Core Viewpoint - The financial market index showed a positive start in January 2026, increasing from 133.0 to 136.4 year-on-year, and from 134.7 to 136.4 month-on-month, driven by multiple positive signals including loose monetary policy, debt reduction efforts, and the attractiveness of RMB assets amid geopolitical tensions [1][15]. Group 1: Stock Market - The stock market financial index rose from 22.7 to 25.3 from January 2025 to January 2026, reflecting an 11% year-on-year increase and a 2% month-on-month increase, driven by domestic funds, policy support, and the safe-haven appeal of RMB assets [4][19]. - The asset management industry, with a scale of nearly 185 trillion, and the return of cross-border ETFs contributed to the influx of capital into the stock market [19]. - The strong performance of the RMB against the USD, nearing 6.9, and a 4% risk premium in the Chinese stock market enhanced the attractiveness of RMB assets, leading to continued foreign capital inflow [5][19]. Group 2: Macro-Leverage Financial Market - The macro-leverage financial market index increased from 19.6 to 25.9, a 32% year-on-year rise and a 2% month-on-month increase, driven by policy-driven investment expansion and passive leverage increase due to insufficient demand [6][20]. - The macro leverage ratio reached 302.4% by the end of 2025, with a passive increase of 11.7 percentage points throughout the year [20]. Group 3: Banking and Credit Financial Market - The banking and credit financial market index rose from 18.3 to 20.4, an 11% year-on-year increase, but a slight 1% month-on-month decrease, reflecting stable policy support amid weak real demand [7][21]. - The growth in bank wealth management scale by 11.15% and the optimization of assets through debt reduction in key provinces supported credit expansion [21]. Group 4: Currency and Interbank Market - The currency and interbank market financial index surged from 22.7 to 28.3, a 25% year-on-year increase and an 8% month-on-month increase, due to loose monetary policy and abundant liquidity [9][23]. - The narrowing of the interest rate differential between China and the US, along with a weak CPI/PPI, provided ample space for the central bank to maintain a loose policy [23]. Group 5: Non-Traditional Banking Market - The non-traditional banking financial market index rose from 17.2 to 21.8, a 26% year-on-year increase and a 2.3% month-on-month increase, driven by industry clearing and asset management expansion [10][24]. - The exit of over 700 institutions from the market improved the industry ecosystem, while the asset management sector experienced explosive growth across various funds [24]. Group 6: Bond Market - The bond market financial index fell significantly from 32.4 to 14.8, a 54% year-on-year decline and an 11% month-on-month decline, due to supply-demand imbalances and credit risks [11][24]. - The expectation of increased issuance of long-term special government bonds and local special bonds during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period contributed to the supply pressure reflected in the market [12][24].

Core Viewpoint - The construction materials industry is experiencing a sustainable growth momentum due to unprecedented debt resolution actions, which are expected to improve market expectations and drive investment recovery in infrastructure and real estate sectors [1] Fiscal Perspective - The current debt resolution measures, including debt swaps and the expansion of special bonds, have systematically alleviated liquidity constraints for local governments, improving fiscal space for infrastructure investments [1] - Special bonds issued by local governments have been increasing annually since 2017, with projections for 2024 and 2025 to exceed 7 trillion yuan, and the total issuance in 2025 expected to surpass 10 trillion yuan for the first time in history [1][4] Infrastructure Investment - The issuance of special bonds is expected to lead to a significant increase in construction activity in transportation, municipal, and water conservancy sectors, with a projected surge in physical work volume in the first half of 2025 [4][6] - Despite a decline in infrastructure investment growth, the sector still holds a significant share of fixed asset investment, indicating its critical role in the overall economy [4] Policy Transition - The policy environment is shifting from "debt replacement" to "investment stimulation," which is likely to further enhance demand for construction materials [5] Demand Dynamics - The demand structure for construction materials is changing, with traditional materials benefiting from infrastructure support and renovation materials gaining from the demand for upgrading existing properties [6] - The dual drivers of infrastructure and real estate are expected to provide a solid foundation for the construction materials sector during this debt resolution cycle [6] Profitability and Market Outlook - The profitability of the cement industry is recovering, with expectations of improved margins due to supply-side adjustments and a favorable demand outlook from real estate policies [8] - The construction materials sector is characterized by high cash flow and potential for stable dividends, with forecasts indicating overall profit recovery by 2026 [8] Investment Opportunities - The construction materials ETF (159745) tracks the performance of the construction materials index, providing investors with a tool to efficiently allocate resources in the sector [8][11] - The sector is viewed as a core cyclical investment opportunity, especially in the context of a market shift towards undervalued, high-dividend stocks [11]

地方政府债与城投行业监测周报 2022 年第 9 期 隐性债务监管高压态势不变强调防范"处置风险的风险" 城投年报 2025 年 1 月 1 日—1 2 月 3 1 日 地方政府与城投行业研究 "退平台"倒计时下的城投风险再审视 ——2025 年城投行业运行回顾与 2026 年展望 袁海霞 hxyuan@ccxi.com.cn 汪苑晖 yhwang@ccxi.com.cn 王肖梦 xmwang01@ccxi.com.cn 鲁 璐 llu@ccxi.com.cn 作者： 中诚信国际 研究院 【2025 年上半年城投行业运行回顾与下阶 段展望】净融资连续 4 个月为负，警惕退 平台加速风险显性化，2025-06 从财务视角看化债与转型背景下的城投企 业——基于对 2390 家城投企业 2024 年年 报的分析，2025-05 【城投债市场运行 2025 年一季度回顾与展 望】净融创近三年新低，政策收紧倒逼城 投"真转型"，2025-04 2025 年哪些区域将率先退出重点省份名单？ ——基于"99 号文"的相关估算，2025- 02 【城投债市场运行 2024 年回顾与 2025 年 展望】重点省份净融出、退名单 ...

Group 1 - The company will disclose its annual report on April 24, 2026 [2] - The company will continue to focus on key industries and its core advantages while increasing efforts in new business market expansion to offset the decline in traditional business revenue [2] - The company plans to enhance the collection of accounts receivable by refining its collection mechanisms, particularly targeting long-aged receivables, and will fully promote debt reduction efforts [2] - The company aims to optimize its cost and expense management system and implement multiple measures to reduce costs and increase efficiency [2]

证 券 研 究 报 告 【债券日报】 2025 年城投非标融资及信用舆情数据全览 2025 年全国城投信托融资及规模均同比下降 50%以上。2025 年，全国城投公 司及其子公司共发生信托融资 2669 笔，融资规模共计 1627 亿元。区域层面， 2025 年共有 21 省城投主体涉及信托融资，除甘肃和北京外，其余各省数量及 规模均有所下降，吉林、天津等地区降幅领先。 租赁融资：监管指导金租稳妥退出城投业务，融资规模继续小幅下降 监管指导推动金租稳妥退出城投业务。2024 年 5 月 9 日，金监局非银机构监 管司党支部在中国银行保险报发表《严控风险 发挥特色功能 推动非银机构更 好服务高质量发展》一文，其中提到：推动金融租赁公司积极稳妥退出融资平 台业务，严禁将不适格租赁物进行重组、续作。 2025 年全国城投租赁融资数量同比上升 2%，规模同比下降 8%。2025 年，全 国城投公司及其子公司共发生租赁融资 9029 笔，规模合计 9043 亿元。区域 层面，2025 年 31 省均有城投主体涉及租赁融资，其中 12 省数量同比减少， 20 省规模同比下降。 城投信用风险舆情有所减少，债务风险继续缓释 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - The introduction of special new special-purpose bonds has changed the traditional allocation logic of special-purpose bonds, and the allocation logic has become more complex due to regional economic and fiscal differences and the balance between economic development and "Three Guarantees" [4][7][18]. - The allocation of new special-purpose bond quotas at the provincial level generally follows the logic of "following the projects", but in recent years, the explanatory power of objective factors, especially debt risk factors, has decreased, and more attention is paid to management performance and local application factors. Since 2020, the quota allocation has been "tailored to local conditions and precisely targeted", showing regional heterogeneity [9][75][81]. - The allocation of new special-purpose bond quotas at the municipal level is more flexible and difficult to fully explain with objective factors. It is speculated that the resource coordination of provincial governments for municipalities will further reduce the explanatory power of objective factors [9][85][88]. - Some provinces have significant deviations in the actual allocation of new special-purpose bond quotas from the theoretical values. Some economic provinces may receive more quotas due to major project construction, while some regions may receive more funds for debt resolution [10][90]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Special-purpose Bonds as the Main Local Financing Method - The scale of special-purpose bonds has been continuously increasing. As of the end of 2025, the stock of local special-purpose bonds in China was 37 trillion yuan, accounting for nearly 70% of the total stock of local government bonds. The net financing of special-purpose bonds increased significantly in 2020 and 2024, and the issuance scale and stock are expected to continue to rise [19]. - Special-purpose bonds can be divided into new special-purpose bonds, refinancing special-purpose bonds, and replacement special-purpose bonds. There are also special refinancing special-purpose bonds and special new special-purpose bonds for debt resolution [21]. 3.2 Deviation between Special-purpose Bond Investment and Physical Workload - In 2024 and 2025, new special-purpose bond funds were mainly invested in transportation infrastructure, municipal and industrial park infrastructure, and other fields. However, there may be a situation where "money waits for projects", and the progress of some special-purpose bond funds in forming physical workload is slow [25][30]. 3.3 Debt Resolution Factors Becoming an Important Consideration in Special-purpose Bond Allocation - The spatial distribution of special-purpose bond stocks is uneven. Since 2023, the marginal changes have reflected the policy orientation of "risk prevention". The issuance of refinancing special-purpose bonds in the western region has increased rapidly, and the proportion of debt resolution funds in key provinces is relatively high [37]. 3.4 Process and Results of New Special-purpose Bond Quota Allocation - **Principles**: New special-purpose bond quota allocation mainly considers five factors: financial strength, debt risk, construction demand, capital efficiency, and local applications, and is adjusted by a fluctuation coefficient. Overall, it follows the principle of "rewarding the excellent and punishing the inferior", but also pays attention to risk prevention [8][47]. - **Results**: There is a positive correlation between the new special-purpose bond quota and the actual in - place investment in fixed assets, but there are also some deviations. The allocation of new special-purpose bond quotas can generally reflect the objective situation, but some provinces deviate from the trend, indicating that they may receive more special funds [53][57]. 3.5 Provincial Quota Allocation: From "Extensive Distribution" to "Precise Targeting" - The allocation of new special-purpose bond quotas at the provincial level generally follows the logic of "following the projects". In recent years, the explanatory power of objective factors has decreased, and more attention is paid to management performance and local application factors. Since 2020, the allocation logic has shown regional heterogeneity [9][75][81]. 3.6 Municipal Quota Allocation: From "Rewarding the Excellent and Punishing the Inferior" to "Overall Coordination" - The allocation of new special-purpose bond quotas at the municipal level is more flexible, and the overall explanatory power of objective factors is weaker. It is speculated that the resource coordination of provincial governments will further reduce the explanatory power of objective factors [85][88]. 3.7 Deviation Calculation: Which Provinces Receive More Special-purpose Bond Funds? - Provinces such as Shandong, Guangdong, Anhui, Tianjin, Gansu, and Xinjiang have a large upward deviation in the actual quota allocation from the theoretical value, while Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang have a large downward deviation. Some economic provinces may receive more quotas for major project construction, and some regions may receive more funds for debt resolution [10][90].

Summary of Conference Call on Construction and Building Materials Industry Industry Overview - The construction and building materials industry is experiencing significant investment opportunities, particularly in the central and western regions of China, with a focus on Sichuan Province due to debt reduction and state-owned enterprise reforms [1][4] - Infrastructure investment growth is projected at approximately 4.5% for 2026, with a focus on regional and structural characteristics [5] Key Insights - **Special Bond Issuance**: There has been a notable acceleration in the issuance of special bonds, particularly in Q4 2025, with a total of 200 billion yuan issued by the end of October, followed by 460 billion and 190 billion in November and December respectively. However, these funds are expected to translate into physical investments primarily in Q1 2026 [2][3] - **Construction Orders**: The amount of construction orders has increased by 23% year-on-year, indicating a significant rise in physical workload for Q1 [2][3] - **Central Enterprises**: Major construction central enterprises like China State Construction and China State Construction International are expected to see substantial valuation recovery if they can clear receivables through debt reduction and reform [1][8] - **Overseas Orders**: Companies like China National Materials and Jinggong Steel Structure have shown remarkable growth in overseas orders, with Jinggong's overseas orders increasing by 90% year-on-year, reaching 7.2 billion yuan [2][10] Regional Focus - **Sichuan Province**: As a strategic hub, Sichuan is expected to benefit from policy incentives and has a stable demand for fixed asset investments. The province's infrastructure investment is projected to have significant potential due to its rising share of national transportation investment [6][7] Sector Recommendations - **Building Materials**: The building materials sector is currently in a phase of valuation recovery, with recommendations prioritizing consumer building materials, cement, glass, and fiberglass [11] - **Consumer Building Materials**: Within this category, the recommended order is waterproof materials, gypsum boards, pipes, and coatings [12] Market Dynamics - **Demand Trends**: Demand for various building materials is expected to decline from previous highs, particularly in waterproof and municipal pipeline sectors, while coatings and gypsum boards show resilience due to renovation activities [14] - **Infrastructure Impact**: The acceleration of special bond issuance and a strong start to 2026 are expected to support overall demand for building materials, particularly in renovation-related products [15] Supply and Pricing - **Waterproof Industry**: The waterproof sector has seen a significant reduction in small enterprises, with the top three companies controlling nearly 50% of the market. Price stability or slight increases are anticipated due to a shift in pricing strategies [16] - **Cement Sector**: Cement companies are currently valued at historical lows, with a mild recovery in production capacity utilization expected. Prices are projected to follow a trend of low-to-high throughout the year [17] - **Glass Sector**: The glass market remains weak, with demand linked to construction activity. Supply constraints due to production line adjustments may provide some support [18] - **Fiberglass Sector**: Fiberglass demand is less correlated with real estate, with price stability expected for standard products and slight increases for high-end products [19]

Group 1: Macro Economic Outlook - The report indicates that China's economy is expected to enter a phase of prosperity in 2026, with a strong ability to create wealth reflected in a projected GDP growth of 5.0% for 2025, supported by a 5.5% increase in exports despite global trade barriers [6][7] - Nominal GDP growth is under pressure but shows signs of marginal improvement, with a quarterly growth of 3.8% in Q4 2025, indicating a recovery in cash flow and potential for further recovery in 2026 due to capital repatriation and monetary easing [7][9] - Consumer spending is identified as a key area for growth, with significant potential for recovery as policies to support consumption are expected to be optimized, although the consumer balance sheets remain under pressure [8][11] Group 2: Investment Opportunities - The report maintains a positive outlook on major assets such as AH shares and government bonds, suggesting that A-shares will reach new highs post "spring excitement," with recommended sector allocations in non-ferrous metals, consumer goods, and high-end manufacturing [6][12] - The acquisition of a 11.94% stake in Shengang Securities by Ruida Futures is seen as a strategic move to enhance wealth management capabilities and strengthen the synergy between securities and futures, with a projected net profit increase of 30.1% to 498 million yuan by 2025 [2][15] - In the beauty and healthcare sector, Juzi Bio is positioned for growth with the approval of innovative medical devices, projecting EPS growth from 1.82 yuan in 2025 to 2.46 yuan in 2027, maintaining a "buy" rating [3][19] Group 3: Market Trends and Sector Analysis - The North Exchange market is experiencing a rotation with a focus on sectors like commercial aerospace and technology, suggesting structural opportunities in specialized sectors such as semiconductors and robotics, driven by favorable policies and liquidity changes [4][24] - The report highlights the importance of monitoring liquidity changes and market style shifts, recommending investments in leading companies within sectors that benefit from clear policy support [4][24] - The beauty and healthcare industry is entering a new growth phase driven by technological advancements and a strong product pipeline, with Juzi Bio leveraging its platform for competitive advantage [3][19]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is implementing a series of proactive fiscal policies aimed at promoting high-quality economic and social development, with a focus on increasing overall fiscal expenditure and optimizing its structure for better efficiency and stronger economic momentum [2][14]. Fiscal Policy and Expenditure - In 2026, the overall fiscal expenditure will continue to increase, ensuring that the fiscal deficit, total debt scale, and expenditure remain at necessary levels, with a commitment to "only increase, not decrease" [2][14]. - The fiscal deficit rate for 2025 is set at around 4%, an increase of one percentage point from the previous year, with new government debt reaching 11.86 trillion yuan, up by 2.9 trillion yuan from the previous year [3][4]. Debt Management - The government maintains a relatively low debt-to-GDP ratio compared to the average of G20 countries, despite increasing deficits and debt issuance [4]. - In 2025, measures will be taken to replace 2 trillion yuan of hidden debt and allocate 800 billion yuan in new special bonds to support local government finances, thereby reducing the average interest cost of local debts by over 2.5 percentage points [6][7]. Support for Consumption and Investment - A special long-term government bond issuance of 1.3 trillion yuan in 2025 will support consumption and promote the sale of green, low-carbon, and intelligent products, with an expected sales boost of approximately 2.6 trillion yuan [5]. - Policies will be introduced to stimulate consumption through personal consumption loans and support for new consumption models, as well as adjustments to tax refund policies for duty-free shops [5]. Support for SMEs and Innovation - A new loan interest subsidy policy for small and micro enterprises will focus on 14 key industrial chains, including new energy, automotive, and medical equipment [8][9]. - The government will provide risk-sharing funds to support bond issuance for private enterprises and private equity investment institutions, mitigating investor losses [10]. Pension and Social Security - In 2025, the central government will allocate approximately 1.2 trillion yuan for basic pension insurance subsidies, with a 2% increase in pension levels for retirees [11]. Tax System and Market Development - The government aims to improve the local tax system to support the construction of a unified national market, including clarifying fiscal responsibilities and enhancing tax regulations [12]. Technological Innovation and Investment - The government will support the National Venture Capital Guidance Fund to invest in early-stage, small, long-term, and hard technology projects, promoting innovation in key industries [19]. - Financial support will be provided for technology innovation loans, with the central bank offering re-loan support to facilitate the transformation of manufacturing and digitalization of SMEs [20][21]. Export Tax Policy Changes - The cancellation of export tax rebates for solar and electronic products starting April 1, 2026, is expected to promote efficient resource utilization and address "involution" in competition [17].

Economic Overview - In December, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 0.9% year-on-year, down from 1.3% in the previous month[3] - The GDP growth rate for Q4 was 4.5%, a decrease of 0.3 percentage points from Q3, achieving the annual GDP growth target[4] Production and Investment - December's industrial added value rose by 5.2% year-on-year, compared to 4.8% in the previous month, aligning with the PMI trends[6] - Fixed asset investment in December fell by 15.0% year-on-year, widening by 3.0 percentage points from the previous month, with manufacturing, broad infrastructure, and real estate investments decreasing by 10.5%, 16.0%, and 35.8% respectively[29] Sector Performance - The downstream industrial growth was relatively strong, while the midstream sector saw a decline from 5.1% in July to 3.5% in December, a drop of nearly 1.6 percentage points[4] - In December, the retail sales of communication equipment and cultural office supplies grew by 14.0% and 9.1% year-on-year, continuing a double-digit growth trend[27] Real Estate Insights - Real estate investment in December decreased by 35.8% year-on-year, compared to a 30.1% decline in the previous month, indicating ongoing pressure in the sector[36] - The area of completed housing in December saw a year-on-year decline of 18.4%, but this was an improvement of 7.0 percentage points from the previous month[38] Consumer Behavior - The retail sales of gold and silver jewelry fell by 1.0% year-on-year in December, a decline of 9.5 percentage points compared to the previous month, marking one of the largest drops among categories[27] - Service sector production index in December rose by 5.0% year-on-year, showing stronger resilience compared to goods consumption[23]