行业研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 "人形机器人的 Optimus 时刻"系列（十一） 推荐（维持） 精密减速器：群雄逐鹿，新的篇章 三大行业共振，减速器迎来全新机遇。 1、工业机器人：减速器最大的下游应用场景。据睿工业，2024年我国市场用 于工业机器人的精密减速器出货量约为109.7万台。从长期来看，工业机器人 向智能化与柔性化方向升级，以及国产技术在高端应用场景（如汽车制造等） 中的不断突破，将持续推动精密减速器市场实现稳步增长。 2、工业母机：减速器最核心的下游应用场景。当前我国高端机床的核心零部 件主要依赖日本及德国品牌，国产零部件使用率较低。从长远看，实现中高端 机床零部件的国产化率提升是实现自主可控关键。我们拆解各类型机床对应减 速器配置数量，测算 2024 年我国机床领域减速器总需求量为 59.8 万台。 3、人形机器人：减速器最潜力的下游应用场景。目前人形机器人领域主流的 减速器配置方案为"谐波减速器+行星减速器"的组合。特斯拉方案单Optimus 需要 16个谐波减速器，对应价值量在 2万元左右；国产全旋转模组方案，单 台机器人减速器价值量约为 3 万元左右。 三大类别看目前国产减速器厂商布 ...

今日早盘，A股整体小幅震荡上扬，上证指数创出年内新高，深证成指创3个月来新高，创业板指、科创 50、沪深300等也微幅飘红，北证50则微幅飘绿，市场成交继续呈现萎缩的趋势。 盘面上，消费电子、航天装备、纺织制造、创新药等板块涨幅居前，渔业、地面兵装、工程机械、可控 核聚变等板块跌幅居前。 元器件、AI手机、PC、苹果概念、无线耳机等消费电子细分领域也放量上攻，博敏电子（603936）、大 为股份（002213）、金安国纪（002636）等强势涨停。 据供应链消息，苹果的折叠iPhone已于6月进入P1（Prototype 1）原型开发阶段，后续会有P2和P3阶段， 预计2025年底有机会走完Prototype的开发流程。 消费电子放量上攻 消费电子概念早间放量高开高走，板块指数涨逾4%，创3个月来新高，半日成交超昨日全天成交。朝阳科 技（002981）、新亚电子（605277）均直线拉涨停，硕贝德（300322）、工业富联（601138）、创益通 （300991）、蓝思科技（300433）等涨幅居前。 在P1到P3阶段，供应链会进行小量试产，再交由iPhone主力组装厂鸿海、和硕进行组装，并检查生产与 产品良 ...

Core Insights - The Chinese power semiconductor market exhibits a pyramid structure, with international large semiconductor companies in the first tier, domestic leading companies with IDM capabilities in the second tier, and specialized manufacturing companies in the third tier [1][6]. Market Share - In 2024, the market share of domestic companies in the Chinese power semiconductor industry shows that Wentai Technology exceeds 10%, Silan Micro exceeds 5%, and Huazhong Micro, Yangjie Technology, and Zhenhua Technology exceed 3%. Companies like Sinda Semiconductor, Jiejie Microelectronics, Huami Electronics, and Xinjie Energy have market shares above 1%, while others are below 1% [5]. Market Concentration - The concentration ratios for the Chinese power semiconductor industry in 2024 are CR3 at 25%, CR5 at 31.3%, and CR10 at 37.5%, indicating a competitive market with many participants. Although leading companies hold significant shares, the advantages are not pronounced, allowing opportunities for smaller firms [6]. Strategic Layout - Key companies like Times Electric and BYD Semiconductor have effectively implemented integrated strategies, particularly in the rail transit and automotive sectors, enhancing their influence in the supply chain. Sinda Semiconductor focuses on upstream raw materials, investing 229 million yuan in a silicon carbide module project. Huazhong Micro's acquisition of Runxin Microelectronics in 2022 bolsters its capabilities in GaN power devices [10][11]. Competitive Landscape - Analyzing the competitive state through Porter's Five Forces model reveals that the upstream supply capability is limited with high customization, giving suppliers strong bargaining power. The demand for power semiconductors is substantial, but buyers have weak bargaining power. The industry is attractive for potential entrants, though high barriers exist in terms of capital, technology, and talent. The threat from substitutes is low, and competition among existing players is moderate [14].

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Group 1: Northern Huachuang (北方华创) - The company is positioned as a leading domestic semiconductor equipment manufacturer, showcasing both growth potential and resilience [1] - The domestic semiconductor equipment market share in China has increased from 13% in 2015 to an estimated 42% in 2024, with Northern Huachuang expected to double its market share by 2025 compared to 2020 [2] - The company’s current valuation at 27 times NTM P/E is close to historical lows, suggesting an attractive investment opportunity with a target price of RMB 530, indicating a potential upside of 19.6% [2] Group 2: Genscript Biotech (云顶新耀) - The company is advancing its platform for reversible mRNA therapies, with promising data from multiple drug candidates [3] - The EVM16 candidate has shown efficacy in mouse models and demonstrated synergy with PD-1 antibodies, while EVM14 is progressing through preclinical studies with potential for inducing immune memory [4] - The EVER001 study for treating membranous nephropathy has reported significant immunological responses, with antibody levels dropping by over 60% after 8-12 weeks [4][7] Group 3: Photovoltaic Industry - Recent policy discussions indicate a shift towards addressing the challenges faced by the photovoltaic industry, with expectations for substantive policies to emerge [8] - The report highlights opportunities for leading photovoltaic manufacturers, particularly in glass and silicon production, as the industry seeks to overcome competitive pressures [8] Group 4: Automotive Industry - The report notes a slowdown in the month-on-month growth of new energy vehicle deliveries, with a 17.7% year-on-year increase across 11 manufacturers [9] - BYD's June sales reached 377,628 units, reflecting an 11% year-on-year growth, while Xiaomi's deliveries exceeded 25,000 units despite slight month-on-month declines [10][11] - The overall market is expected to continue its growth trajectory in July, driven by new model launches from various manufacturers [11]

在41个工业大类行业中，有23个行业利润同比增长，占比近六成。与一季度相比，保持基本稳定。其 中，装备制造业和高技术制造业利润增长进一步提速，1—4月份，装备制造业和高技术制造业利润同比 分别增长11.2%和9.0%，较1—3月份加快4.8个百分点和5.5个百分点。 川财证券首席经济学家陈雳对证券时报记者表示，政策显效叠加产业升级带动1—4月工业企业利润同比 增速进一步回升。国产替代与产业升级趋势持续，高技术、高附加值的产业和产品成为经济增长新引 擎，特别是机器人、人工智能、半导体与芯片等重点战略领域实现较快发展，科研创新与成果市场化提 速带动企业盈利能力不断提升。 数据显示，多个与"人工智能+"行动、智能化产品助力数智化转型相关行业利润实现了同比翻倍及以上 的增长，如半导体器件专用设备制造业利润同比增长105.1%，智能车载设备制造、智能无人飞行器制 造行业利润分别增长177.4%、167.9%。 证券时报记者江聃 国家统计局5月27日发布的数据显示，1—4月份，全国规模以上工业企业实现利润总额21170.2亿元，同 比增长1.4%，其中4月份规模以上工业企业利润同比增长3.0%。 国家统计局工业司统计师于 ...

Group 1 - In the first half of 2025, 7 semiconductor companies that are still in the red managed to go public, which is a significant shift from the traditional capital market preference for profitable companies [1][2] - The introduction of the Sci-Tech Innovation Board in 2019 broke the previous profit requirement for IPOs, allowing companies with strong technology and promising sectors to list even without profits [2][3] - On February 17, 2023, the China Securities Regulatory Commission approved a third set of listing standards for the ChiNext board, enabling unprofitable companies with a projected market value of at least 5 billion yuan and recent revenue of at least 300 million yuan to go public [2] Group 2 - The 7 unprofitable companies are engaged in various high-tech fields, each facing significant financial challenges while pursuing innovation [5] - Moer Thread and Muxi Co. are focused on the GPU sector, requiring substantial investment for architecture innovation to compete with established players like NVIDIA [6] - Dapu Microelectronics specializes in storage control chips, aiming to support the domestic storage chip market amid rapid technological changes [7] - Shiya Technology is developing silicon-based OLED display chips for AR/VR devices, facing high costs in R&D and production [8] - Zhaoxin Integrated is tackling the CPU market, aiming to create a complete domestic computing platform despite significant challenges [9] - Shanghai Super Silicon is producing high-purity silicon wafers, a critical component in chip manufacturing, requiring extensive investment [10] - Angrui Micro focuses on RF front-end chips for 5G communication, needing innovation to compete in a complex market [11] Group 3 - The ability of these 7 companies to go public indicates government support for the semiconductor industry, highlighting the need for capital market involvement in achieving self-sufficiency in high-end chips and critical materials [12]

Core Viewpoint - In the first half of 2025, 7 semiconductor companies that are still in the red managed to go public, indicating a shift in the capital market's attitude towards unprofitable firms, particularly in the semiconductor sector [1]. Group 1: Changes in IPO Regulations - The traditional A-share IPO process required companies to meet profit thresholds, but the introduction of the Sci-Tech Innovation Board in 2019 allowed unprofitable companies with strong technology to list [3]. - On February 17, 2023, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) approved a third set of financial standards for the ChiNext board, allowing unprofitable companies with a market value of at least 5 billion yuan and revenue of at least 300 million yuan to go public [3]. - The first unprofitable company to be accepted for listing on the ChiNext was Dapu Microelectronics on June 27, 2025, marking the implementation of the new standards [3]. Group 2: Overview of the 7 Unprofitable Companies - The 7 companies, despite their losses, are engaged in critical sectors within the semiconductor industry [4]. - **Mole Thread and Muxi Co., Ltd.** are focused on the GPU market, facing high costs in architecture innovation to compete with dominant players like NVIDIA [5]. - **Dapu Microelectronics** specializes in storage control chips, essential for the smart storage systems, and aims to secure funding through its IPO to support ongoing high R&D costs [6]. - **Shiyatech** is developing silicon-based OLED display chips for AR/VR devices, requiring significant investment in R&D and production capabilities [7]. - **Zhaoxin Integrated** is tackling the CPU market, aiming to create a complete domestic computing platform despite facing significant challenges in ecosystem adaptation and performance optimization [8]. - **Shanghai Super Silicon** focuses on producing high-purity silicon wafers, a foundational element in chip manufacturing, requiring substantial upfront investment [10]. - **Angrui Micro** is dedicated to RF front-end chips critical for mobile signal quality, needing to innovate to compete in the 5G market [11]. Group 3: Policy Support for Semiconductor Industry - The ability of these 7 companies to go public reflects government support for the semiconductor industry, which is crucial for achieving self-sufficiency in high-end chips and key materials amid global competition [12].

Core Insights - The article discusses the recent performance of stocks in the A-share market, highlighting key opportunities and trends in various sectors [1] Group 1: Stock Performance and Analysis - A total of 60 stocks hit the daily limit up, with a focus on those with consecutive gains and first-time limit ups [3] - Chengbang Co., Ltd. experienced a five-day consecutive limit up with a net profit increase of 202% in Q1, indicating strong performance but with caution advised due to speculative trading [3] - Juliy Sprockets' limit up is linked to national policies promoting marine economy, with the company holding leading technology in deep-sea mooring systems [3] - The photovoltaic sector saw significant activity, with Fulaite and Jinjing Technology hitting limit up due to industry-wide production cuts of 30%, indicating a move towards higher industry concentration [3] Group 2: Company Developments - Kangda New Materials' acquisition of Zhongke Huami positions the company in the high-reliability integrated circuit sector, benefiting from domestic substitution trends [4] - Baolingbao's limit up is attributed to the launch of new functional sugar products, particularly in the high-demand maternal and infant market [4] Group 3: Market Trends and Investment Strategy - The market is shifting from speculative trading to sectors with solid earnings support, such as new energy, technology, and consumption upgrades [4] - Companies with strong fundamentals are seen as potential investment opportunities during market pullbacks, while caution is advised against chasing stocks with excessive short-term gains [4]

Company Overview - CITIC Prudential Life Insurance Co., Ltd. was established in 2000, with a registered capital of 4.86 billion yuan as of December 31, 2024, and total assets exceeding 270 billion yuan [1] - The company focuses on five key areas: technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance, and has made significant progress in product development, business growth, and risk management over the past two decades [1][2] - As of now, CITIC Prudential has established 23 branches and over 200 sub-branches across 102 cities in China [1] Product and Service Offerings - The company offers a wide range of insurance products covering traditional insurance, critical illness, medical, accident, and wealth management, catering to the diverse needs of nearly 13 million customers [2] - As of the end of 2024, the total insured amount provided by the company exceeded 22 trillion yuan, with claims paid out amounting to nearly 16.7 billion yuan [2] Risk Management and Credit Rating - CITIC Prudential emphasizes integrating value orientation into its risk management processes and has improved its comprehensive risk management capabilities [2] - The company maintains an AAA credit rating from both China Chengxin International Credit Rating Co., Ltd. and United Ratings, with a stable outlook [2] Investment Strategies - The company has been actively exploring green investment paths, investing in environmental protection, new energy, and energy-saving projects, with a total investment in the real economy reaching 122.1 billion yuan and 21.473 billion yuan in green and sustainable investments as of December 2024 [3] Social Responsibility - CITIC Prudential has committed to social responsibility, donating over 45.4 million yuan to public welfare and sending 7,630 volunteers to support education, disaster relief, and health initiatives [4] Shareholder Information - CITIC Financial Holdings Co., Ltd., established in March 2022, is a comprehensive financial service enterprise under CITIC Group, focusing on capital management, risk management, and wealth management [5] Market Overview - In 2024, the Chinese economy showed a "high at the beginning, low in the middle, and rising at the end" trend, with GDP growth of 5% and nominal GDP growth of 4.23% [38] - The stock market saw significant fluctuations, with the Shanghai Composite Index rising by 12.67% and the Hang Seng Index by 17.67% [39] Bond Market Performance - The bond market experienced a downward trend in yields throughout 2024, with the 10-year government bond yield falling to 1.6752% by the end of the year [40] Investment Account Management - The company manages various investment accounts, including the Preferred All-Bond Investment Account, which seeks stable long-term returns while prioritizing asset safety [9] - The Growth Pioneer Investment Account focuses on equity investments, aiming for high long-term asset appreciation [14]