大国博弈
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全球金属新格局:美加速矿产储备,中国稀土影响市场
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-10 04:37
Group 1 - The Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell received a criminal subpoena due to budget overruns on office renovations, indicating potential political tensions regarding his monetary policy [1] - Concurrently, China has reduced its holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds to levels not seen in over a decade, suggesting a strategic shift in financial relations [3] - The dynamics of economic decision-making have shifted from traditional market forces to geopolitical influences, with military and diplomatic leaders now playing a significant role in determining prices and resource allocation [4] Group 2 - The U.S. is stockpiling "war metals" such as cobalt, antimony, tantalum, and scandium, which are critical for modern weaponry, due to domestic shortages and reliance on foreign imports [6][8] - The U.S. Department of Defense is attempting to establish a rare earth reserve to reduce dependence on China, but faces significant technological and cost challenges [11][12] - The market for rare earths is manipulated, with prices kept low to prevent new entrants, benefiting companies like MP Materials that have secured government contracts at favorable rates [16][19] Group 3 - The imposition of tariffs on Chinese permanent magnets is intended to protect U.S. manufacturing, but it creates a cost burden on American companies that cannot produce these components in the short term [20][21] - The current geopolitical climate resembles the Cold War era, where resource prices are driven by military competition rather than industrial demand [24][25] - The global supply chain is evolving into a strategic battleground, with countries leveraging their resources as hard currency and imposing export taxes [30] Group 4 - The overarching logic of great power competition has shifted from profitability and efficiency to control over resources and strategic assets [33] - The current environment emphasizes security and self-sufficiency over cooperation, marking the beginning of a new era in international relations [33]
广开首席产研院展望2026年全球经济金融趋势:世界经济面临“四重变局”
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-09 09:27
2026年启幕"十五五"新篇,全球经济于大国博弈与技术变革中寻求平衡,中国经济则在韧性增长与结构升 级中迈向高质量发展。外部环境变幻、内需复苏、新质生产力培育及金融"五篇大文章"落地,构成新一年 核心议题。值此,金融界特别推出《启航·预见2026》栏目,聚集百位首席,拆解政策取向、解析产业机 遇、预判市场走势。 本文作者:广开首席产研院院长连平 2025年,在美国"对等关税"实施、贸易环境恶化、外汇市场波动加剧、地缘冲突烈度升级等多重冲击下, 世界经济复苏进程持续承压。展望2026年,全球经济在消除部分不稳定性和不均衡性的同时,又将面临新 的变局,各种"灰犀牛""黑天鹅"风险交织叠加,将对世界经济和中国经济产生重要且深远的影响。 变局一:发达经济体面临滞胀风险 在地缘冲突、贸易保护主义和"对等关税"的影响下,2026年世界经济增长总体放缓。IMF、OECD、联合国 等预测,2026年全球经济增长约2.7%-3.1%,较2025年小幅回落。新兴经济体继续成为生力军。尤其是中 国、印度、越南等亚洲经济体表现更为亮眼,对世界经济的贡献将持续增强。2026年东亚、南亚和非洲经 济增速分别预计为4.4%、5.6%和4. ...
印度将停止购买俄石油,俄油低价运往中国,中俄立场一致!
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-09 05:45
那些原本运往印度的油轮,很可能很快转向中国。能源贸易的本质就是市场的博弈,谁能够稳定,谁就能够抢占更 多的市场份额。中国拥有更庞大、更活跃的市场,俄罗斯如果选择将油卖给中国,恐怕连美国都在想方设法将自家 的能源输送到中国市场。大家互相博弈,但中国市场的确定性无疑是最为亮眼的。对于俄罗斯来说,若印度退潮, 油价的折扣更加明显,中国无疑将成为最大受益者。 印度最近提出停止购买俄罗斯石油,这个举动表面上看似是在对俄罗斯表现出强硬态度,实则背后充满了讨价还价 的成分。莫迪此举,表面上是站队,但其真正的意图则是在与美国进行贸易谈判时利用这一点作为筹码。在大国博 弈的能源棋局中,最忌讳的就是自作聪明。莫迪或许认为通过将俄罗斯的石油作为筹码,能够换来美国的让步,但 实际上,这一举动很可能会让印度的信用被大大折扣。 特朗普曾公开表示,美印之间已经达成了贸易协议,只是双方为了避免外界过多关注而选择低调处理。这背后隐藏 着的交易,不是完全光明正大,一方要面子,一方要里子。特朗普宣称,美国将把对印度商品加征的关税降至 18%,这并不是美国在坚持原则,而是在精打细算、讲求交易的价格。 当印度承诺停止购买俄罗斯石油并承诺购买价值超过5 ...
金融属性+大国博弈机遇:有色矿业怎么看?
Mei Ri Jing Ji Xin Wen· 2026-02-09 01:37
总结来看,今年有色板块(包括黄金、白银)短期涨幅已十分显著,但在经历调整后,全年或仍有上涨空 间。短期来看,建议大家采取逢低布局或分批关注的方式,参与相关板块的投资机会。投资标的方面, 有色矿业指数的成分股数量相对较少,且聚焦于拥有矿产资源的有色行业上市公司,可能更易受益于金 属价格上涨。2025年,该矿业指数的涨幅在同类有色指数中排名第一,因此若大家在2026年重点关注有 色板块,可关注矿业ETF(561330)的投资机会。该ETF在过去两到三年间,涨跌弹性较强。 风险提示: 除此之外,黄金的投资需求增长尤为明显。今年以来,国内央行持续增持黄金,海外新兴市场国家央行 对黄金储备的需求增长也十分显著。因此,无论是海外投行还是国内投资者,均认为未来金价中枢仍有 上行空间。 铜、铝、黄金等金属均存在一定涨价可能性。锂的市场关注度同样较高,近期碳酸锂价格上涨较快。短 期来看,宜春等地出现了矿端供给扰动,部分矿山传出停产消息。今年在储能需求拉动逐步凸显、供给 端存在扰动的情况下,锂等能源金属也存在超预期涨价可能。稀土方面,战略储备需求同样显著,供给 端则持续有配额、管制等相关政策出台,因此稀土价格整体有望震荡偏强。 ...
俄油弃印投中,石油打巨折直供中国,中国1月进口量创近两年新高
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-08 06:07
2月2日,特朗普通过社交媒体公开宣布了一则重磅消息,声称印度总理莫迪已经承诺停止采购俄罗斯石油,并将转向美国和委内瑞拉的能源供应链,这一变 动将换来美国对印度的关税大幅下调,从原先的50%降至18%。特朗普的这一言论迅速引起关注,但印度方面的回应却始终带着几分模糊和保留。莫迪在公 开讲话中仅确认了关税下调的好处,但对于能源采购调整的核心问题却避而不谈。随后,印度商业部发布的声明中,虽然强调了坚持能源进口多元化战略, 但对停止购买俄油的具体时间表却没有给出任何明确答复。 印度此举的犹豫不决背后,显然有着深刻的考量。毕竟,彻底断绝与俄罗斯石油的关系,对印度而言无疑是一场风险巨大的豪赌。作为全球第三大石油进口 国,印度的90%原油需求依赖进口,而俄油多年来以低于国际市场3到5美元/桶的价格优势,成为了印度能源体系的重要支柱。假如印度每天进口120万桶俄 油,那么每年节省的采购成本就高达40亿美元。而且,印度大约七成的炼油厂设备,是根据处理俄油这一类重质高硫原油的特性而设计的。若要转向美国产 的轻质原油,印度不仅需要花费数百亿美元进行设备改造,还将面临至少半年的停工和供应中断。在这一过程中,油价波动和工业产能的限制, ...
阿根廷加入50国稀土联盟后,第一个帮中国说了句公道话
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-08 06:07
或许没人会预料到,阿根廷会成为第一个站出来为中国说话的国家,尤其是在这个由50个国家组成的稀土联盟中。令人意外的是,阿根廷的这一举动并非由 传统的亲中立场引发,而是源于米莱政府在与美国签署了一项关键矿产协议后,外长巴勃罗·奎尔诺所发表的一番话。他明确表示,这份协议并不排除中国 对阿根廷矿业的投资。这一声明对于整个国际矿产市场而言,毫无疑问是一个重要信号。根据这项协议,阿根廷承诺将美国列为铜、锂等关键矿产的优先贸 易伙伴,而不是操控市场的经济体或企业——显然,这个标签是特意为中国量身定制的。 奎尔诺进一步解释称,这项协议的目的,是为了给美国企业在阿根廷的投资提供更多的可预测性。然而,当记者询问米莱总统是否计划访问中国时,阿根廷 政府的高层却避而不谈,反而强调了即将访问美国的计划。这个在外交上的巧妙表态,显露出阿根廷政府在大国博弈中精妙的生存策略。作为一个资源丰富 的国家,阿根廷坐拥大量锂、铜、金、银矿藏,尤其是前两者,它们对全球电动汽车和绿色能源的转型至关重要。在由美国主导的50国稀土联盟中,阿根廷 无疑是一块重要的拼图。如果阿根廷完全对中国关闭矿产投资和贸易的大门,那么必定会给中国的资源布局带来不小的挑战。幸 ...
莫迪还没说不买,普京都已做好准备,俄油折扣惊人,全仓直供中国
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-07 10:21
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses India's shifting energy procurement strategy, particularly its potential move away from Russian oil towards American and Venezuelan sources, amid pressures from the U.S. and the implications of this shift for India's energy security and economic stability [1][5][8]. Group 1: India's Energy Strategy - India has reportedly agreed to stop purchasing oil from Russia and instead source it from the U.S. and Venezuela, which may lead to reduced tariffs from the U.S. [1] - Despite the announcement, India has not officially confirmed this decision, and its oil refineries have not received any directive to halt Russian oil imports [5][6]. - The core objective for India in energy procurement remains cost-effectiveness, as Russian oil is cheaper by $3 to $5 per barrel compared to international prices, leading to significant savings [6][10]. Group 2: U.S.-India Relations - The U.S. has previously expressed dissatisfaction with India's oil purchases from Russia, imposing a 25% additional tariff that has raised India's total tax rate to 50% [8][16]. - India's government is attempting to balance U.S. demands while maintaining its energy imports from Russia, indicating a strategy of temporary concessions to secure greater benefits [8][17]. Group 3: Russia-China Dynamics - Russia has begun offering unprecedented discounts on oil to China, with discounts reaching $9 per barrel, indicating a strategic pivot away from India [10][12]. - The increase in discounts for China, particularly on Urals crude oil, suggests that Russia is no longer willing to engage in a balancing act with India, focusing instead on a more reliable buyer [12][14]. - China's response has been swift, increasing its oil imports from Russia to 1.64 million barrels per day, thereby solidifying the energy partnership between the two nations [12][16]. Group 4: Implications for India - India's attempts to maintain a dual approach in its energy strategy may lead to unfavorable outcomes, as both the U.S. tariffs remain unchanged and Russia's discounts have shifted towards China [17]. - The ongoing geopolitical dynamics suggest that India's strategy of balancing between the U.S. and Russia may ultimately leave it disadvantaged, as Russia prepares to fully supply China [17].
特朗普搅局俄印石油!俄罗斯立马降价讨好中国,背后却暗流汹涌
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-07 07:23
Group 1 - The international energy market is experiencing significant turbulence, with the U.S. exerting pressure on India to reduce imports of Russian oil, leading to a drop in India's daily imports to 1.1 million barrels, the lowest since November 2022 [1] - Russia, facing a sudden loss of a major customer, is now forced to sell oil at discounted prices to China, with ESPO crude priced $9 below the international benchmark and Urals crude down $12 [3] - In January, China's daily imports of Russian oil reached a historical high of 1.7 million barrels, indicating a shift in the market dynamics as China capitalizes on the lower prices [5] Group 2 - The ability of Chinese refineries to process Russian oil is limited, as not all facilities can handle the high sulfur content of Urals crude, leading to potential bottlenecks in ports and storage [5] - Russia's energy revenue has plummeted by 34% since November, and the current low-price strategy is a desperate measure for survival, raising concerns about the sustainability of this approach [5] - The geopolitical implications of this energy shift are significant, as the U.S. may leverage the situation to weaken Russia while pushing China into a more precarious position, potentially leading to future sanctions [7] Group 3 - The current situation is characterized as a strategic game among major powers, with the U.S. influencing India to withdraw from Russian oil purchases, leaving China as a temporary buyer [7] - While short-term benefits from low oil prices are evident, there is a call for diversification in energy sources and upgrading refinery capabilities to mitigate risks associated with over-reliance on Russian oil [7]
中国管制白银,最大成果不是中国胜了, 而是美国再无手段控制中国
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-06 00:12
当美国试图用白银定价权掐住中国产业升级的脖子时,中国一纸管制令直接击碎这场金融围猎! 2026年白银出口许可证管理正式延续实施,纳入出口国营贸易管理清单,这记精准重拳不仅冲击了美国操控全球白银市场的底层逻辑,更让其依托资源霸权 制华的手段大幅失效。 这场看似围绕贵金属的博弈,实则是大国资源话语权与产业安全的终极较量,中国的白银管制从不是简单的资源调控,而是跳出西方设定的博弈陷阱,用实 物掌控权赢得的硬核胜利。 为何白银会成为美国制华的关键抓手?中国的管制政策又如何从根上瓦解其操控体系?这背后藏着的大国博弈逻辑,值得所有市场参与者深思。 美国将白银选为围猎中国的核心工具,绝非偶然,而是掐准了中国"工业用银第一大国"的刚需痛点,更依托其在全球定价中的影响力,将白银打造成遏制中 国高端产业发展的金融武器。 从产业属性来看,白银早已不是单纯的贵金属,而是现代工业的"刚需基石"——光伏电池银浆、新能源汽车电池、半导体导电层、数据中心散热部件等核心 领域,都离不开白银的不可替代作用。 中国作为全球制造业核心基地,工业用银占比超90%,仅光伏产业就消耗国内35%的白银,新能源汽车用银量更是传统燃油车的20倍以上,2024年 ...
俄罗斯加税900倍,印度骗购120吨稀土,到底谁是真朋友?
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-02-05 08:38
俄罗斯和印度,我们到底该相信谁呢? 就在中美掰手腕之际,俄罗斯说,我们是好兄弟,印度则说,我们是好邻居!一个是能源大国,一个是人口大国。可以说,这两个国家都能够影响中美博弈 的最终走向。 那么我们到底应该相信谁呢?在这里我先说答案,那就是一个我们都不能相信。 先说俄罗斯,在重大战略问题上,俄罗斯是完全支持中国的。 比如,第一时间响应我国的免签政策,又比如,在台湾、日本等问题上,俄罗斯永远都站在中国这一边。俄罗斯外长拉夫罗夫更是高度评价说,俄中关系前 所未有! 但是另一边呢?从2024年10月开始,俄罗斯就分阶段地对中国汽车挥起了税收大刀。先是将报废税暴涨70%到85%,紧接着又把汽车的进口关税又提到20% 到38%。 关键这还不够狠,到了2025年底,俄罗斯针对某些中国燃油车的报废税,竟然比之前涨了近900倍。这也就是说,一台在国内卖15万的车,光这项税就得交 25万元。另外,在2025年的1月份,俄罗斯竟然还扣押了部分中欧班列,导致中国商品无法运往欧洲。 可以看出,在战略上,俄罗斯和我们是同道中人,但是在战术上,俄罗斯一直都在向中国施压,要求自己的利益最大化,又或者逼迫中国能够更大程度的支 持俄罗斯。 我们 ...