美联储卡什卡利：国会对美联储独立性广泛赞赏。 来源：滚动播报 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point rate cut, bringing the benchmark interest rate to between 4% and 4.25%, with plans for two more cuts this year, raising questions about whether this decision was influenced by political pressure or economic needs [1][3][12]. Economic Context - The primary reason for the rate cut is the slowdown in the U.S. job market, with employment growth significantly decreasing and a slight uptick in the unemployment rate, indicating rising employment risks [3][12]. - Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell emphasized that the current job market slowdown is a major concern for policymakers, and the rate cut aims to provide a buffer for the economy [3][12]. Political Dynamics - President Trump has been vocal in criticizing the Federal Reserve and has called for more aggressive rate cuts, leading to speculation about the influence of political pressure on the Fed's decision-making [1][5][6]. - The voting outcome for the rate cut showed internal divisions within the Federal Reserve, with 10 out of 11 members supporting the cut, while one member, Stephen Moore, appointed by Trump, voted against it, advocating for a larger cut [8][10][12]. Market Reactions - Following the announcement, U.S. stock indices initially surged, particularly in technology stocks, but later stabilized as investors recognized the underlying economic challenges that the rate cut does not fully address [16][18]. - The dollar index and U.S. Treasury yields exhibited mixed reactions, indicating cautious market sentiment regarding the effectiveness of the rate cut in stabilizing the economy [16][18]. Future Outlook - There is uncertainty regarding the Federal Reserve's future actions, as internal divisions and external pressures from the Trump administration may influence upcoming decisions on interest rates [12][18]. - The balance between stabilizing the economy and maintaining independence from political influence presents a significant challenge for the Federal Reserve moving forward [18][20].

Core Viewpoint - The article suggests that Powell's decision to cut interest rates, despite the absence of clear recession signals, represents a high-risk policy gamble aimed at demonstrating the Federal Reserve's independence and fulfilling its dual mandate [3][4]. Economic Context - Powell faces unprecedented political opposition and economic uncertainty as his term nears its end, making current policy decisions more complex and risky than ever [3][4]. - The significant slowdown in the job market is a key factor prompting the Fed's rate cut, with recent data showing a drastic reduction in average job growth from 150,000 to 29,000 [4][5]. Structural vs. Cyclical Concerns - There are concerns that the Fed may misinterpret structural changes in the economy as temporary cyclical slowdowns, influenced by policies from the Trump administration that could permanently alter production capabilities [5]. - Experts warn against the risks of excessive rate cuts, as persistent inflation concerns among consumers and businesses may lead to sustained higher inflation [5]. Political Pressures and Internal Consensus - Maintaining internal consensus within the Fed amidst political pressures is a significant challenge for Powell, who has managed to secure support for the rate cut despite differing views on the economic outlook [7]. - The division among Fed officials regarding future rate cuts indicates ongoing debates and potential challenges for Powell's leadership [7]. Market Reactions and Future Implications - The thriving stock market raises questions about consumer spending stability, as businesses invest heavily in AI infrastructure, but income growth may eventually lead to reduced spending [8]. - Powell's policy experiment could determine the future independence and effectiveness of the Fed, impacting not only the U.S. economy but also global monetary policy [8]. Historical Outcomes - The article outlines three potential historical outcomes of Powell's policy gamble: a successful "soft landing" akin to the mid-1990s, the risk of igniting inflation similar to the late 1960s, or the failure of rate cuts to prevent recession as seen in 1990, 2001, and 2007 [10].

Core Points - The article discusses the contrasting treatment of Treasury Secretary Becerra and Federal Reserve Governor Cook regarding mortgage fraud allegations, highlighting a double standard in political accountability [1][5][20] - It emphasizes the political implications of the "primary residence" designation in U.S. tax law and how it can be manipulated for financial benefits [3][6][14] - The article suggests that the independence of the Federal Reserve is being undermined by political interference, particularly from the Trump administration [17][20] Summary by Sections Political Accountability - Becerra's dual designation of two properties as "primary residences" was downplayed by experts, while Cook faced severe scrutiny for similar actions [1][3][5] - The article questions the motivations behind the Trump administration's focus on Cook, suggesting it is politically motivated rather than a genuine concern for legal integrity [5][8][20] Mortgage Fraud Allegations - The concept of "primary residence" is crucial for tax benefits, and Becerra's actions in 2007 are framed as a manipulation of this system [3][6] - Cook's designation of her Atlanta home as a "vacation home" while claiming tax benefits in Michigan led to accusations of fraud, despite local tax authorities finding no violations [5][11] Federal Reserve Independence - The article argues that the Federal Reserve's independence is increasingly compromised by political pressures, particularly from the Trump administration, which seeks to control the institution for political gain [17][20] - The rapid appointment and voting behavior of newly appointed officials like Milan raise concerns about the politicization of the Federal Reserve [10][17] Broader Implications - The manipulation of mortgage policies for political purposes is framed as a historical pattern that could lead to systemic financial issues, similar to the 2008 financial crisis [15][20] - The article concludes that the erosion of legal standards and accountability in political actions ultimately harms the general public [20]

最近美国政坛和金融圈的瓜可不少。 前有马斯克在舆论场搅动风云，后有特朗普把矛头对准美联储理事丽莎・库克。 这事儿还没捋清楚，美财长斯科特・贝森特又被曝出类似争议，直接给这场风波 "火上浇油"，整个局势乱得让人眼花缭乱。 特朗普对库克的 "发难"，得从今年 8 月说起。 8 月 20 日，由特朗普任命的联邦住房金融署署长比尔・普尔特，突然在社交媒体上指控库克。 为了拿到更优惠的贷款利率，把两处房产同时申报成 "主要住宅"，这可是涉嫌抵押贷款欺诈的严重问题。 消息一出特朗普马上跟进，8 月 25 日就以 "涉嫌住房抵押贷款欺诈" 为由，宣布要解除库克的美联储理事职务。 他在给库克的信函里明确说，有充分证据能证明库克在抵押贷款协议上做了虚假陈述，还强调美联储责任重大，绝不能让有 "欺诈和潜在犯罪行为" 的人留 在这么重要的金融监管岗位上。 但库克这边也毫不退让，她坚决否认所有指控，8 月 28 日就提起诉讼，说自己不会因为这种没根据的指控和霸凌辞职，双方直接把矛盾摆到了台面上，一 场法律大战就此拉开。 这场纠纷的关键，还得看法律层面的规定。 根据 1913 年国会设立美联储时的法律，美联储理事只能由总统 "因故" ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has announced a 25 basis point interest rate cut, restarting a rate-cutting cycle that had been paused for nine months, with expectations of two more cuts by the end of the year, although uncertainties remain due to the impact of Trump's tariff policies on inflation [1][2][4] Group 1: Federal Reserve's Rate Decisions - The median of the latest dot plot indicates two more rate cuts of 25 basis points each by the end of the year, an increase from the June dot plot [1] - The Federal Reserve has become more dovish due to deteriorating employment data and the delayed transmission of tariff-induced inflation to consumers, suggesting that inflationary pressures may be temporarily manageable [1][4] - There is significant internal disagreement within the Federal Reserve regarding the pace of future rate cuts, indicating that the policy path remains uncertain and may change based on inflation and employment trends [4] Group 2: Impact of Tariff Policies - The transmission of Trump's tariffs to inflation has not yet fully materialized, primarily due to companies stockpiling imports earlier this year, which has buffered inflation's impact on consumer prices [7] - As inventory is depleted, the inflationary effects of tariffs are expected to rise, suggesting potential upward pressure on inflation in the future [7] Group 3: Independence of the Federal Reserve - Despite political pressure from Trump, the independence of the Federal Reserve is expected to remain intact due to legal protections and the checks and balances inherent in the U.S. political system [6] - The decision-making process of the Federal Reserve is highly professionalized and relies on data, making it difficult for political preferences to dominate outcomes [6] Group 4: Economic Predictions and Monetary Policy - The Federal Reserve has raised its inflation expectations and postponed the timeline for achieving inflation targets to 2028, indicating a belief that inflation may remain stubborn in the medium to long term [7] - If core PCE data significantly exceeds expectations in the coming months, the Federal Reserve may need to shift its focus back to inflation, potentially halting rate cuts [7] - The resumption of the rate-cutting cycle by the Federal Reserve opens up more space for domestic monetary policy adjustments, although the impact is expected to be limited [8]

新华财经华盛顿9月18日电据美国媒体报道，美国司法部18日将特朗普政府解雇美国联邦储备委员会理 事莉萨·库克案提交最高法院，并敦促其批准。 库克是首位出任美联储理事的非洲裔女性，由美国前任总统拜登提名上任。 （文章来源：新华社） 美国司法部在提交给最高法院的申请书中说，下级法院的裁决"是对最高法院许多先例的蔑视"。 有分析人士认为，该申请可能在最高法院引发一场有关美联储独立性的激烈争论。 特朗普8月25日以涉嫌住房抵押贷款欺诈为由解除库克职务。库克否认有任何不当行为，指认特朗普政 府让她走人是因为不满她的货币政策立场，并于8月28日提起诉讼。美国华盛顿特区联邦地区法院本月9 日作出裁决，暂时阻止库克遭解职。 特朗普政府本月11日向一家联邦上诉法院提出紧急申请，要求该法院在美联储货币政策会议前推翻下级 法院裁决，从而使特朗普能够解雇库克。这家联邦上诉法院15日裁定，库克可继续留任，驳回紧急申 请。 库克16日和17日参加美联储联邦公开市场委员会会议，并投票支持降息25个基点。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve has restarted its interest rate cut cycle by lowering the policy rate by 25 basis points to a range of 4.0-4.25% after nearly three quarters of pausing rate cuts, indicating a shift towards risk management in monetary policy [2] Group 1: Federal Reserve's Actions and Economic Outlook - The Federal Reserve's decision to cut rates is based on a significant decline in labor supply and demand, a slight increase in unemployment, and reduced persistent inflation risks, suggesting a proactive approach to economic management [2] - The Fed's economic forecast indicates that GDP growth is expected to be 0.2% higher than previously anticipated, while the unemployment rate is expected to remain unchanged, reflecting an outlook for a soft landing of the U.S. economy [2] - The dot plot released by the Fed suggests a higher likelihood of consecutive rate cuts in the remaining meetings of the year, with an increase in the number of rate cuts expected over the next two years [2] Group 2: Independence of the Federal Reserve - The participation of newly appointed Fed Governor Miran, who voted against the rate cut and favored a 50 basis point reduction, highlights potential divisions within the Fed regarding interest rate policy [3] - Miran's aggressive stance reflects a preference for rapidly lowering the policy rate to alleviate fiscal pressure, indicating that political influences may still affect the Fed's decision-making process [3] - The differing votes among Fed members suggest that the independence of the Federal Reserve may be challenged, leading to potential market volatility and uncertainty regarding the extent of future rate cuts [3]

Group 1: US-China Trade Talks - The US-China trade talks in Spain concluded with some achievements, particularly reaching a consensus on the TikTok issue [1][5][10] - The agreement includes the delegation of TikTok's US user data and content security operations, as well as the authorization of intellectual property rights related to algorithms [7][8] - Despite the progress on TikTok, fundamental trade issues remain unresolved, indicating that further negotiations will be necessary [3][10] Group 2: Trump's Economic Policies - Trump has faced significant domestic economic challenges due to his tariff policies, which have adversely affected US farmers and manufacturers [14][16] - The Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point cut in the federal funds rate, marking the first rate cut since December, which Trump had pressured for to alleviate domestic economic issues [18][22] - Trump's expectations for a more substantial rate cut were not met, highlighting the limitations of his influence over the Federal Reserve [24][28] Group 3: United Nations Reforms - UN Secretary-General Guterres announced a plan to reduce the UN's regular budget by over 15%, leading to potential layoffs and funding shortages for various projects [32][34] - The budget cuts are largely due to the US's decision to stop paying its dues, which has historically been a significant source of funding for the UN [36][39] - Guterres also proposed structural reforms to the Security Council to limit the veto power of the permanent members, particularly targeting the US's frequent use of vetoes [40][41]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates by 25 basis points to a range of 4.00%-4.25% reflects a cautious approach amid economic slowdown and inflation concerns, indicating a need for careful management rather than aggressive recovery measures [1][3]. Group 1: Economic Context - The rate cut is likened to a small health boost in a game, suggesting that while it provides some relief, it is not sufficient for a full recovery [3]. - Economic growth is slowing, the job market is weakening, and inflation remains a concern, leading the Federal Reserve to adopt a patchwork approach to stabilize the market [3]. Group 2: Labor Market Dynamics - The Federal Reserve acknowledges a decline in both labor supply and demand, attributing this to external factors such as tariffs and immigration policies, indicating a cooling labor market [3][5]. - The commentary suggests that the labor market's current state resembles a game where both players and monsters are diminishing, highlighting the challenges faced [3]. Group 3: Political Influences - The Federal Reserve's independence is under scrutiny due to political pressures, particularly from former President Trump, who has criticized the Fed's cautious stance and called for more aggressive actions [5]. - The internal dynamics within the Federal Reserve are compared to a political drama, with new appointments and differing opinions on rate cuts, reflecting the complexities of maintaining independence amid external pressures [5]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The Federal Reserve's strategy is characterized by keywords such as caution, prudence, and flexibility, indicating a careful balancing act between employment and inflation while navigating political interference [7]. - The contrasting styles of Fed Chair Powell and Trump illustrate the ongoing tension between cautious economic management and calls for rapid action, leaving the outcome uncertain [7].