就A 股市场而言，5 月份将进入2季报的验证阶段，对年内的业绩预期将给予重要指引。如果业绩端有超预期的表现，后市行情或围绕业绩的回升展开新一 轮的部署。如果业绩端表现低于预期，则市场将延续此前政策博弈和题材博弈的特征，市场的驱动力将更多来自于估值端。行业配置方面，二季度可关注： （1）一季报业绩端具有相对确定性或股息率较高带来一定防御属性的有色金属和基础化工部分细分领域、家用电器和银行行业；（2）业绩真空期叠加海外 流动性宽松预期有望推升市场风险偏好下，消费、TMT 板块的主题性投资机会。 主力净流入行业板块前五：军工，新能源汽车，大金融，券商，通用航空； 主力净流入概念板块前五：国企改革，央企改革，出海龙头，人形机器人，军 工集团； 主力净流入个股前十：东方财富、中航成飞、立讯精密、拓斯达、中国船舶、新易盛、中信证券、中航沈飞、比亚迪、赢时胜 根据《中国核能发展与展望（2023）》，预计到2035年，我国核能发电量在总发电量的占比将达到10%，相比2022年翻倍。从行业格局上看，核电运营牌照 较为稀缺，目前仅中广核、中核、国家电投和华能四家企业具备资质，而伴随着我国核电技术的发展，目前三代技术已成为主流，四 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the environmental sector [11] Core Insights - The environmental sector's net profit attributable to the parent company is expected to decline by 6.6% in 2024 and increase by 3.9% in Q1 2025, with solid performance in waste incineration and water services [2][6] - The sector's revenue for 2024 is projected at 305.7 billion, a slight decrease of 0.44% year-on-year, while the net profit attributable to the parent company is expected to be 20.9 billion, down 11.1% [6][22] - The report highlights the improvement in free cash flow for waste incineration and water services, indicating a potential for higher dividends in the future [8][9] Summary by Sections Profit and Loss Statement - In 2024, the environmental sector is expected to achieve a revenue of 3057 billion, with a net profit of 209 billion, reflecting a decline of 11.1% year-on-year [6][22] - The sector's gross margin is projected to be 27.5%, an increase of 0.46 percentage points compared to the previous year [6][22] Balance Sheet - The environmental sector's debt ratio is expected to stabilize at 57.17%, a decrease of 0.19 percentage points year-on-year [7] - Accounts receivable as a percentage of revenue is projected to increase by 7.0 percentage points to 62.8% in 2024, indicating pressure on local government finances [7] Cash Flow Statement - The cash collection ratio for the environmental sector is expected to be 91.4%, an increase of 1.7 percentage points year-on-year [8] - The free cash flow for the sector is projected to be 2.1 billion, an increase of 10.5 billion year-on-year, with significant improvements in waste incineration and water services [8] Investment Strategy - The report suggests a moderately optimistic outlook for the sector, driven by market reforms and the "14th Five-Year Plan" assessment year, which may enhance cash flow and valuation recovery [9] - Key investment targets include companies in waste incineration and water services, such as Huaneng Environment, Xingrong Environment, and Weiming Environmental [9]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In Q1 2025, the issuance and net financing scale of urban investment bonds hit a three - year low. The policy tightening forces urban investment companies to make "real transformations". The debt pressure of urban investment companies may be further relieved, and there is still room for compression of credit spreads [4][14]. - With the implementation of the "6 + 4+2" debt - resolution package, the credit risk of urban investment has slightly converged. It is recommended to invest in high - quality enterprises in strong regions and selectively sink the credit quality to seek the spread compression space [6][13]. - In the future, the borrowing - new - to - repay - old ratio of urban investment bonds will remain high, and the level of financing entities may continue to move up. Attention should be paid to issues such as local investment and financing needs, debt repayment pressure, asset idleness, and transformation authenticity [7][9]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Q1 2025 Review of Urban Investment Bond Market Operation 3.1.1 Five Characteristics of Urban Investment Bond Market Operation - **Issuance and net financing scale at a three - year low**: The issuance scale was 1.48 trillion yuan, a year - on - year decrease of 15.13%. The net financing was 75.105 billion yuan, a year - on - year decrease of 46.76%. The net financing of low - level and weak - quality entities declined significantly. Some urban investment companies turned to overseas bond issuance, with the new issuance increasing by 9.49% year - on - year [4]. - **Overall decline in issuance interest rates but monthly increase within the quarter**: The weighted average issuance interest rate was 2.45%, a year - on - year decrease of 0.54 percentage points. The decline of weak - quality entities was less than that of stronger ones [4]. - **Long - term issuance and increased reliance on borrowing new to repay old**: The weighted average term increased by 0.29 years to 3.77 years. The proportion of medium - term notes continued to rise. The broad and narrow borrowing - new - to - repay - old ratios reached 97.65% and 94.66% respectively [5]. - **Trading contraction and spread compression**: The trading scale decreased by nearly 20% year - on - year, and the trading spread was further compressed compared with the end of 2024 [5]. - **Improvement in net financing in key areas**: The net financing in key areas turned positive year - on - year and quarter - on - quarter. 17 provinces had a 100% borrowing - new - to - repay - old ratio, and Jilin and Chongqing issued project - construction urban investment bonds [5][39]. 3.1.2 Credit Situation - **Convergence of credit risk**: No non - standard defaults occurred in Q1. The number of commercial paper overdue times decreased year - on - year. Two companies in Jiangsu and Guangdong had their credit ratings upgraded. The number and scale of abnormal transactions decreased significantly year - on - year, with frequent abnormal transactions in Shandong and Guizhou [6]. 3.1.3 Issuance Forecast - It is expected that the issuance scale from April to December will be about 4.4 trillion yuan. The borrowing - new - to - repay - old ratio will remain high, and the level of financing entities may continue to move up. There may be months with negative net financing, and the total net financing scale is about 0.025 trillion yuan [7]. 3.2 Follow - up Concerns - **Local investment and financing needs**: Although there are marginal improvements in local investment and financing, the pressure on new financing is still high. It is necessary to optimize financing policies and support the opening of new investment spaces [9]. - **Debt repayment pressure**: A large amount of debt still needs to be resolved independently. Hidden - debt - related interest and government arrears should be reasonably included in the replacement scope [10]. - **Asset idleness**: Urban investment companies have a large amount of idle land assets. They should seize the opportunity of special bonds for land acquisition and adopt various ways to revitalize the assets [11]. - **Transformation authenticity**: The next two years are the critical period for transformation. Attention should be paid to the authenticity of transformation and the risk of the withdrawal of debt - resolution policies after exiting the platform [12]. 3.3 Urban Investment Bond Strategy - It is recommended to invest in high - quality enterprises in strong regions based on fundamentals to obtain coupon income. Selectively sink the credit quality, such as weak urban investment in strong regions and strong urban investment in weak regions, to seek the spread compression space brought by debt - resolution results [13].

【广发环保 郭鹏】环保行业2024年报及2025年1季报总结：流水迢迢，硕果累累 建议关注：聚光科技、皖仪科技、瀚蓝环境、盈峰环境、军信股份、海螺创业、永兴股份、绿色动力、旺能环境 等 2024年板块硕果累累：现金流、分红、成长多重亮点 24年/25Q1板块实现扣非归母净利199/72亿元，同比-5.9%/+3.8%，其中亮点： 1）#公用事业化，24年固废+水务扣非归母净利182亿元（同比+11. 【广发环保 郭鹏】环保行业2024年报及2025年1季报总结：流水迢迢，硕果累累 建议关注：聚光科技、皖仪科技、瀚蓝环境、盈峰环境、军信股份、海螺创业、永兴股份、绿色动力、旺能环境 等 2024年板块硕果累累：现金流、分红、成长多重亮点 24年/25Q1板块实现扣非归母净利199/72亿元，同比-5.9%/+3.8%，其中亮点： 1）#公用事业化，24年固废+水务扣非归母净利182亿元（同比+11.2%）、占板块比重91%（同比+14pct）； 2）#自由现金流转正、分红提高，板块24年经营性/投资性现金流净额分别为547/-472亿元，#对应简略自由现金流 75.8亿元，#首次转正，板块典型41支高分红标的分红 ...

证券研究报告 山东路桥 (000498 CH) Q1 业绩稳健，现金流显著改善 | 华泰研究 | | | 季报点评 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2025 年 | 4 月 | 30 日│中国内地 | 建筑施工 | 公司发布一季报：2025Q1 实现营收 97.6 亿元，同比+1.95%，归母净利 2.49 亿元，同比+1.89%。我们认为随着政策转向稳增长、化债加码，公司需求 和现金流有望迎来改善。4 月 29 日公司发布回购公告，拟回购股份注销， 回购金额不低于 5000 万至 1 亿元，股价不超过 8.68 元/股，预计回购股份 数量约 576~1152 万股，占总股本 0.37%~0.74%，公司对未来发展信心充 足，积极维护股东利益，维持"买入"。 25Q1 综合毛利率同比下滑，期间费用率优化，归母净利率持平 25Q1 公司综合毛利率为 11.5%，同比-0.63pct。期间费用率为 7.83%，同 比-0.19pct，其中管理/研发/财务费用率分别为 3.92%/1.83%/2.07%，同比 +0.11/-0.18/-0.11pct，管理费用同比+4.7%，费用率有所提 ...

Core Viewpoint - The company reported a revenue of 2.65 billion in 2024, a year-on-year increase of 9.8%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of 234 million, up 7.3%, slightly below expectations due to higher-than-expected impairment provisions caused by slower cash collection [1] Financial Performance - In Q4 2024 and Q1 2025, the company achieved revenues of 1.32 billion and 470 million, respectively, with year-on-year growth of 32.4% and 32.2% [1] - The new orders signed in 2024 amounted to 3.87 billion, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 9.2% [1] - The company’s comprehensive gross margin for 2024 was 25.49%, an increase of 0.75 percentage points year-on-year [2] - The operating cash flow for 2024 was 514 million, an increase of 82 million year-on-year, with a cash collection/payment ratio of 106.4%/86.4% [3] Business Segmentation - In 2024, revenue from design consulting, electromechanical engineering, and equipment manufacturing was 610 million, 1.575 billion, and 399 million, respectively, with year-on-year changes of +0.63%, +46.64%, and -28.35% [2] - The design business is successfully extending into electromechanical engineering, contributing to rapid revenue growth in this segment [2] Cost and Profitability - The company’s expense ratio for 2024 was 11.5%, a decrease of 0.69 percentage points year-on-year, with net profit margin at 8.81%, down 0.2 percentage points [3] - The impairment expense as a percentage of revenue increased by 2.25 percentage points to 4.11% in 2024 [3] Future Outlook and Valuation - The company expects a favorable outlook in grain storage construction, while cold chain logistics design demand may face pressure, leading to a downward revision of future revenue forecasts [4] - Projected net profits for 2025-2027 are 268 million, 294 million, and 318 million, reflecting changes of -7.5% and -9.3% [4] - The target price is set at 12.57, based on a 24x PE for 2025, maintaining a "buy" rating [4]

Core Viewpoint - The company reported a decline in revenue and net profit for Q1 2025, but new contract signings showed positive growth, indicating potential recovery in the upcoming quarters [1][2]. Financial Performance - Q1 2025 revenue was 154.6 billion, down 12.6% year-on-year, with a net profit of 5.47 billion, down 11.0% year-on-year [1]. - The gross profit margin for Q1 2025 was 11.6%, a decrease of 0.35 percentage points year-on-year, while the net profit margin increased by 0.07 percentage points to 3.54% [1][2]. - The company experienced a cash outflow of 48.9 billion in operating activities for Q1 2025, which was 9.3 billion more than the previous year, primarily due to seasonal factors [2]. Contract and Order Growth - New contract signings for Q1 2025 reached 553 billion, representing a year-on-year increase of 9.0%, laying a solid foundation for annual growth [2]. - The breakdown of new contracts includes 493.5 billion in infrastructure construction, 15.5 billion in design, and 4.1 billion in dredging, with notable growth in overseas projects [2]. Debt and Cash Flow - As of the end of Q1 2025, the company had a debt ratio of 34.3% and a liability ratio of 75.3%, both showing slight increases compared to the previous year [2]. - The cash collection ratio for Q1 2025 was 94.9%, down 1.61 percentage points year-on-year, while the cash payment ratio was 125.5%, up 3.77 percentage points year-on-year [2]. Profit Forecast and Valuation - The company maintains net profit forecasts of 24.6 billion, 25.9 billion, and 27.0 billion for 2025-2027 [3]. - The target price for A shares is set at 12.11 yuan, while the target price for H shares is adjusted to 7.33 HKD, maintaining a "buy" rating for both A and H shares [3].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for both A and H shares of the company [8] Core Views - The company reported a Q1 revenue of 154.6 billion, down 12.6% year-on-year, and a net profit of 5.47 billion, down 11.0% year-on-year, primarily due to seasonal factors and high base effects. However, new contracts signed increased by 9.0% year-on-year, indicating a positive trend for future growth [1][4] - The company plans to repurchase A shares worth 500 million to 1 billion and H shares worth 250 million to 500 million, reflecting confidence in stable operations [1] - The company aims for a revenue growth target of at least 5.0% and a new contract growth target of at least 7.1% for 2025 [1] Summary by Sections Financial Performance - In Q1, the gross profit margin was 11.6%, a decrease of 0.35 percentage points year-on-year, while the expense ratio slightly improved to 6.3% [2] - The net profit margin increased by 0.07 percentage points to 3.54% due to a reversal of impairment losses amounting to 521 million [2] Cash Flow and Debt - The company experienced a net cash outflow of 48.9 billion in Q1, primarily due to seasonal cash flow mismatches, with a cash collection ratio of 94.9% [3] - As of the end of Q1, the company had a debt ratio of 34.3% and a liability ratio of 75.3%, both showing slight increases year-on-year [3] New Contracts - The new contract value in Q1 reached 553 billion, up 9.0% year-on-year, with significant contributions from infrastructure construction and overseas projects [4] Profit Forecast and Valuation - The report maintains net profit forecasts for 2025-2027 at 24.6 billion, 25.9 billion, and 27.0 billion respectively, with target prices set at 12.11 RMB for A shares and 7.33 HKD for H shares [5]

Group 1 - The National Enterprise Win ETF (159719) has seen a recent increase of 0.54%, with a latest price of 1.49 yuan, and a cumulative increase of 1.58% over the past two weeks as of April 25, 2025 [1][3] - The ETF has a turnover rate of 1.98% and an average daily trading volume of 17.98 million yuan over the past year, indicating strong liquidity [1] - The management fee for the ETF is 0.25% and the custody fee is 0.05%, making it the lowest among comparable funds [1] Group 2 - The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) emphasized the importance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China's economy during a recent seminar, highlighting the need for theoretical research to address significant practical issues [1] - Analysts from Huafu Securities believe that in 2025, central SOEs may benefit from debt reduction and mergers and acquisitions, as well as from insurance capital entering the market and valuation restructuring opportunities [1] Group 3 - The CSI Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Development Theme Index (931000) has decreased by 0.82%, with mixed performance among constituent stocks [3] - The top-performing stocks include Dazhenglin (603233) with a rise of 5.70% and Gree Electric (000651) with an increase of 3.07%, while the worst performers include Oppein Home (603833) down 5.62% [3] - The Greater Bay Area ETF (512970) has also seen a decline of 0.69%, with a latest price of 1.15 yuan [3] Group 4 - The National Enterprise Win ETF closely tracks the FTSE China National Enterprise Open Win Index, which consists of 100 constituent stocks, including 80 A-share companies and 20 Chinese companies listed in Hong Kong [3] - The top ten constituent stocks of the index are predominantly state-owned enterprises, including China Petroleum, China Petrochemical, and China Construction [3][5]

Investment Rating - The report suggests that the current sector has investment value, recommending a focus on operators with potential for increased capacity utilization, leading indicators in power generation per ton and heating ratio, lower reliance on subsidies, and higher cash dividend capabilities [1]. Core Insights - The report highlights that the waste incineration sector is entering a phase of positive free cash flow, with significant increases in dividend ratios expected in the coming years. The average dividend ratio is projected to rise from 35% in 2023 to 47% in 2024, driven by a 307% year-on-year increase in free cash flow [3][23][30]. - The report emphasizes the importance of collaboration with IDC (Internet Data Center) operators, which is expected to optimize cash flow curves and business models for waste incineration operators. This partnership is anticipated to create a win-win scenario for all parties involved [3][54]. Summary by Sections Section 1: Industry Overview - The waste incineration industry has achieved a 100% harmless treatment rate for domestic waste by the end of 2023, with a significant shift towards incineration over landfill methods [12][13]. - The fixed cost structure of waste incineration plants is characterized by a high proportion of depreciation and amortization costs, approximately 42.8%, leading to stable cash outflows [15][18]. Section 2: Financial Performance - The report notes that the waste incineration sector is expected to see a substantial increase in free cash flow, with the first year of positive free cash flow occurring in 2023. The average dividend payout ratio is projected to increase significantly in 2024 [3][23][30]. - The cash flow structure is stable, with variable costs linked to fuel prices being only 5.5% of total costs, while the majority consists of labor and auxiliary costs [15][18]. Section 3: Risks and Challenges - The report identifies several risks, including delayed subsidy payments, lower-than-expected capacity utilization for newly commissioned plants, and potential issues with the commercial model leading to accounts receivable delays [2][26]. - The impact of subsidy reductions on project internal rates of return (IRR) is highlighted, with a decrease of 0.1 CNY/KWh potentially lowering IRR from 7.9% to 6.2% [29][34]. Section 4: Strategic Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on regional operators in high electricity price areas (e.g., Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei) that have lower reliance on subsidies and higher cash dividend capabilities [1]. - Collaboration with IDC is seen as a strategic move to enhance cash flow and stabilize revenue streams, particularly in light of increasing energy demands from data centers [54][56].