股债定价各有独立逻辑，定价的结果或均偏向止盈。 投资要点： 市 场 策 略 周 报 股弱债不强，意味着什么 [Table_Authors] 唐元懋(分析师) 本报告导读： 证 券 研 究 报 告 | | 0755-23976753 | | --- | --- | | | tangyuanmao@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880524040002 | | | 杜润琛(研究助理) | | | 021-38031034 | | | durunchen@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880123090079 | | | 孙越(分析师) | | | 021-38031033 | | | sunyue6@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880525080004 | [Table_Report] 相关报告 区间震荡行情延续 2025.11.22 美元流动性收紧何时缓解 2025.11.18 大行短端买入力度减弱 2025.11.18 本轮移仓有何特征和机会 20251117 2025.11.17 大行融出回落，存单发行提升，6M 期限最多 2025.11.17 请务必阅读正文之后 ...

市场偏好短端下沉，而非拉久期 [Table_Authors] 张紫睿(分析师) 信用债市场周度回顾 251122 本报告导读： 本周信用债交投情绪降温，机构交易行为趋保守，市场偏好短端下沉强于拉久期； 信用债整体表现均衡，5Y 内各期限信用利差已来到年内低点。 投资要点： | | 021-23185652 | | --- | --- | | | zhangzirui@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880525040068 | | | 王宇辰(分析师) | | | 010-83939801 | | | wangyuchen4@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880523020004 | [Table_Report] 相关报告 美元流动性收紧何时缓解 2025.11.18 大行短端买入力度减弱 2025.11.18 本轮移仓有何特征和机会 20251117 2025.11.17 大行融出回落，存单发行提升，6M 期限最多 2025.11.17 地方债发行渐入尾声 2025.11.17 证 券 研 究 报 告 略 周 报 债券研究 /[Table_Date] 2025.11.23 [Tab ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No specific industry investment rating is provided in the given content. 2. Core Viewpoints - On November 13, 2025, the central bank announced the financial statistics for October 2025. M2 increased by 8.2% year - on - year, M1 increased by 6.2% year - on - year. The stock of social financing scale at the end of October 2025 increased by 8.5% year - on - year, and the cumulative increase in social financing scale in the first ten months of 2025 was 30.9 trillion yuan, 3.83 trillion yuan more than the same period last year [1][12]. - The year - on - year growth rate of social financing in October was 8.50%, with the growth rate falling for three consecutive months. New social financing was 81.5 billion yuan, 58.08 billion yuan less than the same period last year. Government bond financing slowed down, and credit demand was weak [2][13]. - M1 declined, and the gap between M1 and M2 widened slightly. However, the M1 - M2 gap has been narrowing overall this year, which is an important signal of capital activation and can boost the sentiment of the equity market in the short term [3][25]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Social Financing Data Validates Bond Market Space - **Social Financing Growth Rate and Composition**: The year - on - year growth rate of social financing in October was 8.50%, with the growth rate falling for three consecutive months. New social financing was 81.5 billion yuan, 58.08 billion yuan less than the same period last year. Government bond net financing was 48.93 billion yuan, 56.02 billion yuan less than the same period last year. New RMB loans decreased by 2.01 billion yuan, 31.66 billion yuan more than the same period last year. In direct financing, corporate bond net financing was 24.69 billion yuan, 14.82 billion yuan more than the same period last year, and non - financial enterprise domestic stock financing was 6.96 billion yuan, 4.12 billion yuan more than the same period last year. The new non - standard financing decreased by 10.85 billion yuan, 3.58 billion yuan less than the same period last year [2][13]. - **Credit Demand**: New RMB loans by financial institutions in October were 22 billion yuan, 28 billion yuan less than the same period last year. Corporate loans increased by 35 billion yuan, 22 billion yuan more than the same period last year, with obvious bill impulse, and corporate medium - and long - term loans increased by 3 billion yuan, 14 billion yuan less than the same period last year. Resident loans decreased by 36.04 billion yuan, 52.04 billion yuan more than the same period last year, indicating weak demand in the real estate market [2][14]. 3.2 M1 - M2 Spread and Capital Activation - **M1 and M2 Trends**: In October, M2 increased by 8.20% year - on - year, down 0.2 percentage points, and M1 increased by 6.20% year - on - year, with the growth rate down 1.0 percentage point compared with the previous value. The absolute value of the M1 - M2 gap widened slightly to 2.00pct, but it has been narrowing overall this year, which is a signal of capital activation and can boost the equity market sentiment in the short term. The growth rate difference between social financing and M2 in October was 0.30pct [3][25]. - **Deposit Changes**: In October, household deposits decreased by 134 billion yuan, 77 billion yuan more than the same period last year; non - financial enterprise deposits decreased by 108.53 billion yuan, 35.53 billion yuan more than the same period last year; fiscal deposits increased by 72 billion yuan, 12.48 billion yuan more than the same period last year; non - banking financial institution deposits increased by 185 billion yuan, 77 billion yuan more than the same period last year, which may promote further capital activation [3][25]. 3.3 Investment Advice - **Equity Market**: The recent narrowing of the M1 - M2 gap is an important signal of capital activation, which can boost the equity market sentiment in the short term, but the sustainability of the rebound depends on fundamental improvement and policy coordination [4][35]. - **Bond Market**: The social financing data in October shows that the growth rate of social financing has declined. The data verifies the uncertainty of the economic recovery. The bond yield has declined recently, and there is still some room for further decline. In 2026, the central bank's monetary policy will continue the "moderately loose" tone. For the bond market, investors are advised to mainly conduct band operations on interest - rate bonds, pay attention to the structural opportunities of green bonds and technology bonds in credit bonds, dynamically adjust the stock - bond ratio, and pay attention to elastic assets such as pro - cyclical convertible bonds [4][38].

Group 1: Market Trends - The peak period for the opening of amortized bond funds is from November 2025 to the first half of 2026, with a total opening scale exceeding 400 billion yuan[12] - In December 2025, the opening scale will reach 107.7 billion yuan, and in March 2026, it will exceed 116 billion yuan, primarily focusing on 3-year and 5-year products[12] - The demand for 3-5 year high-grade credit bonds will continue to be released, maintaining a strong short-term performance[14] Group 2: Fund Allocation Changes - The proportion of credit bonds in amortized bond funds has increased significantly, reaching 14.9% by the end of Q3 2025, up from 1.8% at the end of 2024[13] - Bank wealth management has replaced bank proprietary trading as the core incremental funding source, with holdings in amortized bond funds rising from 17.1 billion yuan to 93 billion yuan, a growth of over 5 times[13] - 84% of the increased funding from wealth management is directed towards products with a closed period of 3 years or less, reinforcing the demand for short- to medium-term credit bonds[13] Group 3: Market Structure Differentiation - The credit bond market is experiencing structural differentiation, with medium- to high-grade credit bonds benefiting significantly, while certain bonds are excluded from the amortized bond fund allocation due to SPPI testing[14] - Long-term credit bonds are less favored due to maturity mismatches and profit-taking by banks, while policy financial bonds are seeing reduced compression dynamics due to the shift towards credit bonds[14] - The overall market is characterized by a notable divergence in performance among different bond types[14]

Core Insights - The Beijing Stock Exchange (BSE) has achieved significant growth in its four years of operation, focusing on serving innovative small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and enhancing market quality and efficiency [1][2][8] Market Development - The number of listed companies on the BSE has reached 282, with over half being national-level specialized "little giant" enterprises, and more than 80% from strategic emerging industries and advanced manufacturing [1][2] - The BSE 50 Index has seen a year-to-date increase of approximately 50%, with cumulative dividends nearing 20 billion yuan [1][6] Financing and Support - The BSE has facilitated over 60 billion yuan in cumulative financing for SMEs, averaging about 2 million yuan per company, demonstrating a commitment to inclusive finance [3][6] - Nearly 80% of listed companies are SMEs, with over 90% being private enterprises, indicating a strong focus on supporting the private sector [3][6] Performance and Resilience - As of October 30, 2023, the average revenue for BSE-listed companies was 520 million yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 5.99%, while the average net profit was approximately 33 million yuan, with a profitability rate of 82.44% [3][4] Market Functionality - The BSE has developed a dual-channel financing model, enhancing both equity and debt financing options, including various types of bonds to support innovation [5][6] - The exchange has issued over 13 trillion yuan in government bonds and supported local government bond issuance exceeding 990 billion yuan [6] Investor Protection - The BSE emphasizes investor protection through stringent monitoring and regulation, with over 90% of listed companies distributing dividends, totaling approximately 19.86 billion yuan [7][8] Future Outlook - The BSE aims to deepen reforms and enhance its service to innovative SMEs, focusing on optimizing listing standards and improving the adaptability of its regulatory framework [8][9] - Plans include the introduction of the North Exchange 50 ETF to attract stable passive investment and improve market vitality [9]

Core Insights - The People's Bank of China reported that the total social financing (TSF) increased by 30.9 trillion yuan in the first ten months of 2025, which is 3.83 trillion yuan more than the same period last year [1] - The structure of TSF is changing, with non-loan financing methods now accounting for over half of the total financing increment [2][3] - Government bond net financing reached 11.95 trillion yuan, making up nearly 40% of the TSF increment, indicating a significant role of fiscal policy in driving economic growth [2] Group 1: Monetary Policy and Financing - The year-to-date growth rate of broad money (M2) is 8.2%, while the year-on-year growth rate of narrow money (M1) is 6.2%, reflecting a slight decline in both metrics [1] - The current monetary policy stance is supportive, aimed at promoting reasonable price recovery, with a focus on maintaining strong support for the real economy [5][6] - The weighted average interest rate for new corporate loans is 3.1%, which is approximately 40 basis points lower than the same period last year [4] Group 2: Loan Structure and Economic Support - In the first ten months, RMB loans increased by 14.97 trillion yuan, with a growth rate of 6.5% as of the end of October [4] - Loans related to new economic drivers, such as technology and green financing, have maintained a rapid growth rate, indicating a shift towards high-quality economic development [4] - The leverage ratio of government departments increased by 2.2 percentage points in Q3 2025, highlighting the ongoing fiscal support for major projects and national strategies [2]

Core Viewpoint - Concerns over an AI investment bubble have spread from the U.S. stock market to the bond market, leading to significant sell-offs of corporate bonds issued by major tech companies [3][4]. Group 1: Corporate Bond Market Dynamics - Recently, corporate bonds from major tech companies like Alphabet, Meta, Microsoft, and Oracle have faced continuous sell-offs, with yield spreads reaching their highest levels since April [4]. - The yield premium required by investors for a basket of these bonds has increased to 0.78 percentage points, up from 0.5 percentage points in September [4]. - Oracle has issued $18 billion in bonds to fund AI infrastructure, while Meta secured a $27 billion private debt agreement for its data center development [3][4]. Group 2: Investment Trends and Concerns - Major tech companies are projected to invest over $350 billion in AI this year, with expectations to exceed $400 billion in data centers by 2026 [4]. - There are growing investor concerns regarding overcapacity, long-term profitability, and energy demands associated with these investments [4]. - Oracle's bonds have seen a nearly 5% decline since mid-September, indicating significant market pressure [5]. Group 3: Market Reactions and Future Outlook - Some analysts believe the decline in corporate bonds related to AI is temporary, suggesting that increased supply may lead to a price rebound in the future [6]. - The market is still in the early stages of the AI corporate bond issuance cycle, which may indicate potential for recovery [6].

投资者对人工智能（AI）投资泡沫的担忧，从美国股市蔓延至债市。美股超大规模企业发行的一揽子 企业债最近几周受到冲击，一直遭到抛售，使得这些债券收益率与美国国债的利差走阔至4月美国总统 特朗普宣布所谓"对等关税"导致市场动荡以来的最高水平，部分企业债的违约对冲成本也快速走高。 过去几个月，Meta、Alphabet和甲骨文均推出了各类发债计划，其中一些债务期限长达40年。甲骨文早 在9月，就发售了180亿美元的债券，为OpenAI在得克萨斯州阿比林的"星际之门"数据中心等AI基础设 施租赁提供资金。Meta上个月刚刚与全球债券巨头品浩（Pimco）和蓝色猫头鹰资本（Blue Owl Capital）等投资者，达成了一项270亿美元的私人债务协议，为其在路易斯安那州的"Hyperion"数据中 心的开发提供资金。10月底，它又筹集了300亿美元债券，为该公司自2023年以来发行的规模最大的一 笔企业债。Alphabet在11月初也发售了250亿美元的债券，其中175亿美元在美国市场融资，75亿美元在 欧洲市场融资。 近几个月来，甲骨文的债券受到了严重打击。媒体编制的一项追踪其债务的指数，自9月中旬以来下跌 了近5 ...

Investment Rating - The industry rating is maintained as "Recommended" indicating a positive outlook for the industry fundamentals and an expectation that the industry index will outperform the benchmark index [6]. Core Insights - The report highlights four key points from the 2025 Q3 monetary policy report released by the central bank, focusing on loan interest rates, the shift in monetary policy language, the relationship between monetary aggregates, and the importance of maintaining reasonable interest rate relationships [1][2][3][4]. Summary by Sections Loan Interest Rates - As of September 2025, the weighted average loan interest rate is 3.24%, down 5 basis points from the previous month. The average interest rate for general loans is 3.67%, down 2 basis points, while the personal housing loan rate remains stable at 3.06%. The corporate loan rate is 3.14%, down 8 basis points. The excess reserve ratio is 1.4%, down 0.4 percentage points year-on-year [1][12]. Monetary Policy Language - The monetary policy language has shifted from "strengthening counter-cyclical adjustments" to "doing a good job in both counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments." The outlook does not mention the likelihood of reserve requirement ratio cuts or interest rate reductions, indicating a stable capital market and improving inflation trends [2]. Financial Aggregates - The report emphasizes that the current high level of financial data means future monetary policy effects will focus more on "price" rather than "quantity." Without real demand and fiscal policy support, the expansion of base money may not effectively translate into broad money supply growth [3]. Interest Rate Relationships - The central bank aims to ensure that banks do not issue loans at post-tax rates lower than the yields of government bonds of the same maturity. This is to maintain a reasonable interest rate relationship and support banks in stabilizing their net interest margins, thereby expanding the space for counter-cyclical monetary policy adjustments [4][5].

Market Overview - The overall funding environment was loose last week, with slight increases in bond yields and a decline in government bond futures [1][5] - As of November 7, the 10-year government bond yield rose to 1.81%, up 0.42 basis points from the previous Thursday and up 1.45 basis points from the previous week [1][2] - The market's expectation for bond purchases by the central bank was somewhat overstated, leading to a weaker bond market after the actual implementation [1][2] Bond Market Performance - The bond market experienced fluctuations, with the 10-year government bond yield showing mixed performance throughout the week, ending at 1.81% [2][5] - The China Convertible Bond Index rose by 0.86% over the week, with significant trading volume of 3,426 billion yuan [4] - The issuance of local bonds decreased significantly, with a total of 916.07 billion yuan issued, down 1,790.75 billion yuan from the previous week [8] Central Bank Operations - The central bank conducted a total of 4,958 billion yuan in 7-day reverse repos last week, with a net withdrawal of funds [12][14] - The central bank resumed government bond trading, injecting 200 billion yuan into the banking system, which was lower than market expectations but still significant [13][20] Credit Market Activity - A total of 448 credit bonds were issued last week, with a total scale of 5,079.87 billion yuan, reflecting an increase of 1,377.19 billion yuan from the previous week [9] - The issuance of financial bonds amounted to 1,270.70 billion yuan, while corporate bonds and medium-term notes also saw significant issuance [9] International Market Insights - In the U.S., the consumer confidence index fell to 50.3, indicating economic concerns, while the labor market showed mixed signals with job growth slightly above expectations [15][26] - European bond yields generally increased, with the 10-year German bond yield rising by 4.6 basis points over the week [17] - Japanese investors reduced their holdings of overseas bonds while increasing their investments in domestic bonds [19]