此外默茨表示，美国科技公司在欧盟享有有利的税收环境，但这种情况不一定会持续下去，欧盟不希望与美国陷入关税战升级的情况，欧美双方需共同解决 经贸冲突。 德国总理默茨。图片来源：视觉中国 每经编辑｜毕陆名 据央视新闻27日报道，当地时间26日，德国总理默茨表示，德国和其他欧盟国家不希望关税争端升级。从德国的角度看，加征关税会损害德国的利益，如果 欧美谈判无法达成一致，德国没有选择，德国将会对美国关税政策进行反击。 现在的欧美谈判正在努力避免局势升级，德国也希望避免关税战这种情况的出现。默茨还称，德国需要为欧盟与美国谈判的失败以及其他任何情况做好准 备。 据新华社26日报道，美国总统特朗普25日说，在与欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩通电话后，他同意将对欧盟征收50%关税的起征时间从6月1日延至7月9日。 特朗普当天在新泽西州莫里斯顿登上总统专机前告诉媒体记者，冯德莱恩和他通了电话，希望推迟对欧盟征收50%关税的起征时间，以"认真推进"与美方的 谈判。据美国有线电视新闻网等媒体报道，特朗普对记者说，冯德莱恩在通话中告诉他："我们将迅速聚在一起，看看是否能解决问题。"他在与冯德莱恩进 行"非常愉快的通话"后作出延期决定。 冯德 ...

Group 1: Trade and Tariffs - The U.S. has announced the initiation of the withdrawal of the "AI diffusion rules" from the Biden administration, strengthening export controls on overseas AI chips, claiming that using Huawei's Ascend AI chips globally may violate U.S. regulations [3] - The U.S. Trade Representative's office plans to impose a 100% tariff on Chinese cranes and 20%-100% tariffs on container and chassis equipment, citing the need to bring shipbuilding back to the U.S. [3] - The U.S. Commerce Department has preliminarily determined that Chinese battery component materials receive "high subsidies," proposing countervailing duties that distort normal market competition into a "government subsidy war" [3] Group 2: Technology and Export Controls - The U.S. has included Huawei's Ascend chips in the category of "violating U.S. export controls," warning global companies against using U.S. AI chips to train Chinese AI models [4] - Reports indicate that the Trump administration is preparing to add multiple Chinese tech companies to the control list, expanding the "entity list" beyond Huawei and ZTE to include chip manufacturers [4] - The U.S. aims to cut off the development of China's tech industry through targeted measures, transforming technology exchange into a "tech cold war" [4] Group 3: U.S. Strategic Misjudgments - The U.S. is driven by political opportunism, with some politicians leveraging anti-China sentiment for political gain, even at the cost of U.S.-China economic relations [5] - The U.S. exhibits "hegemonic anxiety" as China's GDP approaches that of the U.S., attempting to delay China's industrial upgrades through tariffs and technology blockades [5] - The U.S. maintains a zero-sum game mentality, ignoring the deep integration of global supply chains and attempting to preserve its top position in the global value chain through "decoupling" [5] Group 4: Consequences of Unilateral Actions - Historical evidence shows that unilateral sanctions ultimately backfire, as seen in the 2025 trade war where the U.S. imposed a 145% tariff on Chinese goods, leading to significant losses for companies like Tesla and Apple, and increased living costs for American households [6] - The intensified technology blockade has caused companies like NVIDIA and AMD to lose access to the largest AI chip market, prompting China to accelerate the development of its semiconductor industry [7] - The U.S. efforts to form a "semiconductor alliance 2.0" have faced challenges, as countries like South Korea seek exemptions for chip exports to China, and companies like ASML continue to supply China with lithography machines [7]

美国贸易代表办公室公布新规，自即日起，对中国进口的特定型号起重机加征30%额外关税。海关数据显示，美国每年从中国进口该类起重机价值超15亿美 元，此番加税幅度远超常规贸易调整水平。另一项举措同样引发震动，美国海岸警卫队宣布，对中国建造的船舶停靠美国港口时，收取比其他国家高出2倍 的港口设施使用费。此项政策涉及中国建造的商船、渔船等各类船舶，覆盖范围极广。 据路透社消息，美国近期对华连施两项强硬举措。这一举动瞬间让中美局势成为全球焦点，背后深意值得探究。 贸易（资料图） 众多国际经济组织指出，中美作为全球前两大经济体，对抗只会两败俱伤，合作才是解决问题的关键。全球供应链早已深度融合，任何割裂行为都将损害各 方利益。当前中美关系处于关键节点。美国的两项举措虽带来挑战，但也促使中国加快经济结构调整和对外开放步伐。中国拥有完整的工业体系、庞大的国 内市场和不断提升的科技创新能力，具备应对外部压力的坚实基础。 长远来看，中美在经贸、气候、安全等诸多领域存在合作需求。只有摒弃零和思维，坚持平等对话，才能实现互利共赢，推动全球经济稳定与发展。局势虽 有变化，但合作共赢的大趋势不会改变。 在产业发展方面，中国加大对制造业的政 ...

第四届中国—中东欧国家博览会暨国际消费品博览会25日闭幕。本届博览会上，近1500家中外企业汇聚 在浙江宁波这个海上丝绸之路的重要港口，借助这一中国持续推动高水平开放的重要平台，碰撞思想、 探寻机遇、深化合作。 斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚是本届博览会主宾国。近年来，受德国经济下行、欧洲汽车市场需求疲软等因素 影响，高度依赖欧盟产业链的斯洛文尼亚汽车、玻璃、家具、金属等行业遭遇不小冲击。持续扩大开放 的中国市场，让斯洛文尼亚看到了新的发展机遇。 曾数次来华的斯洛文尼亚首都卢布尔雅那副市长德扬·茨尔内克接受新华社记者专访时说，中国—中东 欧国家博览会就像"一扇开放的大门"，斯洛文尼亚期待拓展新的对外合作渠道，希望在汽车等产业与中 国开展合作。 除传统消费品外，一些中东欧企业还带来不少高技术产品。9家斯洛伐克低空经济企业来到宁波参展， 产品涵盖航空仪表、模拟机、飞行汽车等，并在宁波市政府组织的主题推介会上与中方企业和工业园区 现场对接、探寻合作机会。 参展商们表示，在当前单边主义、贸易保护主义上升背景下，中国向世界展示开放姿态并为世界经济注 入确定性。中国与中东欧国家加强经贸联系、深化合作大有可为。 中东欧消费品展厅里， ...

Group 1: Economic Environment and Challenges - The current international situation is evolving significantly, with increasing competition in technology and industry, leading to heightened external uncertainties [2] - Trade protectionism is on the rise, increasing export pressures on China, particularly in industries heavily reliant on exports to the U.S. such as machinery and electronics [3] - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has downgraded its global economic growth forecast for 2025 from 3.3% to 2.8% due to ongoing trade policy uncertainties [3] Group 2: Supply Chain and Manufacturing Risks - There are two major risks for China's manufacturing sector: decoupling and technology blockade, as developed countries attempt to reduce reliance on Chinese supply chains [4] - Developed countries are implementing strategies to attract low-end manufacturing away from China, while simultaneously restricting high-end manufacturing technology from leaving [4] Group 3: Financial Market Volatility - Global financial markets are experiencing increased volatility due to economic and political uncertainties, which may exacerbate capital flow fluctuations in China [5] - Financial sanctions and restrictions on capital markets are making it more difficult for Chinese companies to secure financing [5] Group 4: Fiscal Policy Response - A more proactive fiscal policy is deemed essential for enhancing the certainty of high-quality economic development in response to external shocks [6] - The Chinese government has a relatively low debt-to-GDP ratio of 67.5%, providing significant room for fiscal policy expansion compared to G20 and G7 countries [8] Group 5: Implementation of Fiscal Policies - The focus of fiscal policy should be on enhancing social welfare, promoting consumption, and increasing investment efficiency to stimulate domestic demand [9] - Coordination between fiscal and monetary policies is crucial for effective macroeconomic management, ensuring that government investments lead to increased social investments [11]

中美两国5月12日刚在瑞士日内瓦达成协议，决定双方于5月14日起互相降低加征的高额关税以后，全球金融和贸易市场如释重负，接连传来回暖 信号。然而，仅仅一周后，也就是5月19日的美国贸易代表办公室的一场听证会，却给这场脆弱的和解蒙上阴影——特朗普政府正在考虑对中国岸 桥起重机加征100%关税，甚至对已签约订单追溯征收，这将导致美国港口成本激增3亿美元。 在这场听证会上，美国政府小组不顾行业代表的激烈反对，执意推动对中国起重机加征100%关税的提案。该提案主要聚焦两项内容：一是拟对岸 桥起重机征收100%关税；二是拟对集装箱、底盘及底盘零部件等货物装卸设备征收20%至100%的关税。毫无疑问，这两项内容都是直接瞄准了中 国，是特朗普政府在全球范围内打击中国出口贸易的一部分，与此前对中国船只征收停靠费和服务费的政策互相配合。然而，这一提案完全忽视 了全球港务运营的现实，缺乏强有力的后续替代方案作为支撑。 美国从奥巴马时期就已经完全依赖中国港口起重设备 这种"政治站队"更像是一场表演——既无法短期内填补产能缺口，也难以撼动中国在全球港口设备领域70%的市场份额。面对美方反复无常的关税 攻势，中方始终以"两手策略"应对 ...

未来一段时间，单边主义、贸易保护主义抬头，仍可能对全球经贸合作构成挑战，全球供应链也将加速 重构。中国与拉美及加勒比地区（以下简称"拉加地区"）经贸合作既面临外部因素的严峻挑战，又存在 突破升级的发展机遇。构建更具韧性的中拉经贸合作关系，有利于避免受到原有全球经济秩序中不合理 内容的束缚，为互利合作创造条件和空间。中拉应以更为坚定的信心推动市场资源优化配置，将双方发 展意愿和共识转化为有效行动，推动经贸合作取得新突破。 强化机制保障，增强长期合作信心。在积极维护多边经贸机制的同时，促进中国自贸区建设与拉加地区 一体化制度性安排的协同和有效对接。强化中拉论坛作用，为应对包括贸易保护主义带来的贸易成本改 变等挑战提供协同平台。完善中国与拉加地区国家间的自由贸易协定机制，加快评估和推动商签较早的 自贸协定升级。顺应国际贸易形势的新发展需求，在合理评估、综合考虑成本收益基础上，适当提升贸 易自由化水平，增加对服务贸易、双向投资等经贸活动的机制保障。推动签署双边、区域等多种形式的 中拉间经贸协定，在推动拉加地区实现经济一体化目标的同时，为更高效的中拉经贸合作创造条件。 推动技术应用，创新经贸合作形式。把握人工智能等技术 ...

特朗普要对欧洲征收50%关税，欧洲敢"奉陪到底"吗？ 中美关税战的硝烟还散没几天，特朗普对欧洲关税大棒又来了。 最近，"搞事排行榜"前列又添了一笔浓墨，那就是总统特朗普的最新"恐吓"。 特朗普在当地时间5月23日，又一次语惊四座，隔空喊话。 他扬言要对欧盟的商品，一股脑加征高达50%的关税。连自家科技巨头苹果公司，也没能幸免，25%的关税"预订席位"赫然在列。 用几句"不过脑"的话就能让市场翻江倒海，很多人不知道，特朗普这位"推特总统"，本人比他的政策还"任性"。 在很多人的固有认知里，老牌欧洲政客个个都是滴水不漏的老狐狸。如此懂"极限施压"的特朗普，难道就不怕对面真的掀桌子？ 出乎一些人意料的是，这位70多岁的"地产大亨"，似乎压根没把欧盟的"反制"放在眼里，一贯的"美国优先"调调，熟悉得让人有点恍惚。 谁也想不到，这么敢开价的，为何还是这位曾经让世界不太平的大爷？ 答案还要从特朗普的行事风格说起。 狮子大开口，全球市场一夜心惊肉跳 几天前，特朗普估计自己也没想到一句话能有这么大"威力"。 毕竟，曾经的他也是在总统宝座上发号施令，四年折腾下来，让不少盟友都心有余悸。 1946年出生于纽约皇后区的特朗普，家底 ...

Core Viewpoint - The global economy is under significant pressure due to the United States' large-scale trade protectionism policies, which exacerbate global economic vulnerabilities and limit the development and technological access of various countries [1][3]. Group 1: Impact of U.S. Trade Policies - The U.S. has been using tariffs as a tool to exert pressure on other countries, leading to great uncertainty in the global economy [3]. - The "beggar-thy-neighbor" policy initiated by the U.S. is disrupting normal international trade order [3]. - The consequences of the trade war are evident, with significant fluctuations in financial markets, sharp declines in stock indices, and a notable drop in the U.S. dollar index, indicating deeper systemic changes [3]. Group 2: Technological Cooperation and Innovation - China is actively promoting global technological progress and deepening cooperation with developing countries, which is praised by the president of the New Development Bank [5]. - There is a call to strengthen international cooperation and oppose the establishment of technological barriers that hinder developing countries from accessing new technologies [5][6]. - The initiatives such as the BRICS cooperation mechanism and the Belt and Road Initiative play a crucial role in expanding access to capital, technology, and infrastructure for many developing countries [5][6].

Group 1: Core Insights - The rise of trade protectionism is leading to significant changes in cross-border e-commerce, with small parcel tax exemptions facing unprecedented challenges [1][2] - Major economies are coordinating to tighten tax incentives for cross-border e-commerce, reflecting a global trend towards stricter regulations [2][3] Group 2: Tax Policy Adjustments - The EU has announced a uniform fee of 2 euros for small parcels entering the EU, marking a fundamental shift from the previous exemption policy for parcels under 150 euros [1] - The U.S. will officially eliminate the tax exemption for parcels valued under 800 dollars by May 2025, which has been a crucial driver for cross-border e-commerce [1] - Japan is considering a 10% consumption tax on low-cost imports valued at 10,000 yen or less, with implementation planned for 2026 or later [2] Group 3: Underlying Reasons for Policy Changes - Data shows a dramatic increase in low-cost imports, with Japan reporting 169.66 million items valued at 425.8 billion yen, five times the volume from five years ago [3] - The EU is facing challenges with 4.6 billion parcels under 150 euros expected in 2024, 90% of which are from China, leading to increased customs pressure [3] - In the UK, over 95% of 100 million overseas small parcels were not subject to safety inspections, raising concerns about tax evasion and safety risks [3] Group 4: Domestic Pressures Driving Policy Changes - Major UK retailers are criticizing tax exemptions for fostering unfair competition from overseas platforms [6] - Governments are grappling with tax revenue losses and regulatory challenges due to the influx of small parcels, which also raises security concerns [6] - There is resistance from consumers and small businesses regarding the potential increase in operational costs and consumer prices due to the removal of tax exemptions [6] Group 5: Impact on Cross-Border E-Commerce - The policy changes will fundamentally alter the cost structure for cross-border e-commerce sellers, particularly those relying on low-margin sales [7] - In the EU, the new 2-euro fee per parcel could eliminate profits for sellers dependent on thin margins, especially with the potential removal of the 150-euro tax exemption [7] - The introduction of a 10% consumption tax in Japan, along with new compliance obligations, will significantly increase operational costs for small sellers [7] - The U.S. policy change will require many previously exempt items to pay tariffs, impacting pricing strategies for sellers [7][9]