► 文 观察者网 齐倩 近期，国际经贸风云变幻，美国总统特朗普挑起的关税战冲击全球产业链。但在如此关税风暴下，来自日本、德国、美国等国家的汽车、 医药、化学等多行业企业纷纷宣布新的在华投资，其中包括丰田、日产、西门子、巴斯夫等行业巨头。 据各地政府网站和媒体消息，4月以来，多家行业巨头与中方达成新的合作协议。 4月22日，上海市人民政府与丰田汽车公司在沪签署战略合作协议，双方将在新能源汽车等领域加强合作，共同助力中国社会绿色低碳发 展。据介绍，此次丰田项目总投资146亿元，接下来将加速整个项目的审批进度。根据规划，预计今年6月份实现项目正式开工，2027年第 一台车正式下线。 《南华早报》称，这是特朗普发动关税战以来，外企宣布的最大一笔在华投资之一。 一周前（15日），这家日本汽车巨头还与四川蜀道投资集团及蜀道装备科技签署了一项价值2.36亿元人民币的协议，成立一家氢燃料电池 合资企业。 4月23日，另一家日本知名汽车制造商日产携其全新电驱化车型亮相2025上海国际车展，同时启动了新的全球战略，制定全球各区域市场 策略、根据市场需求打造产品组合，加强与本土伙伴合作。 日产携其全新电驱化车型亮相2025上海国际 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report is that 49% of surveyed American companies consider China as one of their top three global investment destinations, despite ongoing operational challenges and a complex international environment [1][4][5] - The report indicates that 46% of member companies expect to achieve profitability in 2024, while 36% anticipate breaking even, and 18% are projected to incur losses [4] - A significant 95% of companies in the technology and R&D sectors believe that constructive US-China relations are crucial for their business operations [5] Group 2 - The report highlights that the percentage of companies designating China as their primary investment destination has decreased by 6 percentage points compared to the previous year [5] - In 2024, the Chinese government announced measures to promote foreign investment and improve the business environment, including the removal of restrictions on foreign investment in the manufacturing sector [5] - 33% of surveyed companies perceive an improvement in China's investment environment, an increase of 5 percentage points from the previous year [5] Group 3 - The report suggests that US policies must avoid unnecessary harm to companies reliant on integrated supply chains, warning against excessive decoupling and high tariffs that could disrupt the global trade system [6] - Data from the US Department of Commerce indicates that the number of US companies operating in China has steadily increased since the 2008 financial crisis, reaching 2,230 in 2022, which accounts for 5.5% of US companies' global investments [6] - US sales in China have shown stable growth post-pandemic, reaching $617.12 billion in 2022, representing 6.7% of global sales [6] Group 4 - During a recent roundtable meeting, foreign enterprises expressed their willingness to continue investing in China, citing the government's commitment to addressing challenges faced by foreign businesses and maintaining a stable and predictable foreign investment policy [7] - The meeting was attended by representatives from over 80 foreign enterprises and chambers of commerce, with officials from various Chinese government departments addressing the concerns raised by these companies [7]

点击上图 ▲立即报名 商务部召开外资企业圆桌会 4月 23日，标普全球公布的数据显示，美国4月Markit综合PMI初值51.2，为2023年12月以来的最低值，预期52，前值53。其中，新订单指数从 3月的53.3降至52.5；产出价格环比上涨，为去年3月以来的最高。美国4月Markit服务业PMI初值51.4，预期52.6，前值54.4。服务出口（包括 旅游及其他跨境服务）下降幅度为2023年1月以来最大，尤其显著抑制了需求增长。 4月 23日，商务部副部长兼国际贸易谈判副代表凌激主持召开外资企业圆桌会，就美加征关税给在华外资企业投资经营带来的影响与企业交流。 会议由中国外商投资企业协会主办，80余家外资企业和在华外国商会代表参会。财政部、商务部、海关总署、国家药监局有关司局负责人参会并 回应企业反映的问题诉求。 凌激表示，希望外资企业发出理性声音，坚定信心、克服困难、化危为机，共同战胜单边主义和保护主义。中国将继续扩大高水平对外开放，努 力保障产供链稳定畅通，推动解决外资企业问题诉求。与会企业代表表示，中国的外资政策持续、稳定、可预期，愿继续对华投资，深化互利合 作，共同应对挑战。（央视新闻） ｜点评｜ ...

Group 1 - The U.S. government's imposition of tariffs represents a declaration of war on the global trade system and a shock therapy to the post-World War II international order [1] - Europe faces a historical choice between continuing to be a pawn in U.S. geopolitical games or partnering with China to uphold multilateralism [1][4] - The concept of "strategic autonomy" in Europe is contradicted by its actions, revealing a collective unconscious that rationalizes U.S. hegemony [2] Group 2 - The U.S. tariffs could lead to significant export losses for Europe, particularly an estimated €85 billion for EU goods, highlighting the severe consequences of protectionism [3] - The trade relationship between China and Europe has grown substantially, with trade increasing from $2.4 billion to $780 billion and investments rising to nearly $260 billion, indicating a strong interdependence [3] - Europe must defend multilateralism rather than succumb to protectionism, as this could lead to innovation stagnation and missed opportunities for global supply chain leadership [3][4] Group 3 - A partnership between China and Europe could serve as a beacon for multilateralism, emphasizing cooperation over confrontation and shared prosperity [4] - The need for Europe to break free from the constraints of "thought steel stamps" is crucial for achieving true strategic autonomy [2][4] - The future of the world should not be monopolized by any single nation but should belong to all who believe in collaboration and openness [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the current global economic uncertainty, highlighting issues such as economic fragmentation and escalating trade tensions that disrupt global supply chains and financial markets, ultimately weakening global economic growth momentum [1] - The article stresses the importance of international cooperation to avoid a trajectory of "high friction, low trust" in the global economy, indicating that trade wars and unilateralism do not benefit any party involved [1] - China reaffirms its commitment to openness, support for free trade rules, and a multilateral trading system, aiming to promote inclusive economic globalization and maintain global economic and financial stability [1]

Group 1 - Concerns over Trump's "reciprocal tariffs" have led to a five-day sell-off of US Treasury bonds by global investors, indicating a significant decline in confidence towards dollar assets [1][3] - US Treasury Secretary Mnuchin attempted to downplay the impact of the recent sell-off, asserting that the Treasury has sufficient "policy tools" to address market volatility and imbalances [3] - Mnuchin highlighted an increase in foreign demand during recent auctions of 10-year and 30-year US Treasury bonds, suggesting that the sell-off is primarily due to institutional deleveraging rather than foreign sovereign entities [3] Group 2 - The visit of Spanish Prime Minister Sanchez to China is significant, as it aims to expand commercial cooperation between Spain and China, while also improving the overall EU-China relationship [4][6] - Sanchez's visit comes amid pressure from the US, which has warned against closer ties with China, yet he remains committed to strengthening relations, reflecting Spain's determination [6] - The trade volume between China and the EU was approximately $785.5 billion in 2014, surpassing the same period's trade volume between China and the US, indicating the importance of this relationship for economic development [6] Group 3 - During Sanchez's visit, discussions focused on bilateral relations, EU-China relations, and international issues, emphasizing mutual cooperation and the maintenance of multilateralism and free trade [7] - The increasing number of countries seeking cooperation with China highlights a shift in the international economic and political landscape, as Trump's tariff policies have led to isolation for the US [9] - The ongoing changes suggest that if the US continues its unilateral and protectionist policies, it may struggle to achieve its economic goals and further diminish its influence on the global stage [9]

美国东部时间4月23日，中国人民银行行长潘功胜在美国华盛顿特区出席二十国集团财长和央行行长会 议时表示，当前全球经济充满不确定性，经济碎片化和贸易紧张局势加剧，扰乱全球产业链供应链，引 发金融市场动荡，削弱全球经济增长动能，各方应加强合作，努力避免全球经济滑向"高摩擦、低信 任"的轨道。贸易战、关税战没有赢家，单边主义、保护主义没有出路，不符合任何一方利益。中国将 坚持对外开放，坚定支持自由贸易规则和多边贸易体制，推进普惠包容的经济全球化，维护全球经济和 金融稳定。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The global economy is currently facing significant uncertainty, characterized by fragmentation and escalating trade tensions, which disrupt global supply chains and financial markets, ultimately weakening economic growth momentum [1] Group 1: Global Economic Environment - The current global economic landscape is marked by increased uncertainty and fragmentation, leading to heightened trade tensions [1] - These tensions are causing disruptions in global supply chains and financial markets, contributing to a decline in global economic growth [1] Group 2: Policy Recommendations - There is a call for enhanced cooperation among nations to prevent the global economy from descending into a state of "high friction and low trust" [1] - The article emphasizes that trade wars and tariff conflicts yield no winners, and unilateralism and protectionism are not viable solutions [1] Group 3: China's Position - China reaffirms its commitment to openness and support for free trade rules and a multilateral trading system [1] - The country aims to promote inclusive economic globalization and maintain global economic and financial stability [1]

Core Viewpoint - The stability of global supply chains is crucial for a country's competitiveness and strategic security, necessitating a focus on risk management and connectivity to maintain stability in the current complex international landscape [1] Group 1: Global Supply Chain Risks - Global supply chains are complex networks involving multiple entities, industries, regions, and stages, making them susceptible to various influencing factors [1] - Current uncertainties affecting global supply chains include extreme weather, geopolitical conflicts, and public health events, which increase the risk of disruptions in key trade routes [1] - These disruptions lead to demand fluctuations and changes in market expectations, amplifying the impact on supply chain management complexity and operational costs [1] Group 2: Trade and Policy Challenges - The rise of unilateralism and trade protectionism has intensified global trade frictions, with some countries attempting to create closed and exclusive supply chain "circles" [1] - Such actions disrupt the order of global supply chains and increase intervention in supply chain dynamics [1] Group 3: Digital Technology Implications - While digital technology fosters closer cooperation among upstream and downstream supply chain entities, it also introduces digital security risks, digital barriers, and a lack of unified technical standards [1] - These issues result in information asymmetry between different stages of the supply chain, hindering efficient collaboration [1]

4月23日，第137届广交会第二期正式开幕迎客。数据显示，本届广交会第一期已有来自全球216个国家和地区的148585名境外采 购商到会，较第135届同期增长20.2%。美国滥施关税背景下，热热闹闹的广交会依然展现了中国的开放底色和外贸底气。 如果美国总统特朗普来一趟广交会 心情应该会很复杂 与此同时，4月22日，IMF发布最新一期《世界经济展望报告》，预计2025年美国经济增速将放缓至1.8%，在发达经济体中下调 幅度最大。 这都预示着美国"关税战"终将行不通。 人山人海的队伍 五湖四海的面孔 琳琅满目的展品 叫人眼花缭乱的新科技 都在述说着同一件事： "关税战"是一场注定失败的豪赌 2025年 全球单边主义逆风频吹 但作为"中国第一展"的广交会逆势上扬 参展企业首破3万家 来自200多个国家和地区的超20万名境外采购商预注册 首日参会的境外采购商超6.4万人 创历史同期新高 广交会就像个全球自由贸易的微雕模型 人们随时随地都在谈生意、谈生意、谈生意 有外商在麦当劳炫巨无霸时 也在迫不及待地商谈签约 在这里 你能看到美国关税政策终将失败的三个理由 理由一，美国摆脱中国制造很难 广交会线上展品达百万件 来往皆 ...