据了解，中国PVC产业的电石法工艺是成本优势的核心支撑。据苗扬介绍，全球PVC生产以乙烯法为 主，而中国凭借煤炭资源优势，电石法工艺占比超80%，这使得国内PVC生产成本较全球乙烯法工艺生 产成本低500～800元/吨。"在低成本驱动下，中国PVC产品大量涌入印度市场，对印度本土生产企业造 成较大的市场冲击。"苗扬表示，在贸易保护主义导向下，印度通过反倾销设置壁垒，本质是为本土制 造业争取成长空间和市场份额。 8月14日，印度商工部发布公告，对原产于或进口自中国、印度尼西亚、日本、韩国、泰国、美国等国 家和地区的聚氯乙烯悬浮树脂作出反倾销肯定性终裁，建议继续对上述国家和地区的涉案产品征收为期 5年的反倾销税。这成为重塑全球PVC贸易格局的关键变量。与2024年10月的初裁相比，中国PVC企业 被加征的税额大幅提高，而其他国家及地区的企业税额普遍下降，形成显著的"税额差"。这一超预期结 果不仅直接冲击中国PVC对印度出口，更在全球贸易保护主义抬头、全球PVC供需失衡的背景下，倒逼 中国PVC产业加速寻找破局路径。 采访中，期货日报记者了解到，印度PVC反倾销调查终裁结果的核心目的是通过"差异化税率"主动调整 进 ...

Group 1 - The World Trade Organization (WTO) has lowered its global goods trade growth forecast for 2026 from 2.5% to 1.8%, indicating increasing damage from U.S. tariff measures on the global trade system [1] - The U.S. has imposed differentiated tariffs ranging from 10% to 50% on 69 trading partners, raising the trade-weighted average tariff rate to 20.11% as of August 7 [1] - The imposition of tariffs violates WTO principles, leading to systemic risks in global trade rules and increasing uncertainty and fragmentation [1] Group 2 - The unilateral approach of the U.S. in trade negotiations has led to market access agreements that favor U.S. industries while harming global trade governance [2] - Developing countries bear the heaviest burden from these tariff measures, with 32 landlocked developing countries facing marginalization in value chains due to high transportation costs and tariffs [2] - The current multilateral trade system is at a crossroads, with rising trade restrictions potentially leading to further trade contraction and exacerbating economic disparities [2] Group 3 - Urgent reforms are needed for the WTO's dispute resolution mechanism, including the selection of appellate judges and maintaining a two-tier structure for dispute resolution [3] - Emerging economies are encouraged to build diversified supply chain networks to mitigate risks and enhance resilience through regional resource integration [3] - Strengthening the core position of the multilateral trade system is essential, advocating for inclusive rule reforms and ensuring that global development benefits are shared equitably [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the severe challenges faced by American soybean farmers due to the trade policies implemented by former President Trump, particularly the increased tariffs on Chinese imports, which have led to a significant loss of market access for U.S. soybeans. Group 1: Impact of Tariffs - Trump's announcement in April 2025 to raise tariffs on Chinese imports from 34% to 84% resulted in a total tax rate of 104%, which prompted China to retaliate with a 10% tariff on U.S. soybeans, eliminating the price advantage of American soybeans [3] - As a consequence, Chinese buyers signed contracts for 12 million tons of soybeans from Brazil, accounting for half of the demand for the next two months, leaving American farmers without any sales [3] Group 2: Agricultural Subsidies - In response to the crisis, Trump proposed a $61 billion subsidy plan, but most of the funds went to large farms and urban investors, while small farmers received minimal support, insufficient to cover rising costs [5] - Following the announcement of subsidies, soybean prices fell by 1.5%, indicating market skepticism about the effectiveness of these measures [5] Group 3: Market Dynamics - Trump's pressure tactics, including demands for China to purchase four times the amount of soybeans, were ineffective as China continued to secure supplies from Brazil, even establishing currency settlements to avoid exchange rate risks [7] - The reliance on Chinese orders has historically been significant, with over 40% of U.S. soybean exports going to China, but by August 2025, orders from Chinese buyers had completely ceased [9] Group 4: Consequences for Farmers - The financial strain on American farmers is evident, with 88 farms filing for bankruptcy, a 76% increase from the previous year, as subsidies failed to cover loan interests [11] - The article highlights the disparity in subsidy distribution, with funds benefiting Wall Street investors rather than actual farmers, leading to disillusionment among the agricultural community [11] Group 5: Competitive Landscape - China's investments in Brazil have strengthened its supply chain, with a 48% increase in Brazilian soybean shipments to Chinese ports, while American shipments have virtually disappeared [13] - The cost advantage of Brazilian soybeans, which are $31 per ton cheaper than U.S. soybeans, combined with shorter transportation times and reduced currency risks, has made American soybeans less competitive [15]

Group 1 - Chinese buyers are shifting their soybean orders primarily to Brazil during the peak procurement season, leaving U.S. soybean exporters facing significant sales challenges [1][3] - The U.S. soybean industry is experiencing unprecedented pressure, with a more than 30% year-on-year increase in soybean inventory over the past two years, leading to storage shortages in some regions [3] - The income of U.S. farmers has sharply declined since the trade war began, with a 15% year-on-year increase in farm bankruptcies reported last year [3] Group 2 - The U.S. trade policy is criticized for its double standards, imposing high tariffs on Chinese products while simultaneously hoping for large purchases of U.S. soybeans from China [5] - The ongoing difficulties in the U.S. soybean industry are not seen as a short-term issue, and without policy adjustments, the U.S. risks losing the critical Chinese market permanently [5] - The influence of U.S. economic hegemony is gradually diminishing, as more countries seek diversified trade partnerships, challenging the traditional U.S.-led trade order [7]

Group 1: Impact of US Tariffs on India - Fitch Ratings warns that the ongoing increase in US tariffs may lower India's GDP growth forecast for FY2026 from 6.5% [1] - The US has imposed a 25% tariff on Indian goods starting August 7, with an additional 25% tariff on products imported from India due to its ties with Russia [1] - Major Indian exports such as textiles, jewelry, auto parts, and seafood will face a total of 50% tariffs, while certain electronics and pharmaceuticals will remain exempt [1][6] Group 2: Effects on Indian Companies - Indian pharmaceutical companies, like Biocon Biologics, derive nearly 40% of their revenue from the US, making them vulnerable to new tariffs [6] - UPL, a major player in crop protection chemicals, faces potential pressure as 10%-12% of its revenue comes from the US market [7] - The imposition of tariffs could lead to a significant decline in India's competitiveness in the US market, with potential export drops of 60% to 80% depending on tariff levels [10] Group 3: Business Reactions and Strategies - Companies like Farida Group, which relies heavily on the US market, have frozen expansion plans due to the tariff impact [8] - The "India+1" strategy is gaining traction among companies considering relocating from India due to the unfavorable tariff environment [9] - Exporters are experiencing a demand drop of around 20% in the short term, with some factories resorting to significant price cuts to retain customers [10]

Group 1 - The article highlights the sudden backlash from China against Canada following the imposition of tariffs on Chinese steel, indicating a coordinated response from China that significantly impacts Canada's economy [1][11][12] - Canada’s deep economic ties with the United States have limited its strategic options, leading to a reliance on U.S. policies that may not always favor Canadian interests [3][5] - The Canadian government, under Prime Minister Carney, underestimated China's resolve and capability to retaliate, resulting in a series of calculated economic measures against Canada [11][12] Group 2 - China imposed a 75.8% anti-dumping deposit on Canadian canola seed imports, a move that coincided with the harvest season, severely affecting Canadian farmers [14][16][27] - The response from China included a lawsuit at the WTO against Canada for its discriminatory tariffs, indicating a strategic approach to garner international support [19][21] - The article emphasizes that Canada’s agricultural sector, particularly canola farmers, faces dire consequences due to lost access to the Chinese market, which could lead to long-term market share losses [27][29] Group 3 - The article discusses the broader implications of Canada’s actions on its international reputation, suggesting that its protectionist measures could trigger a global trade protectionism wave [31] - The narrative concludes that Canada’s experience serves as a lesson on the dangers of abandoning strategic autonomy in favor of alignment with larger powers, advocating for a more pragmatic and balanced foreign policy [35][37]

特朗普在空军一号上向记者大喊"300%关税"时，以为自己握住了制胜法宝。可他不知道的是，就在同一天，中国悄然对美国两大盟友发出反制信号。 更讽刺的是，苹果为了躲避关税威胁承诺投资6000亿美元，而普通美国人却要为一台手机多掏几千块钱。 谁是这场游戏的真正赢家？为什么美国越是强硬，全球越是疏远？ 关税越高，美国越痛 这就是特朗普关税政策的根本矛盾：保护本土产业的大旗下，伤害的恰恰是本国人民的钱包。 华尔街的交易员连夜修改风险评估模型，费城半导体指数暴跌超2%，14家芯片公司市值蒸发420亿美元。 距离特朗普上次宣布100%关税仅仅两周，这位79岁的老头又抛出了300%的惊人数字。 数字背后的真相更加残酷。十个月内，美国关税收入从1月的73亿美元飙升到7月的277亿，累计狂揽1357亿美元。 这看起来像是一场胜利，直到你走进任何一家美国超市。鞋子涨价39%，T恤贵了37%，连啤酒都未能幸免。耶鲁大学的测算让人倒吸凉气：每户美国家庭 为此变相损失2400美元。 通用汽车的财报更是一记耳光。这家底特律巨头预估全年要多花50亿美元吞关税成本。 丰田的利润暴跌37%，直接下调年度预期。 前言 台积电成了最尴尬的夹心层。一 ...

Group 1 - The article highlights the U.S. as a master of "number games" in international trade negotiations, particularly criticizing its tactics with Japan and Vietnam [2][3] - In the negotiation with Japan, the U.S. claimed Japan would invest $550 billion, but the actual government financial arrangement involved only $5 to $10 billion, with the rest being voluntary corporate investments [2] - The negotiation with Vietnam was described as a "farce," where the U.S. initially agreed to a 1% tariff but later claimed it was 20%, showcasing a manipulation of numbers to gain an advantage [3] Group 2 - The unilateral actions of the U.S. have provoked backlash from several countries, including the EU, Brazil, and India, which have all initiated countermeasures against U.S. tariffs [5] - The U.S.'s international credibility has significantly declined, leading countries to distrust U.S. commitments and agreements, impacting future negotiations [6] - The global trade landscape is shifting as countries like Japan and ASEAN nations reduce reliance on the U.S. market, with Japan accelerating its "de-Americanization" efforts in supply chains [6] Group 3 - The article warns that if the U.S. continues its current approach, it risks becoming increasingly isolated on the international trade stage, potentially leading to significant economic consequences [8] - The core of international trade should be fairness and cooperation, but the U.S. is perceived to be pursuing unilateralism and protectionism, which is unsustainable [8]

Core Viewpoint - India is facing significant economic challenges due to the imposition of high tariffs by the United States, particularly a 50% tariff on certain goods, which has led to a reevaluation of its export strategies and markets [1][3][8] Group 1: Economic Impact - The U.S. has imposed a 25% punitive tariff on Indian goods, adding to an existing 25% tariff, resulting in a total of 50% on certain exports [1] - India's exports to the U.S. have historically accounted for about 18% of its total exports, making the U.S. its second-largest export destination [1] - High tariffs are compressing profits and causing orders to shift away from traditional Indian industries such as leather, textiles, and engineering machinery [1] Group 2: Strategic Response - The Indian government, led by Prime Minister Modi, is actively seeking to diversify its export markets, focusing on over 50 emerging countries that collectively account for nearly 45% of global trade [3] - The Indian agricultural export sector has seen a 17% increase in orders from the Middle East and over 23% growth in agricultural machinery exports to Africa [3] - India is also investing in high-value sectors such as solar cells, lithium batteries, and pharmaceuticals, with a significant initiative to produce silicon carbide chips [3][4] Group 3: Government Support - Modi announced the revival of a 225 billion INR export promotion fund to support small and medium enterprises affected by U.S. tariffs [4] - The National Development Bank has established a special credit window to assist companies in expanding into non-U.S. markets [4] Group 4: International Relations - Jeffrey Sachs emphasized the need for India to diversify its trade partnerships and reduce reliance on the U.S., aligning with India's current strategy to strengthen ties with countries like Russia, China, and various African nations [6] - China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi's upcoming visit to India is seen as an opportunity to enhance bilateral relations and provide India with alternative trade options amidst U.S. pressures [8] - Strengthening cooperation between India and China could help India mitigate the impact of U.S. tariffs and enhance its bargaining power on the global stage [8]

就在几天前的8月12日，中国商务部刚刚宣布对加拿大进口的油菜籽征收高达75.8%的反倾销保证金。这一消息如同猛锤巨响，令加国农业部门顿 时灾难四伏。油菜籽理事会的主席甚至惊呼，这一高税率"实际上关闭了加拿大油菜籽进入中国市场的大门"，而加拿大皇家银行的交易员则表 示："这真的让人震惊。"这种柴油般的冲击势必在短时间内波及加拿大的农业经济，已经有不少进口商开始"洗船"，急于取消订单。 加拿大的政府决策似乎真是好心办坏事。早在2023年8月底，加拿大为了迎合美国的贸易政策，对中国电动汽车及钢铝产品分别加征100%和25% 的关税，并对中国发出了警告。在这场原本没有必要的博弈中，加拿大显然并未意识到，其行为已经为自己埋下了隐患。而中国在这场较量中的 反击无疑展现了"迅速而精准"的策略：先后实施多项制裁措施，最后通过WTO诉讼，将问题升华为外交层面的斗争。 对于加拿大而言，失去中国这一庞大的市场，其后果不仅仅是国内农业的经济损失，更是对其国际信誉的重大打击。根据数据显示，加拿大一半 以上的油菜籽出口都是依赖中国市场，如今遭遇重创，其农民们自然不甘心。而在更大范围内，加拿大还面临着特朗普主导的美国贸易威胁，形 成了夹缝 ...