出品 | 妙投APP 作者 | 丁萍 头图 | 视觉中国 在一片上涨中，黄金成为了少数下跌的例外。 自2025年5月12日以来，美股迎来了一波反弹，标普500指数和纳斯达克期货分别上涨了5.27%和7.15%，美元指数也突破了101，人民币兑美元的汇率最低更 是跌破了7.18。但黄金却在这一波涨潮中逆势下行，COMEX黄金价格一度跌至3123.3美元/盎司，跌幅达4%。 这一切背后，最大的推手是中美两国在关税战中的博弈终于有了转机，市场的风险偏好明显上升，避险情绪减弱，但这一影响受限于90天的临时性协议期 限。黄金作为传统的避险资产，受到了明显的压力。 除此之外，短期内的超买状态也引发了技术性调整——根据CFTC数据显示，4月黄金非商业净多头头寸达到了历史峰值38.2万手，较五年均值高出47%；另 外，地缘冲突的缓和也是一个因素。 事实上，这已经不是黄金今年第一次出现回调。2025年一季度，COMEX黄金价格上涨了20%，一度触及3509.9美元/盎司的历史高点，随后就开始了震荡下 行，回撤幅度一度超过了11%。 问题来了，黄金究竟还要跌多久？会一直跌下去吗？ 中期交易美国滞胀 短期来看，黄金价格的走势已经脱 ...

Group 1 - The forum highlighted the impact of the Trump administration's tariff policies, aiming to reduce trade deficits and increase U.S. fiscal revenue, while potentially restructuring the international trade and investment system with a more prominent U.S. role [1] - The rebalancing of trade and investment costs is creating more opportunities for developing countries in the Global South, as companies face greater uncertainty and seek cost-effective locations for operations [2] - Major economies are undergoing profound internal economic adjustments due to global trade rebalancing, with a focus on domestic economic structure to effectively address trade imbalances [2] Group 2 - The global monetary system is expected to evolve towards a more diverse and inclusive framework, with potential changes driven by the inclusion of more currencies and increased attention to digital currencies [3] - China's cross-border investments have significantly increased, with over $3 trillion in direct investment stock from 2014 to 2024, indicating strong participation in international markets and supply chains [4] - Chinese companies are increasingly establishing industrial parks abroad, creating industrial clusters that contribute to local economic development and infrastructure improvements [5]

Group 1 - The future international monetary system will be more diverse and inclusive, with significant adjustments occurring in the current international trade system, allowing Chinese enterprises to seize opportunities despite changes [1][3] - The rebalancing of trade and investment costs now includes factors such as innovation, institutional frameworks, green development, geopolitical considerations, and ideology, leading to greater uncertainty for entrepreneurs while still focusing on maximizing efficiency and effectiveness [3] - Historical experience suggests that a country can only effectively resolve trade imbalances when its internal economic structure is more balanced [3] Group 2 - The rebalancing of currencies will guide the world monetary system towards greater diversity and inclusiveness, despite the current dominance of the US dollar facing challenges such as currency weaponization and the Triffin dilemma [3][4] - The emergence of more currencies in international trade will not only serve trade and investment but also contribute to financial stability, with increased attention on the role of cryptocurrencies in cross-border trade and investment [4] - Chinese enterprises have shown resilience in international markets, transitioning from labor-intensive to technology-driven investments, and are actively participating in local infrastructure development, contributing to economic growth beyond just employment and tax revenue [4]

Core Viewpoint - The current most significant event affecting international trade and investment is the tariff issue, particularly the tariff policies introduced by the Trump administration, which have shocked the world [2] Group 1: International Trade and Investment Dynamics - The competitiveness of the U.S. in general processing and labor-intensive manufacturing is not strong enough, making it difficult for manufacturing to return to the U.S. as desired by the Trump administration [2] - Due to policy uncertainties, manufacturing companies are more inclined to seek locations with lower costs and tariffs, which are often found in global South countries and emerging markets [2] - The current situation indicates three "rebalancing" trends in the international trade and investment system: cost-effectiveness rebalancing, global trade rebalancing leading to profound adjustments in major economies' internal structures, and currency rebalancing towards a more diverse and inclusive global monetary system [2] Group 2: Changes in the International Monetary System - The dominance of the U.S. dollar faces challenges, including the weaponization of currency and the "Triffin dilemma," which necessitates changes in the international monetary system [3] - Changes in the international monetary system may advance in three directions: the inclusion of more currencies in the international monetary system, increased focus on cryptocurrencies for cross-border trade and investment, and potential enhancement of the International Monetary Fund's Special Drawing Rights (SDR) functionality [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the future international monetary system will become more diverse and inclusive, influenced by current trade and investment dynamics, particularly tariff issues [3][4][6] - The first key point is the rebalancing of cost-effectiveness in trade and investment, with emerging markets in the "Global South" becoming more attractive due to lower costs and tariffs [3][4] - The second key point highlights that global trade rebalancing will lead to profound adjustments in the internal economic structures of major economies, with historical evidence suggesting that internal economic balance is crucial for resolving trade imbalances [4][5] Group 2 - The third key point discusses how monetary rebalancing will guide the world monetary system towards greater diversity and inclusiveness, addressing issues like the dominance of the US dollar and the "Triffin dilemma" [4][5] - More currencies are expected to join the international monetary system, with increased use of emerging market currencies for trade and investment [5] - There will be a greater emphasis on digital currencies, particularly for cross-border trade and investment, and a potential enhancement of the Special Drawing Rights (SDR) function by the International Monetary Fund [5][6] Group 3 - China's cross-border investment has seen rapid growth, with private enterprises being the main force behind foreign investments, demonstrating resilience and adaptability in changing global conditions [7][8] - From 2014 to 2024, China's direct investment stock is projected to exceed $3 trillion, significantly higher than the previous two decades combined [8] - Chinese enterprises are increasingly engaging in global supply chain construction and are transitioning from labor-intensive industries to advanced technology sectors, aiming to become global multinational corporations [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of trade cooperation and the detrimental effects of protectionism on global economic collaboration, asserting that mutual benefits and open cooperation are essential for economic prosperity [1][2][5]. Trade Dynamics - The article critiques the prevailing notion in the U.S. that trade deficits equate to losses, arguing that imports enhance national welfare and that halting imports would lead to higher costs for consumers [2][3]. - It highlights that the U.S. trade deficit is primarily driven by its domestic economic model characterized by low savings, high consumption, and high debt, necessitating imports to fill the investment gap [3]. China’s Trade Strategy - China is expanding its diverse and balanced trade partnerships, with significant growth in trade with the EU and ASEAN, indicating a shift towards a more resilient trade structure [4]. - The article notes that China's trade with ASEAN reached 1.71 trillion yuan, a 7.1% increase, and trade with Belt and Road Initiative countries grew by 2.2% [4]. Economic Integration - The integration of domestic and international trade is advancing, with 87,000 industrial enterprises achieving integrated operations, reflecting a 6.3% growth [4]. - The article mentions that over 2,200 enterprises are leading in this integrated approach, enhancing the synergy between international and domestic markets [4]. Future Outlook - The article concludes that China's ongoing participation in global technological revolutions and industrial transformations will bolster its economic development, countering narratives of economic collapse [5].

作 者丨 林秋彤 编 辑丨肖嘉 图 源丨图虫 今年4月以来，美国特朗普政府所谓"对等关税"政策搅动世界经贸体系，全球金融市场随之陷入剧烈波动中，美国本土市场首当其冲。 2 1世纪经济报道记者注意到，4月份，美国金融市场多次出现股债汇"三线齐跌"的现象。Wi n d数据显示，美股标普5 0 0指数当月下跌 0 . 7 6 2 5%，道琼斯工业指数当月下跌3 . 1 7 2 2%；美债则遭遇"抛长买短"，两年期美债收益率从月初的3 . 8 7%一度下降至3 . 6%，十年期美债收益 率从月初的4 . 1 7%迅速拉升，最高达到4 . 4 8%。 汇市方面，美元指数4月开盘1 0 4 . 1 7 9，收盘9 9 . 6 4 6，录得4 . 3 6%的跌幅，其间最低触达9 7 . 9 1 0。而在此之前，美元指数已长期维持在1 0 5以上 的高位，且于今年1月1 0日以1 0 9 . 6 5 6 7创2 0 2 3年以来的最高值。 最新数据显示，截至记者发稿，美元指数徘徊在1 0 0 . 3 8附近，较前一交易日 下跌2 4 0 0点左右。 中国社会科学院亚太与全球战略研究院副研究员肖宇在接受记者采访时指出，4月份美 ...

今年4月以来，美国特朗普政府所谓"对等关税"政策搅动世界经贸体系，全球金融市场随之陷入剧烈波动中，美国本土市场首当其冲。 21世纪经济报道记者注意到，4月份，美国金融市场多次出现股债汇"三线齐跌"的现象。Wind数据显示，美股标普500指数当月下跌0.7625%，道琼斯工业指 数当月下跌3.1722%；美债则遭遇"抛长买短"，两年期美债收益率从月初的3.87%一度下降至3.6%，十年期美债收益率从月初的4.17%迅速拉升，最高达到 4.48%。 汇市方面，美元指数4月开盘104.179，收盘99.646，录得4.36%的跌幅，其间最低触达97.910。而在此之前，美元指数已长期维持在105以上的高位，且于今 年1月10日以109.6567创2023年以来的最高值。最新数据显示，截至记者发稿，美元指数徘徊在100.41附近。 中国社会科学院亚太与全球战略研究院副研究员肖宇在接受记者采访时指出，4月份美国金融市场股债汇三杀在其历史上屈指可数。"即使是在2008年次贷危 机期间，流动性短缺导致美三大股指大幅回撤，但债市和汇市涨跌互现，也未形成单边一致性下跌"。 显然，在美国掀起的关税风暴催化下，资本市场对美元资产信 ...

固收"申"音：月度策略 20250508 摘要 • 经济外需压力显现，市场对经济预期悲观，利率曲线趋于平坦。关注美国 联储政策、美元汇率及宽财政进度，警惕美国"双赤字"问题及其对美元 资产信用的潜在影响。 • 美国通过关税、汇率等手段解决特里芬难题，与中国等主要竞争对手博弈。 美国宽财政或难持续，未来几年可能转向紧缩，需重点关注美联储政策方 向和财政状况。 • 美国经济当前处于滞胀而非衰退，密歇根消费者信心指数下降主因通胀预 期回升。全球贸易增速或在 2024 年见顶，中美博弈加剧，全球贸易经济 重构概率大。 • 国内政策侧重提振内需，但海外负面影响或削弱政策效果。投资方面，地 产、基建、制造业增长空间有限；消费受储蓄意愿、收入预期和房价下跌 制约，未来政策应侧重促进消费。 • 货币政策方面，大工具保持定力，小工具灵活调整，实体融资需求下降形 成自发性宽松。5-8 月利率或下行，全年或为嵌套在宏观审慎框架内的利 率下行期，需警惕利率下行引发的金融风险。 Q&A 今年 5 月份整体在线市场的看法是什么？ 今年 5 月份整体在线市场的看法主要集中在利率下行期的开始。宽松交易窗口 已经打开，这与最新新闻发布会内容相 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights China's firm stance against U.S. trade coercion, emphasizing that it will not accept any deals that sacrifice its interests and will respond resolutely to U.S. actions [1][3]. Group 1: U.S. Trade Strategy - The U.S. has imposed punitive tariffs ranging from 34% to 104% on Chinese goods, viewing China as its primary competitor and aiming to weaken its position in global supply chains [1][3]. - The U.S. is facing a significant debt crisis, with national debt exceeding $36 trillion and annual interest payments nearing $1 trillion, leading to a reliance on tariffs as a means to address its economic challenges [3]. - The U.S. trade strategy has resulted in increased inflation and a growing trade deficit, countering its intended economic benefits [3]. Group 2: International Reactions - Key allies like the UK and Japan have openly rejected U.S. pressure to decouple from China, indicating a miscalculation of U.S. influence [3][5]. - The article notes that the U.S. is using trade as a political tool, which undermines international cooperation and trust [3][5]. Group 3: China's Response and Adaptation - China has made significant advancements in overcoming technology blockades, having developed 21 out of 35 key technologies previously restricted by the U.S. [5]. - China's trade focus is shifting towards emerging markets in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, with its exports to the U.S. decreasing from 19% in 2017 to 14.6% in 2024 [5]. - The article mentions that the U.S. tariffs on Southeast Asian countries have inadvertently strengthened China's ties with ASEAN nations [5]. Group 4: Broader Implications - The trade war has led to rising inflation in the U.S., with a reported 3.5% year-on-year increase in CPI as of March, and declining consumer confidence [7]. - The potential for retaliatory tariffs could lead to a significant contraction in global trade, reminiscent of the Great Depression [7]. - The intertwining of trade and national security by the U.S. is increasing geopolitical tensions, particularly in regions like Southeast Asia and Europe [7].