Economic Overview - The manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) for July is reported at 49.3%, a decrease of 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a slight contraction in manufacturing activity [1] - The non-manufacturing business activity index stands at 50.1%, also down by 0.4 percentage points, reflecting a slowdown in growth [1] - The composite PMI output index is at 50.2%, down 0.5 percentage points, but still above the critical point, suggesting overall expansion in business activities [1] Manufacturing Sector Insights - The new orders index for manufacturing is at 49.4%, a decline of 0.8 percentage points, indicating a tightening in market demand [3] - The new export orders index is reported at 47.1%, down 0.6 percentage points, further highlighting weak demand [3] - Despite the demand weakness, the production index remains at 50.5%, indicating continued expansion in manufacturing activities for the third consecutive month [3] - The raw material purchase price index has risen to 51.5%, an increase of 3.1 percentage points, suggesting a recovery in raw material prices [3] Price Trends - The ex-factory price index for manufactured goods is at 48.3%, up 2.1 percentage points, marking the second-highest point this year [3] - The basic raw materials sector is driving the stabilization and recovery of market prices, with the purchase price index rising over 7 percentage points to 52% [4] Business Confidence and Expectations - The production and business activity expectation index is at 52.6%, an increase of 0.6 percentage points, indicating improved confidence among manufacturing enterprises [4] - Large enterprises maintain a PMI of 50.3%, while medium-sized enterprises show improvement with a PMI of 49.5%, and small enterprises have a PMI of 46.4%, indicating varying levels of economic health across different company sizes [4] Non-Manufacturing Sector Performance - The non-manufacturing business activity index is at 50.1%, reflecting a slowdown but still within the expansion range [8] - The construction sector's business activity index is at 50.6%, down 2.2 percentage points, indicating a slowdown due to seasonal weather impacts [8] - Consumer spending during the summer shows positive trends, with retail and postal service indices rising above 50% and 60%, respectively, indicating strong consumer purchasing intentions [9] Future Outlook - The construction sector is expected to rebound post-rainy season, with infrastructure activities projected to continue steady growth [8][9] - The overall economic foundation remains solid, with expectations for continued stable expansion and quality improvement in the second half of the year, supported by ongoing macroeconomic policies [5]

Group 1: Manufacturing Sector - The manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) decreased to 49.3% in July, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a decline in manufacturing activity [1][2] - The production index remained in expansion at 50.5%, while the new orders index fell to 49.4%, reflecting a slowdown in market demand [2] - Large enterprises maintained expansion with a PMI of 50.3%, while medium-sized enterprises improved to 49.5%, and small enterprises decreased to 46.4% [3] Group 2: Price Indices - The price index for major raw materials increased, with the purchasing price index at 51.5% and the factory price index at 48.3%, indicating an overall improvement in manufacturing market prices [2] - The purchasing price index for major raw materials rose above the critical point for the first time since March, suggesting a recovery in market conditions [2] Group 3: Non-Manufacturing Sector - The non-manufacturing business activity index was 50.1%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, but still above the critical point, indicating continued expansion [1][4] - The service sector's business activity index remained stable at 50.0%, with certain industries like transportation and entertainment showing strong growth due to seasonal effects [4] - The construction sector's business activity index fell to 50.6%, influenced by adverse weather conditions, while the business activity expectation index for the service sector rose to 56.6%, indicating optimism among service enterprises [4] Group 4: Composite PMI - The composite PMI output index was 50.2%, down 0.5 percentage points from the previous month, but still indicating overall expansion in production and business activities [5][6] - The manufacturing production index and non-manufacturing business activity index contributed to the composite PMI, standing at 50.5% and 50.1% respectively [6]

国家统计局7月31日发布数据显示，7月份，制造业采购经理指数（PMI）为49.3%，比上月下降0.4个百分点；非制造业商务活动指数和综合PMI产出指数 分别为50.1%和50.2%，比上月下降0.4和0.5个百分点，均持续高于临界点，我国经济总体产出保持扩张。 制造业PMI有所回落 "7月份，受制造业进入传统生产淡季，部分地区高温、暴雨洪涝灾害等因素影响，PMI降至49.3%，制造业景气水平较上月回落。"国家统计局服务业调查 中心高级统计师赵庆河表示。 图片来源：国家统计局 非制造业商务活动指数保持扩张 数据显示，7月份，非制造业商务活动指数为50.1%，比上月下降0.4个百分点，仍高于临界点。 图片来源：国家统计局 赵庆河表示，服务业商务活动指数总体稳定。7月份，服务业商务活动指数为50%，比上月略降0.1个百分点。从行业看，在暑期假日效应带动下，与居民 出行和消费相关的铁路运输、航空运输、邮政、文化体育娱乐等行业商务活动指数位于60.0%以上高位景气区间，业务总量较快增长。从市场预期看，7 月份，业务活动预期指数为56.6%，比上月上升0.6个百分点，表明多数服务业企业对市场预期较为乐观。 建筑业商务活动 ...

Group 1: Manufacturing PMI Insights - In July, the manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI) decreased to 49.3%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a decline in manufacturing activity [2][3] - The production index remained in expansion at 50.5%, while the new orders index fell to 49.4%, reflecting a slowdown in market demand [3] - Large enterprises maintained expansion with a PMI of 50.3%, although it decreased by 0.9 percentage points, while medium-sized enterprises improved to 49.5% [4] Group 2: Non-Manufacturing PMI Insights - The non-manufacturing business activity index stood at 50.1%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, but still above the critical point [5] - The service industry business activity index was stable at 50.0%, with sectors related to travel and consumption showing strong performance, while real estate and residential services lagged [5][6] - The construction business activity index fell to 50.6%, down 2.2 percentage points, due to adverse weather conditions affecting construction activities [6] Group 3: Comprehensive PMI Insights - The comprehensive PMI output index was 50.2%, a decrease of 0.5 percentage points from the previous month, indicating overall expansion in production and business activities [7] - The manufacturing production index and non-manufacturing business activity index contributed to the comprehensive PMI, standing at 50.5% and 50.1% respectively [7]

统计局解读：7月份，受制造业进入传统生产淡季，部分地区高温、暴雨洪涝灾害等因素影响，制造业PMI回落。主要原材料购进价格指数自今年3月份以来首次升至临界点以上，制造业市场价格总体水平有所改善。房地产、居民服务等行业商务活动指数均低于临界点，景气度偏弱。 ...

国家统计局数据显示，7月份，受制造业进入传统生产淡季，部分地区高温、暴雨洪涝灾害等因素影 响，PMI降至49.3%，制造业景气水平较上月回落。从重点行业看，装备制造业和高技术制造业PMI分 别为50.3%和50.6%，均持续高于临界点，高端装备制造业保持扩张；消费品行业PMI为49.5%，比上月 下降0.9个百分点；高耗能行业PMI为48.0%，比上月上升0.2个百分点，景气度有所改善。 ...

国家统计局数据显示，大型企业PMI为50.3%，比上月下降0.9个百分点，其生产指数和新订单指数分别 为52.1%和50.7%，均连续三个月位于扩张区间，大型企业保持较好生产经营态势；中型企业PMI为 49.5%，比上月上升0.9个百分点，景气水平继续改善；小型企业PMI为46.4%，比上月下降0.9个百分 点。 ...

Group 1 - Key Point 1: The Bank of Japan is set to announce its interest rate decision, which could impact market expectations and investor sentiment [1] - Key Point 2: The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) will release its interest rate decision, followed by a press conference from Chairman Jerome Powell, indicating potential shifts in U.S. monetary policy [1] - Key Point 3: China's official manufacturing PMI for July will be released, providing insights into the health of the manufacturing sector and economic activity [1] Group 2 - Key Point 1: Switzerland's actual retail sales year-on-year for June will be reported, which may reflect consumer spending trends in the region [1] - Key Point 2: The press conference by Bank of Japan Governor Kazuo Ueda will be closely watched for insights on future monetary policy direction [1] - Key Point 3: France's preliminary CPI month-on-month for July will be released, which is crucial for understanding inflation trends in the Eurozone [1] Group 3 - Key Point 1: Germany's seasonally adjusted unemployment figures for July will be published, providing a snapshot of the labor market [1] - Key Point 2: The Eurozone's unemployment rate for June will be reported, which is essential for assessing economic stability in the region [1] - Key Point 3: The Challenger Job Cut Report for July will indicate the number of layoffs in the U.S., offering insights into employment trends [1] Group 4 - Key Point 1: Germany's preliminary CPI month-on-month for July will be released, which is important for gauging inflationary pressures [1] - Key Point 2: Canada's GDP month-on-month for May will be reported, providing insights into economic growth [1] - Key Point 3: The U.S. initial jobless claims for the week ending July 26 will be published, which is a key indicator of labor market health [1] Group 5 - Key Point 1: The U.S. core PCE price index year-on-year for June will be released, which is a critical measure of inflation [1] - Key Point 2: The U.S. personal spending month-on-month for June will be reported, indicating consumer behavior and economic activity [1] - Key Point 3: The U.S. labor cost index quarter-on-quarter for Q2 will be published, which is important for understanding wage pressures [1] Group 6 - Key Point 1: The U.S. core PCE price index month-on-month for June will be released, providing further insights into inflation trends [1] - Key Point 2: The Chicago PMI for July will be published, which is a key indicator of manufacturing activity in the U.S. [1] - Key Point 3: The EIA natural gas inventory for the week ending July 25 will be reported, which is significant for energy market dynamics [1]

Group 1: Report Core View - Bank - to - bank major interest - rate bond yields generally rose by about 4bp; Treasury bond futures closed sharply lower, with the 30 - year main contract down 0.78% and the 10 - year main contract down 0.25%. The yields of bank "secondary and perpetual bonds" generally rose by about 4bp. The central bank made continuous net injections in the open market, and the short - term liquidity in the inter - bank market further eased. The weighted average rate of DR001 dropped by about 10bp to around 1.36%. Recently, the sharply falling commodity futures showed signs of stabilizing, and the stock market continued to fluctuate strongly, expanding its gains in the afternoon, suppressing the risk - aversion sentiment. In addition, rumors about the Politburo meeting focusing on "anti - involution" also had a certain negative impact. Continued attention should be paid to the final meeting content and the progress of China - US negotiations [3] - On July 29, the People's Bank of China conducted 449.2 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at a fixed - rate and quantity - tender method, with an operating rate of 1.40%. The bid volume was 449.2 billion yuan, and the winning volume was 449.2 billion yuan. According to Wind data, 214.8 billion yuan of reverse repurchases matured on that day, resulting in a net injection of 234.4 billion yuan for the day [3] - The main basis of TS is 0.0139, with the spot bond at a premium to the futures, which is bullish. The main basis of TF is 0.0286, with the spot bond at a premium to the futures, which is bullish. The main basis of T is 0.1589, with the spot bond at a premium to the futures, which is bullish. The main basis of TL is 0.3153, with the spot bond at a premium to the futures, which is bullish [3] - The balances of deliverable bonds for the main contracts of TS, TF, and T are 1.3594 trillion, 1.4935 trillion, and 2.3599 trillion respectively; it is neutral [4] - The main contract of TS is running below the 20 - day moving average, and the 20 - day moving average is downward, which is bearish. The main contract of TF is running below the 20 - day moving average, and the 20 - day moving average is downward, which is bearish. The main contract of T is running below the 20 - day moving average, and the 20 - day moving average is downward, which is bearish [4] - The main contract of TS has a net long position, and the long position increases. The main contract of TF has a net long position, and the long position increases. The main contract of T has a net long position, and the long position decreases [5] - In June, the three major PMI indices all rebounded, the year - on - year CPI turned positive, and the core CPI continued to rise. China's LPR in July remained unchanged for the second consecutive month. In the first half of the year, the total financial volume increased reasonably, and China's credit total... (incomplete information in the original text) [6] Group 2: Market Review - The 30 - year, 10 - year, 5 - year, and 2 - year main contract market element table shows that for T2509, the current price is 108.130, down 0.25%, with a trading volume of 77,800, an open interest of 187,214, a daily open - interest change of - 625, and the CTD bond is 240013.IB; for TF2509, the current price is 105.545, down 0.17%, with a trading volume of 59,900, an open interest of 148,330, a daily open - interest change of - 32, and the CTD bond is 240001.IB; for TS2509, the current price is 102.302, down 0.06%, with a trading volume of 40,300, an open interest of 98,505, a daily open - interest change of - 2929, and the CTD bond is 240012.IB; for TL2509, the current price is 117.87, down 0.78%, with a trading volume of 140,800, an open interest of 120,771, a daily open - interest change of + 488, and the CTD bond is 200012.IB [9] Group 3: Cash Bond Analysis - There are data on DR interest rates and inter - bank Treasury bond yields and Treasury bond term spreads, but specific numerical analysis is not clearly summarized in the given text [10][14] Group 4: Basis Analysis - There are basis analysis charts for T2509, TF2509, and TS2509 CTD bonds, showing the basis trends from December 16, 2024, to May 20, 2025 [17][18][20]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a cautious investment stance on the consumer sector, particularly highlighting concerns over inflation and the impact of tariffs on low-priced consumer goods and durable imports [4]. Core Insights - The consumer confidence index in the U.S. rebounded to 61.8 in July, indicating a slight recovery in consumer sentiment, although it remains significantly lower than historical averages [6][9]. - Retail sales data for June showed a year-on-year increase of 3.9%, reaching $720.11 billion, driven by pre-tariff purchasing behavior [6][9]. - Inflationary pressures are evident, with the June CPI rising to 2.7%, primarily due to increased energy prices and the initial effects of tariffs on imported goods [9][12]. - Employment data showed a strong increase in non-farm payrolls, with 147,000 jobs added in June, although the growth was largely driven by government sectors, while the private sector showed signs of weakness [14][16]. Summary by Sections Macro Overview - Consumer confidence index increased to 61.8 in July, reflecting a two-month rebound [6]. - Retail sales for June reached $720.11 billion, up 3.9% year-on-year, exceeding expectations [6][9]. - Inflation rose to 2.7% in June, with energy prices being a significant contributor [9]. - Non-farm payrolls added 147,000 jobs in June, with a decline in the unemployment rate to 4.1% [14]. Essential Consumption - Beverage sales showed robust growth, with a 5.2% year-on-year increase in May, while tobacco sales slowed down [2][28]. - Alcohol sales in May were $6.31 billion, reflecting a modest growth of 0.8% year-on-year, but overall sales volume continues to decline [2][24]. - Dairy product shipments totaled $13.49 billion in May, with a year-on-year increase of 1.1% [28]. Optional Consumption - Restaurant sales in June reached $98.74 billion, up 6.6% year-on-year, indicating strong consumer spending in this segment [3][32]. - Department store sales were $77.25 billion in June, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 3.2% [3][34]. - Clothing retail sales in June were $26.34 billion, with a year-on-year increase of 3.9% [3][36]. Market Performance - The optional consumption sector outperformed, with a 5.6% increase, while essential consumption saw a decline of 1.5% [4]. - The consumer sector remains under pressure from high valuations and inflationary concerns, particularly affecting low-priced consumer goods [4]. Employment and Credit - The labor market showed mixed signals, with strong overall job growth but significant weakness in the private sector [14][16]. - Consumer credit saw a sharp decline in May, with a 70% drop in growth compared to April, indicating a potential slowdown in consumer spending [20]. PMI and Economic Indicators - The manufacturing PMI for June was 49.0, indicating continued contraction, while the services PMI returned to expansion at 50.8 [22][23].