 480] for SC. On the options side, opportunities for volatility contraction can be captured [14]. Chlor - alkali Industry - **Caustic soda**: The delivery volume of caustic soda to the main downstream has increased, and the non - aluminum downstream rigid demand has followed up. The overall demand performance has been good recently. However, some units in East China will resume operation next week. There will be fewer maintenance enterprises in the future than before, and the supply is expected to increase. In South China, it is the off - season for non - aluminum industries, but the supply is increasing. The exports of East China enterprises are mostly previous orders, and the non - aluminum market is also average. It is expected that the number of warehouse receipts in the main production areas will increase in August, which will also have a certain negative impact. It is expected that the rebound height will be limited. In the future, attention can be paid to the purchasing situation of alumina enterprises [76]. - **PVC**: On the supply side, new production capacity is being gradually put into operation, the domestic trade is weak, the spot trading is weak, and the number of warehouse receipts on the futures market is increasing. The inventory pressure continues to increase, and the demand is difficult to improve. In August, new domestic and foreign production capacity will continue to be released. Fujian Wanhua and Tianjin Bohua are expected to release production capacity in August, Gansu Yaowang plans to start production in August, and Qingdao Haiwan plans to start production in September. The release of new production capacity will put new pressure on the PVC supply side. On the downstream side, there is no expectation of improvement, the start - up rate of downstream product enterprises remains low, and the purchasing enthusiasm is weak. The industry is still in the off - season. Overall, the supply - demand pressure remains significant. The movement of coking coal will affect the PVC futures price from the cost side. It is recommended to remain on the sidelines for short - term trades [76]. Pure Benzene - Styrene - **Pure benzene**: In the third quarter, there are expectations of improvement in the pure benzene supply - demand situation compared to the previous quarter. With fewer port arrivals in August, port inventories are expected to decline, which will provide some short - term support for pure benzene prices. However, the overall supply of goods remains sufficient, and its own driving force is limited. It is expected that the short - term support for pure benzene will be relatively strong. However, with weak oil price support and weak medium - term supply - demand expectations, pure benzene will face some pressure. The strategy is that the BZ2603 single - side trade will follow the trends of oil prices and styrene [79]. - **Styrene**: In the short term, the overall styrene supply remains at a high level. However, as styrene profits are being compressed, some units have maintenance expectations; the overall load of the downstream 3S has increased. The short - term styrene supply - demand situation has improved marginally, and the port inventory continues to decline slightly, but the absolute level of port inventory is still high, and the fundamental driving force for styrene is limited. Coupled with the recent weak oil price trend, styrene may be dragged down in the short term. The strategy is to pay attention to the support near 7200 for EB09 and consider shorting on rebounds [79]. Urea - Recently, the futures market has been fluctuating weakly. The main trading logic is that the loose domestic supply - demand situation has dragged down the center of the futures price. Specifically, on the supply side, the production volume has increased, and the capacity utilization rate has improved. Although some enterprises are under maintenance, the overall supply is sufficient. On the demand side, agricultural demand is weak, industrial demand has limited growth, and in some regions, downstream production is restricted due to the military parade, resulting in temporary pressure on demand. The continuous inventory accumulation has further increased the market pressure. Although there is a certain amount of exports, the increase is limited, and the market's expectation for export fulfillment has cooled down, making it difficult to reverse the loose domestic supply - demand situation, which has led to the downward pressure on the futures price. In the future, pay attention to the resumption progress of maintenance enterprises and new maintenance plans, as well as the progress of the export side, the final confirmed volume of the Indian IPL tender, and China's supply proportion. In the short term, the futures market is likely to continue to operate weakly [86]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Methanol - **Prices and Spreads**: On August 14, the closing price of MA2601 was 2435, down 1.77% from the previous day; the closing price of MA2509 was 2340, down 1.47%. The MA91 spread was - 8.65%, and the Taicang basis remained stable at 10. The spot prices in Inner Mongolia's northern line, Henan Luoyang, and Taicang all declined to varying degrees [1]. - **Inventory**: As of Wednesday, methanol enterprise inventory was 29.5573 tons, up 0.64% from the previous value; port inventory was 102.2 tons, up 10.41%; social inventory was 131.7 tons, up 8.06% [1]. - **Start - up Rates**: As of Thursday, the domestic upstream start - up rate was 72.63%, down 0.74%; the overseas upstream start - up rate was 69.8%, up 1.96%. The downstream MTO unit start - up rate was 76.92%, up 0.68%; the formaldehyde start - up rate remained unchanged at 30.2%; the water - based paint start - up rate was 90.8%, up 1.09% [1]. Polyolefins - **Prices and Spreads**: On August 14, the closing prices of L2601, L2509, PP2601, and PP2509 all declined to varying degrees. The spreads between L2509 - 2601 and PP2509 - 2601 also changed. The basis of North China LDPE film and East China PP both increased slightly [7]. - **Inventory**: As of Wednesday, PE enterprise inventory was 44.5 tons, down 13.76% from the previous value; PP enterprise inventory was 58.8 tons, up 0.07%. The PP trader inventory was 18.0 tons, down 4.06% [7]. - **Start - up Rates**: As of Thursday, the PE device start - up rate was 77.8%, down 2.10%; the downstream weighted start - up rate was 37.9%, down 0.47%. The PP device start - up rate was 76.6%, down 1.1%; the PP powder start - up rate was 37.5%, up 4.1%; the downstream weighted start - up rate was 48.6%, down 0.3% [7]. Polyester Industry Chain - **Prices and Spreads**: On August 14, the prices of upstream products such as Brent crude oil, WTI crude oil, and CFR Japan naphtha all changed to varying degrees. The prices of downstream polyester products such as POY150/48, FDY150/96, and polyester bottle - grade chips also fluctuated. The PX - related prices and spreads, as well as the PTA - related prices and spreads, also showed different trends [10]. - **Inventory and Arrival Expectations**: As of August 11, the MEG port inventory was 55.3 tons, up 7.2% from August 4. The MEG arrival expectation on August 14 was 14.1 tons, up 2.2% from the previous day [10]. - **Start - up Rates**: The Asian PX start - up rate was 73.6%, up 0.2%; the Chinese PX start - up rate was 82.0%, up 0.9%. The PTA start - up rate was 76.2%, up 0.9%; the MEG comprehensive start - up rate was 68.4%, down 0.6%. The polyester comprehensive start - up rate was 88.8%, up 0.7% [10]. Crude Oil - **Prices and Spreads**: On August 15, Brent crude oil was at $66.84 per barrel, up 1.84% from the previous day; WTI was at $63.90 per barrel, down 0.09%. The spreads between different contracts and different crude oil varieties also changed significantly [14]. - **Refined Oil Prices and Spreads**: The prices of NYM RBOB, NYM ULSD, and ICE Gasoil all changed to varying degrees on August 15. The spreads between different refined oil contracts also showed different trends [14]. Chlor - alkali Industry - **Prices and Spreads**: On August 14, the prices of Shandong 32% liquid caustic soda (converted to 100%), East China calcium - carbide - based PVC, and other products all declined to varying degrees. The spreads between different contracts and the basis also changed [76]. - **Inventory**: As of August 7, the liquid caustic soda inventory in East China factories was 21.9 tons, up 2.0%; the PVC upstream factory inventory was 33.7 tons, down 2.4%; the total PVC social inventory was 48.1 tons, up 7.3% [76]. - **Start - up Rates**: As of August 8, the PVC total start - up rate was 77.8%, up 6.1%. The start - up rates of downstream products such as alumina, viscose staple fiber, and PVC pipes all changed to varying degrees [76]. Pure Benzene - Styrene - **Prices and Spreads**: On August 14, the prices of upstream products such as Brent crude oil, WTI crude oil, and CFR Japan naphtha all changed. The prices of pure benzene and styrene - related products also fluctuated. The spreads between different products and contracts also showed different trends [79]. - **Inventory**: As of August 11, the pure benzene inventory in Jiangsu ports was 14.60 tons, down 10.4%; the styrene inventory in Jiangsu ports was 14.88 tons, down 6.4% [79]. - **Start - up Rates**: As of August 8, the Asian pure benzene start - up rate was 76.096%, down 1.3%; the domestic pure benzene start - up rate was 78.8%, up 0.3%. The start - up rates of downstream products such as PS, EPS, and ABS also changed to varying degrees [79]. Urea - **Prices and Spreads

由于市场流动性不足以及货币政策可能再度收紧，日本5年期国债拍卖需求创下2020年以来的最低水平。此次发行导致 从2年期到10年期的各期限债券价格小幅下跌，5年期债券收益率上升3个基点至1.07%。 衡量需求的指标投标倍数平均为2.96，而上次拍卖时为3.54，过去12个月的平均值为3.74。 Bloomberg宏观策略师Mary Nicola表示："日本国债将面临新一轮的抛售压力。通胀风险依然高企，7月份生产者价格指 数同比涨幅略高于预期。本周晚些时候公布的GDP数据可能会加剧滞胀担忧。" 另一个表明需求低迷的迹象是，尾差(即平均价格与最低接受价格之间的差距)为0.03，上个月拍卖时为0.02。 对日本债券市场流动性差、波动性大的担忧也加剧了。一家机构经纪公司的数据显示，日本基准10年期债券周二完全 没有交易，是两年多以来的首次，周三才开始有交易。 在全球范围内，由于美国的通胀数据总体温和，引发了人们对美联储下个月降息的预期，美国短期债券收益率小幅下 跌。 法国农业信贷银行的Aida表示："另一个原因可能是股价上涨带来的经济信心提升。我们认为，包括超长期利率在内的 利率上升，将有利于日本彻底摆脱结构性通缩衰退 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints - The weakening US employment market has increased the expectation of the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates, and with global central banks continuing to buy gold, precious metal prices are likely to rise rather than fall. Investors are advised to buy on price dips. The support and resistance levels for London gold are around $3150 - 3250 and $3500 - 3700 respectively; for Shanghai gold, they are around 730 - 760 and 800 - 850 respectively; for London silver, they are around $34 - 38 and $37 - 40 respectively; for Shanghai silver, they are around 8500 - 8700 and 9100 - 9500 respectively [1] 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Market Data - **Shanghai Gold**: Closing price on 2025 - 08 - 05 was 781.42, trading volume was 206379.00, open interest was 214105.00, inventory (in ten - gram units) was 2547.00, and the basis (spot - futures) was 1.72 [1] - **Spot Shanghai Gold T + D**: Trading volume on 2025 - 08 - 05 was 26258.00, open interest was 208048.00 [1] - **Shanghai Silver**: Closing price on 2025 - 08 - 05 was 9192.00, trading volume was 513898.00, open interest was 371051.00, inventory (in ten - gram units) was 1157291.00, and the basis (spot - futures) was - 40.00 [1] - **Spot Shanghai Silver T + D**: Trading volume on 2025 - 08 - 05 was 270788.00, open interest was - 36146.00 [1] - **COMEX Gold Futures**: Closing price on 2025 - 08 - 05 was 3435.00, trading volume was 176453.00, open interest was 340930.00, inventory (in troy ounces) was 38800719.69 [1] - **COMEX Silver Futures**: Closing price on 2025 - 08 - 05 was 9052.00, trading volume was - 222180.00, open interest was 109684.00, inventory (in troy ounces) was 506602108.72 [1] - **London Gold Spot**: Price on 2025 - 08 - 05 was $3380.05 per ounce, SPDR Gold ETF holdings were 956.23 tons, iShare Gold ETF holdings were 449.31 tons [1] - **London Silver Spot**: Price on 2025 - 08 - 05 was $38.13 per ounce [1] - **Gold - Silver Price Ratio**: New York futures ratio was 91.56, London spot ratio was 90.37 [1] Important Information - The US Treasury plans to issue a large amount of debt this week, including $1000 billion in four - week Treasury bills, $850 billion in eight - week Treasury bills, $650 billion in 17 - week Treasury bills, $580 billion in three - year Treasury bonds, $420 billion in ten - year Treasury bonds, and $250 billion in 30 - year Treasury bonds. It has hinted that it will rely more on debt issuance to fill the fiscal deficit until at least 2026 [1] - The US July ISM Services PMI was only 50.1, with the employment index contracting and the price index reaching a new high since October 2022. Trump will decide on new Fed governors this week and will announce drug and chip tariffs within a week and significantly increase tariffs on India within 24 hours [1] - The US Treasury may issue about $5000 billion in the third quarter to replenish the cash account, which may cause a liquidity shock. Import tariffs have pushed up commodity prices, leading to a slight increase in the US consumer - end inflation rates in June. However, due to the possible significant downward revision of the number of new non - farm payrolls from May to July or far lower - than - expected figures, the US economy shows "stagflation" characteristics, increasing the expectation of Fed rate cuts in September, October, and December [1] - The European Central Bank paused rate cuts in July, keeping the deposit facility rate at 2%. The eurozone (Germany) July CPI annual rate was 2% (1.8%), higher than expected but flat compared to the previous value. Due to the continued recovery of the manufacturing PMI in the eurozone, Germany, and France in July, the market expects the ECB to cut rates about once before the end of 2025 [1] - The Bank of England cut the key rate by 25 basis points to 4.25% in June and continued to reduce its holdings of £1000 billion in government bonds from October 2024 to September 2025. The UK June CPI (core CPI) annual rate was 3.6% (3.7%), higher than expected and the previous value. The July S&P Global/CIPS Manufacturing (Services) PMI was 48.2 (51.2), higher (lower) than expected and the previous value. Due to the consecutive negative monthly GDP growth rates from April to June, the expectation of a rate cut by the Bank of England on August 7 has increased, and it may cut rates 2 - 3 times before the end of 2025 [1] - The Bank of Japan kept the benchmark interest rate unchanged at 0.5% in July and will start reducing the quarterly Treasury bond purchase scale from ¥4000 billion to ¥2000 billion in April 2026. The Japan (Tokyo) June (July) core CPI annual rate was 3.3% (2.9%), in line with expectations but lower than the previous value (lower than expected and the previous value), so there is still an expectation of a rate hike by the Bank of Japan before the end of 2025 [1] Trading Strategy - Due to the weakening US employment market increasing the Fed rate - cut expectation and global central banks' continuous gold purchases, precious metal prices are likely to rise. Investors are advised to buy on price dips. Specific support and resistance levels are provided for London gold, Shanghai gold, London silver, and Shanghai silver [1]

Group 1: Dollar Index - The possibility of Trump firing Powell has decreased, alleviating pressure on the dollar [7] - The U.S. Treasury's TGA financing is accelerating, leading to tightening liquidity which may support the dollar [9] - The dollar index has potential for further rebound, with a first target around 101 [12] Group 2: Euro - The euro is experiencing weakness due to a divergence in economic fundamentals between the U.S. and the Eurozone [19][21] - A recent trade agreement between the U.S. and the EU has temporarily avoided a large-scale trade dispute, but the 15% tariff still poses risks [21] - The euro's effective exchange rate has reached a level that could negatively impact Eurozone export growth [21][23] Group 3: Pound Sterling - The UK economic surprise index has entered a downward cycle, increasing rate cut expectations and pressuring the pound against the euro [33] - The UK public sector net borrowing in June was £20.7 billion, exceeding expectations [37] - The Bank of England is likely to maintain a cautious approach to rate cuts due to conflicting economic signals [38] Group 4: Japanese Yen - The yen has depreciated significantly, driven by a reduction in long positions [47] - Expectations of a potential interest rate hike by the Bank of Japan have increased following a trade agreement with the U.S. [47] - Market sentiment remains cautious, with the yen's depreciation expected to continue until a rate hike is confirmed [47]

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan is expected to maintain its interest rate at 0.5% during the upcoming monetary policy meeting, with a potential upward revision of inflation forecasts for the current fiscal year due to improved US-Japan trade uncertainties [1][14]. Group 1: Interest Rate Expectations - Market pricing indicates an approximately 80% chance of an interest rate hike by the end of the year, with October emerging as a favored time for the next increase [2][9]. - Following the US-Japan trade agreement, expectations for a rate hike have significantly rebounded, with a 65% probability for the October meeting and 80% for December [5][10]. - Despite the increased expectations, some analysts, including Goldman Sachs, caution that the Bank of Japan may adopt a wait-and-see approach due to ongoing negotiations and the absence of urgent inflationary pressures [8][9]. Group 2: US-Japan Trade Agreement - The US-Japan trade agreement has notably reduced uncertainties, with the US agreeing to impose a 15% tariff on Japanese goods, including automobiles, down from a previous 25% [3][4]. - Japan has committed to establishing a fund of up to $550 billion for direct investment in the US as part of the trade deal [3]. Group 3: Inflation Outlook - The Bank of Japan is likely to revise its short-term inflation forecast upward, anticipating a core CPI increase from 2.2% to approximately 2.5% for the fiscal year 2025 due to rising food prices [15][16]. - Despite the short-term adjustments, the medium-term inflation trajectory is expected to remain stable, with projections indicating a return to below 2% by the fiscal year 2026 [16]. Group 4: Bond Market Dynamics - Political uncertainties in Japan are currently pushing up long-term yields, but these premiums are expected to gradually ease as political clarity improves [17][18]. - The 10-year Japanese government bonds remain attractive, with expected holding and rolling yields surpassing capital losses, even with anticipated interest rate hikes [18].

Group 1 - The auction of two-year Japanese government bonds achieved the highest demand level since October last year, indicating a significant increase in investor participation amid rising short-term bond yields [1] - The average bid-to-cover ratio for this auction reached 4.47, higher than last month's 3.90 and the 12-month average of 3.99, reflecting strong demand [1] - The tail price spread narrowed to 0.005, an improvement from the previous auction's 0.012, further indicating robust demand [1] Group 2 - Following the auction, two-year government bond prices rose, leading to a slight decrease in yields by two basis points to 0.82%, contrasting with the overall upward trend in recent short- and long-term bond yields [1] - Market pricing shows that the "risk-neutral yield," which measures future short-term interest rate expectations, has climbed to 0.7%, the highest in nearly four months, aligning with expectations of a potential interest rate hike by the Bank of Japan [4] - The probability of a rate hike by the Bank of Japan by the end of the year has increased from 57% at the beginning of the month to approximately 75% [4] Group 3 - The auction results validate market expectations for monetary policy normalization and reflect investor demand during a rising short-rate cycle [5] - Political uncertainties remain, but the recent trade agreement and clearer expectations for central bank rate hikes are driving the Japanese bond market into a new pricing phase [5]

Group 1 - The article discusses the divergence between the Japanese stock market and the yen, highlighting that while the Nikkei 225 index has approached historical highs, the yen has depreciated significantly [3][9][71] - Since June, the Nikkei 225 has surged by 9.2%, with foreign capital inflows totaling $5.11 billion, while the yen has weakened by 2.4% during the same period [3][9][71] - The article notes that this divergence is not uncommon in Japan, as currency depreciation can improve corporate earnings, particularly for companies with significant overseas revenue [18][71] Group 2 - The article identifies low inflation expectations and a cooling of interest rate hike predictions as key factors contributing to the yen's weakness [32][72] - Japan's core CPI has been influenced more by imported factors, and inflation has consistently fallen short of expectations, leading to a reduction in market expectations for interest rate hikes from 0.7 times to 0.6 times per year [32][72] - The article also mentions that unsuccessful trade negotiations between the US and Japan, along with political turmoil from recent Senate elections, have exacerbated the yen's weakness [4][41][72] Group 3 - Following the recent trade agreement between the US and Japan, market expectations for a Bank of Japan interest rate hike in October have increased from 42.1% to 68.1% [5][51][72] - However, the article warns that insufficient inflation persistence may still hinder significant interest rate increases by the Bank of Japan [5][51][72] - The focus moving forward will be on the upcoming leadership election within the ruling Liberal Democratic Party and potential fiscal expansion, which could lead to concerns about a "debt and currency double whammy" [58][72]