Group 1 - The South Korean stock market experienced a significant rebound, with the KOSPI index rising over 2% during intraday trading, driven by strong performances in the information technology, healthcare, and financial sectors [1][2] - The South Korean government plans to utilize all policy tools, including fiscal, tax, and regulatory reforms, to achieve its economic growth forecast of 1% for the year, which is higher than the predictions from the Bank of Korea and the International Monetary Fund [2][3] - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for July showed a year-on-year increase of 2.1%, with processed food prices rising by 4.1% and seafood prices increasing by 7.3%, while agricultural product prices saw a slight decline of 0.1% [2][3] Group 2 - The average retail price of watermelon reached 33,337 KRW (approximately 173 RMB), marking a 33.7% increase from the previous month and a 20.7% rise compared to the same period last year, attributed to extreme heat and increased demand [5][6] - Other agricultural products, such as tomatoes and cabbages, also saw significant price increases, with tomatoes rising nearly 70% month-on-month and cabbages exceeding 6,000 KRW (32 RMB) per head, reflecting the impact of severe weather conditions [5][6] - The Bank of Korea reported an increase in foreign exchange reserves, which rose by 1.13 billion USD to 411.33 billion USD by the end of July, following a decline to a five-year low in May [4][3]

Core Viewpoint - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has revised its economic growth forecasts for Latin America, projecting a growth of 2.2% in 2025 and 2.4% in 2026, indicating a slight improvement compared to previous estimates [1] Summary by Relevant Categories Economic Growth Projections - Latin America's economic growth is expected to reach 2.2% in 2025, an increase of 0.2 percentage points from April's forecast, and 2.4% in 2026 [1] - Brazil's growth is projected at 2.3% for 2025, up by 0.3 percentage points, and 2.1% for 2026, an increase of 0.1 percentage points [1] - Mexico is expected to grow by 0.2% in 2025, an increase of 0.5 percentage points, and maintain a growth of 1.4% in 2026 [1] - Argentina's growth forecast remains at 5.5% for 2025 and 4.5% for 2026, unchanged from April [1] Comparative Performance - Despite the upward revision, Latin America's growth continues to lag behind other emerging markets and developing countries, which are projected to grow by 4.1% in 2025 and 4% in 2026 [1]

Core Insights - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has raised its economic growth forecast for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, expecting a growth of 3.2% this year, primarily due to better-than-expected output from Saudi Arabia and Egypt [2] - The IMF predicts Saudi Arabia's economic growth will reach 3.6% this year and has adjusted Egypt's GDP growth forecast for 2025 from 3.8% to 4.0% [2] - The improvement in the economic outlook is attributed to more supportive financial conditions in the region, with a decrease in main debt spreads and an increase in international bond issuances [2] Economic Forecasts - The MENA region's economic growth is expected to remain at 3.4% in 2026 [2] - Egypt's economic growth forecast for 2026 has been downgraded by 0.2 percentage points to 4.1%, mainly due to delays in implementing structural reform agendas [2] - The IMF anticipates a decline in inflation rates in the coming months and years, despite currently high regional inflation [2] Sector Performance - Non-oil manufacturing, tourism, and telecommunications sectors in Egypt have shown better-than-expected output, contributing to the upward revision of its economic growth forecast [2]

本周四，在美联储早间决定维持利率不变后，日本央行也紧随其后，一致决定维持利率不变。 不过与美联储不同的是，日本央行还对外释放了鹰派信号：如果未来日本经济和通胀的增长符合其预 测，它将在未来加息。此外，日本央行还上调了2025年的通胀和经济增长预期。 日本央行按兵不动 释放鹰派信号 日本央行表示，由于日本的实际利率仍处于"非常低的水平"，如果其经济预测实现，它将"继续提高政 策利率，调整货币宽松程度"。 在日本央行发出的鹰派信号影响下，日元大幅走强，美元兑日元汇率下跌0.5%，至148.74日元。日本股 市保持乐观，日经225指数上涨近0.6%。 早在7月初，日本央行植田和男就发出过同样的信号，令市场对央行可能发出的鹰派信号早有防备。北 京时间周四14:30，植田和男将在新闻发布会上发表讲话，其对于未来前景的表述值得关注。 总体而言，日本央行此次的决议基本没有出乎外界预期。因为一周前，日本首相石破茂领导的执政党刚 刚失去参议院多数席位，因此外界早已有普遍预期，在日本当前政治前景不确定性加剧的背景下，日本 央行本月将会按兵不动。 日本央行将基准政策利率维持在0.5%不变，货币政策委员会的所有九名成员都支持这一决定 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan (BOJ) decided to maintain the interest rate at 0.5%, marking the fourth consecutive meeting without changes, aligning with market expectations [1][3]. Economic Outlook - The BOJ raised its core Consumer Price Index (CPI) forecasts for the fiscal years 2025 to 2027, with median projections now at 2.7%, 1.8%, and 2.0%, compared to previous forecasts of 2.2%, 1.7%, and 1.9% respectively [3]. - The economic growth forecast for the fiscal year 2025 was adjusted from 0.5% to 0.6% year-on-year [3]. Trade Policy Impact - The BOJ noted that economic outlook risks are skewed to the downside, with significant uncertainties stemming from trade policies [6]. - Recent progress in trade agreements between Japan and the United States, including a $550 billion investment from Japan, is expected to influence the economic landscape [6]. Future Rate Hike Expectations - The BOJ reiterated that it would consider raising interest rates if economic and price developments align with its expectations, although no specific timeline for future rate hikes was provided [7]. - There is a consensus among various institutions that a rate hike in October is likely, with expectations of a 25 basis point increase to 0.75% [8][9][10].

【导读】日本央行如期维持利率不变，上调今年通胀和经济增长预期 7月31日，日本央行公布利率决议，决定维持利率在0.5%不变，连续第四次会议按兵不动，符合市场预期。 日前，日本与美国贸易协议等贸易政策取得进展。特朗普称，根据这项协议，日本将向美国投资5500亿美元，美国将获得投资利润的90%。 日本将向美国开放汽车、卡车、大米及某些其他农产品和商品市场，美国将对日本输美产品征收15%的关税。 日本央行重申，如果经济和物价发展符合日本央行的预期，未来将提高利率，但未明确未来加息时间表。 对于后续加息的时机，各家机构观点相对一致，10月加息成普遍共识。 汇丰银行预计，贸易协议或促使日本央行货币政策重回正轨，10月或加息25个基点至0.75%。 日本央行决议前，美元兑日元一度逼近150关口，日内跌0.45%。日本央行维持利率不变后，美元兑日元短线走高，现报148.90。 日本央行同时上调了核心CPI预期。该央行预计，潜在消费者通胀率可能在2025财年到2027年预测期的下半年达到与2%目标基本一致的水 平。2025~2027财年核心CPI预期中值分别为2.7%、1.8%和2.0%，此前预期分别为2.2%、1.7%和1 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan (BOJ) decided to maintain the interest rate at 0.5%, aligning with market expectations, while raising its inflation and economic growth forecasts for the year [2][4]. Summary by Sections Interest Rate Decision - The BOJ has kept the interest rate unchanged for the fourth consecutive meeting, which was anticipated by the market [2][4]. - Following the decision, the USD/JPY exchange rate saw a short-term increase, reported at 148.90 [4]. Inflation Forecast - The BOJ has revised its core Consumer Price Index (CPI) forecasts upward, expecting potential consumer inflation to align with the 2% target in the latter half of the fiscal years 2025 to 2027. The new median core CPI forecasts for these years are 2.7%, 1.8%, and 2.0%, compared to previous forecasts of 2.2%, 1.7%, and 1.9% [4]. Economic Growth Outlook - The BOJ has also increased its economic growth forecast for the fiscal year 2025, adjusting the GDP growth expectation from 0.5% to 0.6% [4]. Economic Risks - The BOJ noted that the economic outlook carries downside risks, particularly due to uncertainties surrounding trade policies. Despite a mild recovery in the Japanese economy, some weaknesses persist [5]. - Recent progress in trade agreements between Japan and the U.S. is highlighted, with Japan committing to invest $550 billion in the U.S. and the U.S. imposing a 15% tariff on certain Japanese imports [5]. Future Rate Hikes - There is a consensus among various institutions that a rate hike in October is likely, with HSBC predicting a 25 basis point increase to 0.75% [6]. - Other institutions, such as the Netherlands International and Mizuho Bank, also view October as a potential time for a rate hike, with Mizuho suggesting it could be the last hike of the year [7]. - The BOJ Governor is scheduled to hold a press conference to explain the rate decision, indicating ongoing communication regarding monetary policy [7].

日本央行上调了核心CPI预期，表明对日美贸易协议将有助于日本经济避免大幅下滑持谨慎乐观态度。 该央行预计潜在消费者通胀率可能在2025财年到2027年预测期的下半年达到与2%目标基本一致的水平。其2025-2027财年核心CPI预期中值分别为2.7%、 1.8%和2.0%。（5月份预期为2.2%、1.7%和1.9%）。 周四，日本央行以一致投票做出利率决定，维持基准利率在0.5%不变，为连续第四次会议按兵不动，符合市场预期。 美元兑日元短线走高20点后迅速回落，短线波幅逾30点。 与此同时，日本央行还略微上调了今年的经济增长预期，将2025财年的GDP同比增长预期从之前的0.5%调整为0.6%。 日本央行表示，经济前景风险偏向下行，贸易政策及其发展带来的不确定性对经济和价格前景的影响仍然很高。 交易员将寻找日本央行可能就利率前景提供的任何线索。日本央行行长植田和男将于北京时间14:30召开货币政策新闻发布会。 由于官员们可能需要时间来评估美国关税将如何影响日本经济和全球商业，日本央行避免就未来加息的时间给出任何明确暗示。 持续更新中..... 这一表述软化了对贸易不确定性的描述，表明贸易不确定性不再"极高"， ...

Core Viewpoint - UBS economists predict that the Bank of England may raise its inflation and economic growth forecasts for the UK during the August meeting, following higher-than-expected inflation data in June [1] Group 1: Inflation Forecasts - The Bank of England is likely to adjust its inflation forecast for 2025 from 3.3% to 3.5% due to recent inflation data [1] - The adjustment reflects a response to the economic conditions and inflation trends observed in the first half of the year [1] Group 2: Economic Growth Predictions - Following stronger-than-expected GDP growth in the first quarter, the growth forecast for the UK may also see a slight upward revision [1] - UBS anticipates that assumptions regarding energy prices and the effective exchange rate of the pound will be adjusted, while the policy interest rate assumption is expected to remain largely unchanged [1]

国际货币基金组织研究部副主任佩佳·科耶娃·布鲁克斯（Petya Koeva Brooks）在国际货币基金组织举行 的线上新闻发布会上表示，预测值下调的原因是埃及结构性改革议程实施缓慢。 与此同时，该机构将埃及2024/2025财年经济增长率预测上调至4%，而4月的预测值为3.8%。上调的原 因是过去几个月非石油制造业、通信业和旅游业的产出增幅高于预期。 新华财经开罗7月30日电（记者张健）国际货币基金组织29日发布的《世界经济展望》显示，国际货币 基金组织将埃及2025/2026财年经济增长预测值下调至4.1%，低于4月发布的4.3%。 （文章来源：新华财经） ...