Group 1: Investment Ratings and General Market Outlook - No explicit report industry investment rating provided [1] - The core view is that various commodities show different trends based on factors such as national policies, trade negotiation results, and supply - demand fundamentals. Market sentiment has been affected by factors like China - US trade talks and inflation data [1] Group 2: Macro - Financial Sector - **Stock Index**: Since April, with the support of national policies and Central Huijin's funds, the stock index has recovered the technical gap formed by the tariff shock on April 2. The current risk - return ratio of chasing the rise is not high. Holders of long positions can consider reducing positions on rallies [1] - **Treasury Bonds**: Asset shortage and weak economy are favorable for bond futures, but the central bank's short - term reminder of interest - rate risks suppresses the upward space [1] - **Gold**: Short - term market risk appetite has recovered, and the gold price may enter a consolidation phase, but the medium - to - long - term upward logic remains unchanged [1] - **Silver**: Overall, it follows gold, but an unexpected tariff result will benefit the commodity attribute of silver, so the short - term resilience of the silver price may be stronger than that of gold [1] Group 3: Non - Ferrous Metals Sector - **Copper**: The result of China - US trade negotiations exceeded expectations, and short - term market sentiment has improved. However, the copper price has significantly rebounded and may fluctuate [1] - **Aluminum and Alumina**: The aluminum electrolysis industry has no obvious contradictions. With the unexpected result of China - US trade negotiations, the aluminum price continues to rebound. Supply disturbances of bauxite and alumina have increased, and the supply - demand pattern of alumina has improved. The short - term price may further rebound [1] - **Zinc**: Although the macro sentiment has improved, the terminal demand has weakened significantly in the off - season, and with the inflow of imported goods, the zinc price remains weak [1] - **Nickel and Stainless Steel**: US inflation has cooled more than expected, and the result of China - US talks has exceeded market expectations. The export order expectation of terminals has improved, and market risk appetite is expected to recover. The Indonesian resource tax policy has been implemented, and the premium of nickel ore is high. There are rumors of a mining ban in the Philippines, but the implementation is difficult. The nickel price fluctuates in the short term, and there is still pressure from the surplus of primary nickel in the medium - to - long term. The short - term stainless steel futures fluctuate and rebound, but there is still supply pressure in the medium - to - long term [1] - **Tin**: With the unexpected result of China - US talks and improved macro sentiment, the tin price is expected to rebound. The resumption of production in Wa State needs to be continuously monitored [1] - **Industrial Silicon**: Supply is strong, demand is weak, it has entered the low - valuation range, demand has not improved, inventory pressure has not been relieved, and the China - US tariff negotiation result is unexpected [1] - **Polycrystalline Silicon**: The number of registered warehouse receipts is extremely small, the first delivery is approaching, the futures price is at a discount to the spot price, and the willingness to register warehouse receipts is low, and the China - US tariff negotiation result is unexpected [1] - **Lithium Carbonate**: Supply has not further shrunk, the visible inventory has continued to accumulate, the downstream raw material inventory is at a high level, downstream still maintains rigid - demand purchases at low prices, and the China - US tariff negotiation result is unexpected [1] Group 4: Ferrous Metals Sector - **Steel Products (Rebar, Hot - Rolled Coil)**: The trade turmoil has intensified the pressure on the export chain. The short - term risk appetite is slightly poor, and the opening price dives downward [1] - **Iron Ore**: The tariff policy affects market sentiment, and the iron ore with strong financial attributes is under short - term pressure [1] - **Manganese Silicon**: There is still an expectation of decline under the expectation of manganese ore surplus, and the variety has heavy warehouse - receipt pressure [1] - **Silicon Iron**: The cost is dragged down by thermal coal, but the production reduction in the production area is large, and the supply - demand situation has become tight [1] - **Glass**: The situation of weak supply and demand continues. With the arrival of the rainy season, there are concerns about weakening demand, and the price continues to be weak [1] - **Soda Ash**: There are many overhauls in May, and the direct demand is okay, but there is medium - term supply surplus, and the price is under pressure [1] - **Coking Coal and Coke**: The supply and demand of coking coal and coke are relatively surplus and are short - positioned in the sector. It is recommended that industrial customers actively seize the opportunities of cash - and - carry arbitrage and selling hedging when the market rebounds to a premium. Consider participating in the JM9 - 1 calendar spread arbitrage [1] Group 5: Agricultural Products Sector - **Palm Oil**: The rise in crude oil will drive the rebound of palm oil, and the China - US talks will drag down the soybean - palm oil price spread. It is recommended to short after the crude oil price falls [1] - **Soybean Oil**: China - US talks are expected to have a negative impact on soybean oil sentiment in the short term, dragging down the soybean - palm oil price spread. It is recommended to wait and see [1] - **Rapeseed Oil**: The northern rapeseed - producing areas in Europe are still dry, which is not conducive to the formation of rapeseed yield per unit in the bolting stage. The China - Canada relationship is still uncertain. If Canada cancels the additional tariffs on China, it is expected to cause a large decline. Consider long - volatility strategies [1] - **Cotton**: In the short term, there are disturbances such as trade negotiations and weather premiums for US cotton. In the long term, macro uncertainties are still strong. The domestic cotton - spinning industry has entered the consumption off - season, and there are signs of inventory accumulation in downstream finished products. It is expected that the domestic cotton price will maintain a weak and fluctuating trend [1] - **Sugar**: According to the latest forecast of the Brazilian National Supply Company, Brazil's sugarcane production in the 2025/26 season is expected to be 663.4 million tons, a 2% decline from the previous year. The sugar production is expected to reach a record 4.59 million tons, a 4% increase from the previous year. If the crude oil price continues to be weak, it may affect the sugar - making ratio in Brazil's new crushing season and lead to an unexpected increase in sugar production [1] - **Corn**: The overall situation of deep - processing in the Northeast has stabilized, the decline in Shandong's deep - processing has slowed down. The import corn auction policy and China - US economic and trade talks have a negative impact on sentiment. The market回调 in the short term. It is recommended to buy on dips and pay attention to the C07 - C01 calendar spread arbitrage [1] - **Soybean Meal**: There is no driving force for speculation in US soybean planting. The domestic market continues to digest the negative factors of spot pressure and Brazilian selling pressure, and the market is expected to fluctuate [1] - **Pulp**: After the positive impact of the unexpected China - US trade negotiation on pulp futures is realized, the fundamentals still lack upward momentum, and it is expected to fluctuate [1] - **Logs**: The arrival volume of logs remains high, the overall inventory is high, and the price of terminal products has declined. There is no short - term positive factor, and it is expected to fluctuate at a low level [1] - **Pigs**: With the continuous repair of the pig inventory, the slaughter weight continues to increase. The market expectation is obvious, the futures price is at a large discount to the spot price, and there are no bright spots in the downstream [1] Group 6: Energy and Chemical Sector - **Crude Oil - Related (Fuel Oil, Palm Oil)**: The result of China - US trade negotiations far exceeds market expectations, reducing concerns about weakening demand. After a sharp decline, there is a demand for rebound and repair [1] - **BR Rubber**: The result of China - US trade negotiations is unexpected. In the short term, the raw material cost support is strengthened due to rainfall in the production area. In the medium - to - long term, the fundamentals are loose, and demand is weak, and the price is expected to decline [1] - **PTA, Short - Fiber, and Related Products**: The upstream PX device is under intensive maintenance, and the internal - external price difference of PX has been significantly repaired. The demand for PTA is supported by the high load of polyester. The PTA shortage strengthens the cost support for short - fiber, and short - fiber performs strongly under the high basis [1] - **Ethylene Glycol**: Ethylene glycol devices are under maintenance, large - scale devices in Jiangsu and Zhejiang have reduced their loads, and coal - based devices have started to be overhauled [1] - **Pure Benzene and Styrene**: The improvement of China - US tariff policies stimulates market speculative demand, the pure benzene price gradually strengthens, the profit of the reforming device declines, and the downstream demand for styrene is expected to pick up [1] - **Methanol**: The basis strengthens, the trading volume is average. In the short term, the methanol price fluctuates in a range and is slightly strong. In the medium - to - long term, the methanol spot market may change from strong to weak and fluctuate [1] - **PE, PP, PVC, and Caustic Soda**: For PE, the basis strengthens, and the trading volume is general. It fluctuates slightly strongly in the short term and may change from strong to weak in the medium - to - long term. For PP, some previously overhauled devices have resumed operation, demand is stable, and it fluctuates slightly strongly with macro - positive factors. For PVC, the fundamentals are weak, and it rebounds in the short term with macro - positive factors. For caustic soda, the spot demand is weak, and the driving force for price increase is insufficient, and the price fluctuates weakly [1]

关税冲击影响跟踪：宏观与消费 20250513 摘要 • 中美贸易摩擦缓和预期提升风险偏好，利好中国市场，但 30%关税仍是重 要影响。中国资本市场有望相对美国表现更好，短期内贸易摩擦调整较多 的板块或反弹，科技加红利仍是看好的主线。 • 预计全年中国对美出口仍将保持正增长，即使美国加征 30%的关税，对美 出口下降 25 个百分点，对整体出口影响为 3.6 个百分点，对 GDP 影响大 约是 0.5 个百分点。 • 政策应对方面，应重点落实存量政策，通过政策性金融工具应对短期冲击， 预计规模在 8,000 亿到 1 万亿左右，而非增发国债或调整赤字率。 • 中国消费产业链具备国际竞争力，在中美贸易摩擦中表现出强韧性。建议 关注国际化能力优秀且海外产能布局丰富的消费行业龙头，如美的、海尔、 海信家电和 TCL 电子。 • 医药行业大部分药品获得关税豁免，但医疗设备加征 145%关税导致对美 出口基本停滞。创新药板块表现强势，医疗设备及耗材类公司股价表现弱 势。关注美国 CPI 上升及特朗普政策对医药行业的影响。 Q&A 目前中国面临的关税情况如何？ 目前，中国面临的关税包括 20%的芬太尼关税、10%的对等关 ...

英国央行委员泰勒：关税冲击的规模超出了市场预期。 ...

Summary of Aluminum Market Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call focused on the aluminum industry, discussing supply-demand dynamics, pricing, and profit margins for the upcoming years, particularly 2025 and 2026 [2][3][4]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Profit Expectations**: The expected profit center for aluminum in 2025 is slightly lower than in 2024, with a global surplus increasing from 130,000 tons to 620,000 tons due to tariff issues. Costs are projected to remain between 16,000 to 17,000 RMB per ton [2][3][4]. 2. **Domestic Market Dynamics**: The domestic aluminum market's profit margins are influenced by imported aluminum ingots, scrap aluminum profits, and actual demand gaps. Long-term profitability for smelters is expected, but various factors will affect profit levels [2][4][9]. 3. **Manufacturing Sensitivity**: Manufacturing enterprises have become less sensitive to monetary policy changes, focusing more on new orders and actual demand expansion rather than interest rates [2][11]. 4. **Export Impact**: Exports significantly affect the aluminum market, with the Ningbo Port freight index leading aluminum profits by about two months. Tariff impacts have already affected export sectors, including appliances [2][12]. 5. **Macroeconomic Outlook**: A slowdown in lead consumption growth is anticipated, with expectations for certain sectors' revenue growth adjusted down to around 4%. Uncertainties in overseas manufacturing investments are also noted [2][14]. 6. **Automotive Sector Influence**: The automotive industry is expected to drive aluminum consumption growth by approximately 6%, with a seasonal expansion observed [2][15]. 7. **Electric Grid Construction**: Expected growth in electric grid construction is around 6%, contributing to overall aluminum demand [2][16]. 8. **Global Supply-Demand Balance**: The global aluminum supply-demand balance is expected to remain tight, with a projected surplus of 620,000 tons in 2025, compared to 370,000 tons the previous year [2][19]. 9. **Cost and Profit Margins**: Current aluminum costs are around 16,000 to 17,000 RMB, with profits in the electrolytic aluminum segment exceeding 3,000 RMB. However, margins from imported aluminum and scrap are weakening [2][5][25]. 10. **Long-term Supply Constraints**: Long-term supply constraints are expected in the aluminum market, with potential profit increases anticipated by 2026-2027 despite short-term pressures from tariffs [3][41]. Additional Important Insights - **Scrap Aluminum Supply**: The supply of scrap aluminum is under pressure, affecting profit margins for recycling operations [2][25]. - **Trade Environment**: The trade environment is causing some manufacturers to shift orders to Southeast Asia, but local production requirements limit this strategy [2][27]. - **Demand Data Analysis**: Demand data is derived from various sectors, including electric vehicles, traditional vehicles, and renewable energy components, ensuring comprehensive market analysis [2][35]. - **Future Price Dynamics**: The future price of aluminum will depend on the balance between new production capacity and reductions in output, with current market conditions suggesting a cautious outlook [2][34][41]. This summary encapsulates the key discussions and insights from the conference call regarding the aluminum market, highlighting both current conditions and future expectations.

证券研究报告·宏观报告·宏观周报 海外周报 20250511 美国 4 月 CPI 前瞻：开始验收关税冲击幅度 2025 年 05 月 11 日 ◼ 海外政治：美英贸易磋商取得阶段性成果，中美高层接触释放缓和信号。 英国和美国于本周四（5 月 8 日）宣布一项降低部分商品关税的协议。 虽然特朗普此前宣布的对世界各国进口产品征收 10%的关税仍然有效， 并且仍然适用于进入美国的大多数英国商品，但该协议降低或取消了英 国部分出口产品的关税，包括汽车、钢铁和铝。特朗普在社交媒体平台 将此协议定性为"公平、开放、互惠"的贸易安排，并借机宣示其贸易 谈判策略的成效。白宫国家经济委员会主任凯文·哈塞特亦同步透露， 另有二十余项贸易协议正处于谈判收尾阶段。需注意的是，美英贸易谈 判的特殊性限制了其外推价值：其一，美国对英贸易长期保持顺差，特 朗普政府核心关切的贸易失衡问题在此次谈判中并非核心议题；其二， 协议内容仅针对特定商品条款展开，而非如英印自贸协定般构建全面经 贸框架。因此，美英谈判进展或难以直接映射美国与其他经济体的谈判 逻辑。在中美关系方面，双方高层于 5 月 11 日在瑞士日内瓦举行近 8 小时的实质性磋商，系 ...

等到今年第四季度，大戏才会进入高潮。 一个多月前特朗普宣布对全球贸易伙伴征收大幅关税，放话要平衡美国巨额贸易赤字。一瞬间全球贸易秩序、国际间商品物流和价格体系、世界贸易和投资 的资金循环都被打破。股市出现大幅波动，美元汇率下跌，长期美债下跌。股债汇三杀的局面逆转了过去几十年来，每当风险资产遭到抛售，资金会进入美 元和美元债券进行避险的操作逻辑。许多美国企业在发布一季度财报时拒绝给出业绩指引，因为他们无法预判剧烈动荡中的经营情况。全球投资者认识到美 国经济的例外主义结束了，这条航船正在驶入未知的水域，远处天空布满了不祥的乌云。 美联储5月议息会议决定维持政策利率在4.25%~4.50%不变。这并不出人意料，因为通过央行管理双重目标的狭窄镜框所看到的经济硬数据依然稳定。但是 议息决议中出现了这么一句话："如果大幅关税被继续实施，它可能造成通胀上升、经济增长放缓、失业率提高。" 美联储主席鲍威尔本可以直接说关税将 引发滞胀，但他怕会吓坏大家。这是美联储能对政府喊出的最大声的脏话，对经济发出的黑色风暴预警。 财经记者提问，"3月份预测今年有两次降息，没了吗？" "你今天不着急，下次该降息了吧？" "经济可能衰退，不能 ...

Core Viewpoints - The impact of tariffs on PPI is significant, while improved consumer demand provides substantial support for core CPI [4][5][47] - International oil prices have declined, and weak demand for steel and coal has led to a drop in commodity prices, negatively affecting PPI [4][10] - The "old-for-new" policy has stimulated demand for certain goods, leading to a slight increase in core CPI despite the overall decline [5][48] Inflation Data Summary - On May 10, the National Bureau of Statistics released April inflation data: CPI year-on-year at -0.1%, previous value -0.1%, expected -0.2%; PPI year-on-year at -2.7%, previous value -2.5%, expected -2.8% [3][46] - April PPI decreased by 0.4% month-on-month, with a year-on-year decline of 2.7%, slightly better than market expectations [10][30] PPI Analysis - The decline in PPI is attributed to falling international oil prices, which have led to a decrease in domestic oil prices, negatively impacting sectors like oil extraction and processing [4][10] - The real estate sector's downturn and seasonal factors have contributed to reduced demand for steel and coal, further dragging down PPI [4][10] - The low capacity utilization in downstream industries, exacerbated by increased tariffs, has also constrained PPI recovery [13][47] CPI Analysis - Core CPI showed a limited decline, primarily due to the "old-for-new" policy, which has stimulated demand and led to price increases in certain consumer goods [5][48] - Food CPI improved by 1.2 percentage points year-on-year to -0.2%, driven by seasonal supply constraints and reduced imports [20][34] - Gold price increases have supported other goods and services prices, contributing positively to overall CPI [22][48] Service Sector Insights - The core service CPI increased by 0.44% month-on-month, slightly better than seasonal trends, driven by a rebound in travel demand [6][25][49] - Significant price increases were observed in travel-related services, such as airfare and vehicle rentals, reflecting improved consumer activity [25][49] Future Outlook - The impact of tariffs on PPI is expected to be greater than on CPI, with potential downward pressure on both indices in the second quarter [7][27] - However, policies aimed at boosting consumption and domestic demand may provide support for inflation recovery [7][27]

Core Viewpoints - The impact of tariffs on PPI is significant, while improved consumer demand provides substantial support for core CPI [2][3][45] - International oil prices have declined, and weak demand for steel and coal has led to a drop in commodity prices, negatively affecting PPI [2][45] - The "old-for-new" policy has stimulated demand for core goods, resulting in a limited impact of tariffs on core CPI [3][46] Inflation Data Summary - In April, CPI decreased by 0.1% year-on-year, remaining flat compared to the previous month, while PPI fell by 2.7% year-on-year [1][8][44] - The decline in PPI is attributed to falling international oil prices and weak demand in the real estate sector, with PPI dropping 0.4% month-on-month [2][8][45] - Core CPI showed a minor decline of 0.1 percentage points to 0.1%, indicating resilience in consumer demand despite tariff impacts [3][46] Food and Service CPI Analysis - Food CPI improved significantly, rising 1.2 percentage points to -0.2% year-on-year, driven by reduced supply of fresh vegetables and fruits [3][18][32] - Core service CPI increased by 0.3% month-on-month, supported by a rebound in travel demand, with notable price increases in airfares and transportation rentals [4][23][47] - The overall service CPI remained stable compared to the previous month, reflecting seasonal trends [4][48] Future Outlook - The impact of tariffs on PPI is expected to be greater than on CPI, with potential downward pressure on both indices in the second quarter [4][25][47] - The central government's emphasis on stabilizing employment and expanding domestic demand may provide support for inflation recovery [4][25][48] - PPI is projected to decline by 2.9% year-on-year in the second quarter, while CPI may also face downward risks [4][25][47]

Group 1: CPI Inflation - The CPI inflation for April is -0.1% year-on-year, which is in line with the previous value and higher than market expectations of -0.3% [1] - Core CPI inflation remains stable, with a month-on-month increase of 0.2%, while year-on-year it holds steady at 0.5% [8] - Food prices have turned from decline to increase, with a month-on-month rise of 0.2% and a year-on-year decline narrowing by 1.2 percentage points to 0.2% [5][6] Group 2: PPI Inflation - The PPI inflation for April is -2.7% year-on-year, down 0.2 percentage points from the previous month, and -0.4% month-on-month, which is weaker than the historical average since 2017 [12] - The decline in PPI inflation is primarily due to tariff impacts, with energy prices being suppressed and some industries facing export obstacles [15] - New momentum industries show resilience, with prices in sectors like computer and electronic equipment manufacturing improving [15] Group 3: Forward Outlook - Looking ahead, the implementation of a package of financial policies on May 7 is expected to support consumption and stabilize the real estate market, potentially leading to a stabilization and gradual recovery of core CPI inflation [11] - The PPI inflation is projected to face downward pressure due to ongoing tariff uncertainties, but the recent financial policies may alleviate some of this pressure [20] - The expected CPI inflation midpoint for Q2 is around 0.2%, while the annual midpoint is projected at 0.4%; for PPI, the Q2 midpoint may drop to around -2.5%, with an annual midpoint of -2.4% [21]

相较百事可乐，可口可乐在面对关税冲击时，稍显"幸运"。与百事的"全球布局"不同，可口可乐多年来 坚持在美国本土及其属地（如波多黎各）设立核心生产和灌装基地。因此，供应美国市场的可口可乐并 没有因为生产线布局问题受到关税影响。 美国一些人制造的"关税风暴"，已经波及美国人手中的可乐瓶。百事可乐受伤尤甚。 20世纪70年代，百事把核心的饮料浓缩液生产线转移到了爱尔兰，其初衷很简单：爱尔兰税收低、政策 宽松，是跨国公司的"避税天堂"。这一决策在长达几十年的时间里，为百事可乐带来了显著的成本优 势：生产成本更低、利润空间更高、全球调配更灵活。"爱尔兰制造"成为百事公司全球扩张战略的重要 基石，也有力支撑起了美国市场的巨大供应份额。 但如今，这一避风港正遭遇"风暴"正面袭击。随着美国政府将一系列海外制造商品纳入征税范围，来自 爱尔兰的百事可乐可能将背上10%的额外关税负担。 市场对关税变化的反应或许会有滞后，但百事在最新的财报中已经对未来的困难进行了预警。在财报 中，百事公司对2025年全年的盈利预期作出重大调整：从"温和增长"降为"持平或微降"。这意味着，在 最佳情况下，百事今年的利润也只是原地踏步；在更坏的情形下， ...