Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Gold: The government shutdown continues to affect liquidity [2]. - Silver: Oscillate and rebound [2]. - Copper: Inventory increases, and prices oscillate [2]. - Zinc: Range-bound oscillation [2]. - Lead: Overseas inventory continues to decrease, supporting prices [2]. - Tin: Pay attention to macro - impacts [2]. - Aluminum: Oscillate with a bullish bias [2]. - Alumina: Run weakly [2]. - Cast aluminum alloy: Follow electrolytic aluminum [2]. - Nickel: Smelting - end inventory accumulation suppresses, while mine - end uncertainties support [2]. - Stainless steel: Steel prices oscillate in a narrow range at low levels [2]. Summary by Related Catalogs Gold - **Price and Trading Volume**: The closing price of Shanghai Gold 2512 yesterday was 917.80, with a daily increase of 0.61%, and the night - session closing price was 915.24, with a night - session increase of 0.06%. The trading volume of Shanghai Gold 25122510 decreased by 99,677 compared to the previous day [4]. - **Inventory**: The inventory of Shanghai Gold was 87,816 kilograms, with no change from the previous day [4]. - **Macro and Industry News**: The Fed's December interest - rate cut is uncertain. This year's voting members are hesitant due to the government shutdown, and next year's voting members are more worried about inflation [4]. - **Trend Intensity**: Gold trend intensity is 0 [6]. Silver - **Price and Trading Volume**: The closing price of Shanghai Silver 2512 yesterday was 11,427, with a daily increase of 1.34%, and the night - session closing price was 11,359.00, with a night - session increase of 0.11%. The trading volume of Shanghai Silver 2512 increased by 3,201 compared to the previous day [4]. - **Inventory**: The inventory of Shanghai Silver decreased by 16,230 kilograms compared to the previous day [4]. - **Trend Intensity**: Silver trend intensity is - 1 [6]. Copper - **Price and Trading Volume**: The closing price of the Shanghai Copper main contract was 86,320, with a daily increase of 0.76%, and the night - session closing price was 85,690, with a night - session decrease of 0.73%. The trading volume of the Shanghai Copper index decreased by 72,044 compared to the previous day [8]. - **Inventory**: The inventory of Shanghai Copper increased by 1,332, and the inventory of London Copper increased by 500 [8]. - **Macro and Industry News**: The US October Challenger corporate lay - offs reached a 20 - year high. The Fed's December interest - rate cut direction is unclear. Chile's state - owned mining company ENAMI obtained environmental approval for a new $1.7 - billion copper smelter [8][10]. - **Trend Intensity**: Copper trend intensity is 0 [10]. Zinc - **Price and Trading Volume**: The closing price of the Shanghai Zinc main contract was 22,675, with a 0.11% increase. The trading volume of the Shanghai Zinc main contract decreased by 809 [11]. - **Inventory**: The inventory of Shanghai Zinc decreased by 401 tons, and the inventory of LME Zinc increased by 100 tons [11]. - **News**: The Fed's December interest - rate cut direction is unclear [11]. - **Trend Intensity**: Zinc trend intensity is 0 [11]. Lead - **Price and Trading Volume**: The closing price of the Shanghai Lead main contract was 17,430, with a 0.26% decrease. The trading volume of the Shanghai Lead main contract decreased by 2,244 [15]. - **Inventory**: The inventory of Shanghai Lead increased by 199 tons, and the inventory of LME Lead decreased by 3,100 tons [15]. - **News**: The US October Challenger corporate lay - offs reached a 20 - year high, and the Fed's December interest - rate cut direction is unclear [15]. - **Trend Intensity**: Lead trend intensity is 0 [15]. Tin - **Price and Trading Volume**: Similar to gold and silver price and trading - volume data are provided, such as the closing price and trading - volume changes of Shanghai Gold and Shanghai Silver [17]. - **Macro and Industry News**: The Fed's December interest - rate cut is uncertain, and the US October Challenger corporate lay - offs increased significantly [17][18]. - **Trend Intensity**: Tin trend intensity is 1 [19]. Aluminum, Alumina, and Cast Aluminum Alloy - **Price and Trading Volume**: The closing price of the Shanghai Aluminum main contract was 21,630, with a decrease of 235 compared to T - 1. The trading volume of the Shanghai Aluminum main contract decreased by 14,424 [21]. - **Inventory**: The domestic aluminum ingot social inventory was 607,000 tons, a decrease of 7,000 tons [21]. - **News**: The AI revolution accelerates the lay - off wave, and Dalio warns about the US economic situation [22]. - **Trend Intensity**: Aluminum trend intensity is 1, alumina trend intensity is - 1, and cast aluminum alloy trend intensity is 1 [22]. Nickel and Stainless Steel - **Price and Trading Volume**: The closing price of the Shanghai Nickel main contract was 119,750, a decrease of 280 compared to T - 1. The closing price of the stainless - steel main contract was 12,590, an increase of 55 [23]. - **News**: The Indonesian forestry working group took over a nickel - mining area, China suspended a non - official subsidy for imported copper and nickel from Russia, and Indonesia imposed sanctions on mining companies [23][24]. - **Trend Intensity**: Nickel trend intensity is 0, and stainless - steel trend intensity is 0 [25].

Report Industry Investment Rating - Aluminum: Oscillating with a bullish bias [1] - Alumina: Weakening [1] - Cast aluminum alloy: Following the trend of electrolytic aluminum [1] Core Viewpoints - The report updates the fundamental data of aluminum, alumina, and cast aluminum alloy, including prices, trading volumes, open interests, spreads, and inventory levels [1] - The trend intensities of aluminum, alumina, and aluminum alloy are 1, -1, and 1 respectively, indicating a bullish view on aluminum and aluminum alloy and a bearish view on alumina [2] Summary by Relevant Catalogs Futures Market - The closing price of the main contract of SHFE aluminum is 21,630, up 235 from the previous trading day [1] - The closing price of the main contract of SHFE alumina is 2,787, up 15 from the previous trading day [1] - The closing price of the main contract of aluminum alloy is 21,095, up 265 from the previous trading day [1] Spot Market - The average domestic alumina price is 2,879, down 2 from the previous trading day [1] - The CIF price of alumina at Lianyungang is 341 US dollars per ton, down 1 from the previous trading day [1] - The FOB price of Australian alumina is 317 US dollars per ton, down 1 from the previous trading day [1] Inventory - The domestic social inventory of aluminum ingots is 607,000 tons, down 7,000 tons from the previous trading day [1] - The warehouse receipts of aluminum ingots on the SHFE are 64,000 tons, down 200 tons from the previous trading day [1] - The LME aluminum inventory is 548,400 tons, down 2,100 tons from the previous trading day [1] Other Information - The US corporate lay - offs in October reached 153,074, a year - on - year increase of 175.3%, the highest level in 20 years [2] - Dalio believes that the Fed's potential return to QE in a market with a large bubble may lead to a repeat of the liquidity frenzy before the 1999 bubble burst [2]

Core Viewpoint - The current environment of quantitative easing (QE) is significantly different from previous instances, as it is being implemented during a time of high asset valuations and economic strength, potentially leading to a larger bubble rather than addressing a recession [3][8][12]. Group 1: Economic Context - Ray Dalio warns that the U.S. is in a dangerous phase of the "big debt cycle," where the supply of U.S. Treasury bonds exceeds demand, prompting the Federal Reserve to "print money" to purchase bonds [4][10]. - The current economic indicators show a relatively strong economy with a real GDP growth rate averaging 2% over the past year and an unemployment rate of 4.3% [8][9]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - Dalio emphasizes that QE creates liquidity and lowers real interest rates, which can inflate asset prices and widen the wealth gap between asset holders and non-holders [6][12]. - The transmission mechanism of QE is driven by relative attractiveness rather than absolute returns, influencing investor choices based on expected total returns [5][6]. Group 3: Risks and Implications - The implementation of QE in a high-valuation environment poses significant policy risks, as it may lead to a "liquidity melt-up" similar to the pre-burst of the 1999 internet bubble [11][12]. - Dalio predicts that the current policy mix of fiscal deficit expansion, renewed monetary easing, and regulatory relaxation will create a "super loose" environment that could exacerbate inflation and deepen risk accumulation [12][13].

Core Viewpoint - Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, warns that the Federal Reserve's decision to end quantitative tightening (QT) may be adding fuel to an already inflated bubble, rather than stimulating a depressed economy [1] Group 1: Current Economic Environment - The current environment of the Federal Reserve's easing policy coincides with high asset valuations and a relatively strong economy, which Dalio describes as "stimulus into a bubble" [1] - Dalio believes the U.S. "big debt cycle" has entered a dangerous phase, characterized by the Federal Reserve printing money to buy bonds when the supply of U.S. debt exceeds demand [2] - The current economic indicators show a strong economy with an average real growth rate of 2% over the past year and an unemployment rate of only 4.3% [6] Group 2: Quantitative Easing (QE) Mechanism - Dalio explains that the transmission mechanism of QE is driven by relative attractiveness rather than absolute attractiveness, influencing investor choices based on expected total returns [3] - The implementation of QE typically creates liquidity and lowers real interest rates, which can inflate asset prices and widen the wealth gap between asset holders and non-holders [3] Group 3: Historical Context of QE - Historically, QE has been deployed during economic downturns, characterized by falling asset valuations and high unemployment, contrasting sharply with the current high asset valuations and low unemployment [6][7] - Current asset valuations are high, with the S&P 500 earnings yield at 4.4% compared to a 10-year Treasury yield of 4%, indicating a low equity risk premium of about 0.3% [6] Group 4: Risks of Current Policies - Dalio warns that the current combination of fiscal expansion, monetary easing, and regulatory relaxation is creating a "super-easy" environment that may lead to a liquidity melt-up similar to the 1999 internet bubble [9] - The potential for inflation to become unmanageable increases as the Federal Reserve's balance sheet expands and interest rates are lowered while fiscal deficits remain large [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, warns that the Federal Reserve's decision to end quantitative tightening (QT) may be adding fuel to an already inflated bubble, rather than stimulating a depressed economy [1] Group 1: Current Economic Environment - The Fed's current easing policy is being implemented at a time of high asset valuations and relatively strong economic conditions, which Dalio describes as "stimulus into a bubble" [1] - The U.S. is in a dangerous phase of the "big debt cycle," characterized by a situation where the supply of U.S. Treasury bonds exceeds demand, leading the Fed to print money to purchase bonds [1][6] - Current asset valuations are high, with the S&P 500 earnings yield at 4.4% and the 10-year Treasury yield at approximately 4%, indicating a low equity risk premium of about 0.3% [4] Group 2: Quantitative Easing (QE) Mechanism - Dalio explains that all financial flows and market volatility are driven by relative attractiveness rather than absolute attractiveness, with investors choosing assets based on expected total returns [2] - The implementation of QE typically creates liquidity and lowers real interest rates, which can inflate asset prices and widen the wealth gap between asset holders and non-holders [2] Group 3: Historical Context of QE - Historically, QE has been deployed during economic downturns, characterized by falling asset valuations, economic contraction, and low inflation, contrasting sharply with the current high asset valuations and strong economic growth [4][5] - Current inflation is slightly above target at around 3%, with credit and liquidity conditions being robust, leading to a low credit spread [5] Group 4: Risks and Future Outlook - Dalio warns that the current policy environment appears more dangerous and inflationary, with potential for a "liquidity melt-up" similar to the pre-burst of the 1999 internet bubble [7] - The combination of fiscal deficit expansion, renewed monetary easing, and regulatory relaxation is creating a "super-easy" environment that may lead to faster bubble inflation and deeper risk accumulation [7] - Long-duration assets, particularly in technology and AI, along with inflation-hedging assets like gold, are expected to benefit from the current liquidity environment, but risks may escalate if inflation concerns resurface [7]

Group 1: Market Dynamics - The recent decline in US stocks is attributed to a combination of factors, including tightening liquidity and changing market sentiment, rather than solely liquidity issues[1] - The risk premium for US stocks has dropped to historical lows, indicating limited upside potential for the market[1] - The market correction is viewed as a profit-taking response following a series of positive developments, rather than a direct result of liquidity constraints[1] Group 2: Liquidity Conditions - The US Treasury's General Account (TGA) balance surged from $300 billion in July to $1 trillion in early November, reflecting increased debt issuance and reduced fiscal spending during the government shutdown[1] - The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has decreased from a peak of $9 trillion to $6.6 trillion, with bank reserves falling to $2.85 trillion, the lowest since 2021[2] - The overnight reverse repurchase agreement (ON-RRP) tool's balance is nearly exhausted, indicating a significant reduction in liquidity buffers[2] Group 3: Future Outlook - The likelihood of the government ending its shutdown around mid-November is considered high, which could lead to a release of funds back into the market[5] - If the government shutdown persists, further market adjustments may be necessary due to ongoing liquidity pressures[5] - Long-term solutions to liquidity issues may require a new round of quantitative easing (QE) alongside the increase in the debt ceiling[5]

Core Insights - The article argues that the true driver of the global economy is the US dollar, not institutions like the UN or IMF, and highlights a pattern of financial exploitation by the US over the past three decades [1] - It emphasizes that the US engages in financial manipulation rather than genuine economic development, leading to repeated crises in countries like China [1][14] Group 1: Historical Context - After the 2008 financial crisis, the US implemented significant quantitative easing (QE), injecting over 60% of new dollar liquidity into global markets, which caused commodity prices, including oil, to surge dramatically [3][5] - China, as the largest importer of raw materials and energy, was particularly affected by these price increases, leading to inflationary pressures [5][6] Group 2: Economic Impact - The influx of dollars led to "input-type inflation" in China, where local manufacturers faced rising costs while trying to compete in a global market dominated by US monetary policy [6][12] - The US's strategy of withdrawing liquidity through interest rate hikes and QE cessation resulted in a sharp decline in oil prices, adversely impacting exporting countries and leading to production overcapacity in China [8][14] Group 3: Dollar's Global Role - The dollar's status as the global reserve currency allows the US to dictate terms in international trade, particularly in commodities like oil, which must be purchased in dollars [10][12] - The US's financial maneuvers not only affect its own economy but also have significant repercussions for other nations, particularly those reliant on exports and foreign investment [12][16] Group 4: Strategic Implications - The article outlines a three-step process of financial exploitation by the US: first, through liquidity and commodity price manipulation; second, by compelling foreign entities to invest in US debt; and third, by leveraging this debt to gain influence over foreign infrastructure and policies [16] - The US's military presence and financial dominance serve as a strategic tool to maintain its economic hegemony, effectively isolating nations that challenge its authority [16][18] Group 5: Future Considerations - The article concludes that China must reassess its economic strategies and not solely focus on GDP growth, as financial warfare poses a significant threat to its industrial base [18][20] - It advocates for a shift towards reclaiming economic sovereignty and reducing dependency on the US dollar to prevent future crises [20]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry or Company Involved - The discussion primarily revolves around the Federal Reserve's monetary policy and its implications for the U.S. economy and financial markets. Core Points and Arguments 1. **Federal Reserve's Stance on Interest Rates** Multiple Federal Reserve officials expressed opposition to interest rate cuts, with Chairman Powell's hawkish comments leading to a decrease in market expectations for a rate cut in December. This reflects the Fed's cautious approach towards inflation and the labor market [1][2] 2. **Market Reactions to Fed Policies** Following the Fed's hawkish signals, the U.S. dollar index rose to 99.7, marking its highest level since August 1. Additionally, U.S. Treasury yields increased significantly, indicating that the market has incorporated the Fed's signals into trading strategies [2][3] 3. **U.S. Trade Deficit and Dollar Strength** The U.S. trade deficit has returned to normal levels, alleviating some of the downward pressure on the dollar experienced earlier in the year. If the trade deficit does not expand significantly in the future, the dollar is expected to receive support [3][4] 4. **Fed's Policy Adjustments** The Fed announced it would halt the monthly reduction of $5 billion in Treasury securities and continue to reinvest maturing principal. This shift aims to ease market concerns about tightening liquidity and to adjust the average duration of its asset portfolio [4][5] 5. **Potential for Quantitative Easing (QE)** The likelihood of the Fed restarting QE is low unless interest rates fall to zero. Current high-interest rates provide sufficient room for rate cuts, making a return to QE unlikely in the near term [6] 6. **Liquidity Intervention Indicators** The difference between Sofra and IORB rates can indicate whether the Fed might intervene in liquidity. A widening spread suggests tightening liquidity, which has been a factor in the Fed's decision to stop balance sheet reduction [7] 7. **Market Response to U.S.-China Agreement** Following the recent U.S.-China agreement, U.S. stock markets reacted mildly while Hong Kong stocks declined. This response is attributed to the agreement's content being largely anticipated and not addressing fundamental issues such as trade imbalances [8][9] Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content - The Fed's transition from MBS to T-Bills is seen as a return to traditional monetary policy operations, which may help stabilize market expectations and reduce government financing costs in a high-interest environment [5]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve's transition from a shrinking balance sheet to a liquidity stabilizing anchor marks a key point in the normalization of monetary policy in the post-pandemic era [1] Summary by Sections Federal Reserve's Balance Sheet Management - The Federal Reserve announced the end of its quantitative tightening (QT) plan effective December 1, 2025, ceasing the active reduction of its securities holdings [1] - The total assets of the Federal Reserve stood at $6.54 trillion as of October 22, 2025, down from a peak of $8.96 trillion in April 2022, maintaining a ratio of approximately 22% of nominal GDP [1] QT Process Review - QT began on June 1, 2022, amid the highest inflation since December 1981, with a maximum monthly reduction of $95 billion in liquidity from the financial system [2] - The pace of QT was adjusted multiple times, with the monthly reduction slowing to approximately $38.5 billion by April 2025 [2] Balance Sheet Structure - The holdings of U.S. Treasury securities decreased from a peak of $5.77 trillion in 2022 to $4.20 trillion by October 2025, while MBS holdings fell from $2.74 trillion to $2.07 trillion [3] - Significant interruptions in the QT process occurred during the banking crises in March 2023 and due to seasonal tax payments in January 2025 [3] Monetary Market Pressure Signals - Key indicators in the monetary market showed stress, including a significant drop in the Federal Reserve's overnight reverse repurchase agreement (ON RRP) balance, which fell from $2.55 trillion to $219 billion [4] - The effective federal funds rate (EFFR) and interest on excess reserves (IOER) spread widened, indicating increased volatility in short-term financing markets [4] Policy Adjustment Details - The FOMC unanimously agreed to end QT, with a focus on reinvesting the principal payments from maturing securities into short-term T-bills [6] - The Federal Reserve aims to align its balance sheet with banking reserve needs and nominal GDP growth, indicating a shift towards a more dynamic management approach [6] Impact of Reinvestment on Liquidity - The end of QT allows for the reinjection of funds into the financial system, which is expected to lower long-term interest rates and improve liquidity conditions [7] - The reinvestment strategy is projected to lead to a monthly balance sheet expansion of $25 billion to $35 billion due to the natural reduction of MBS holdings [8] Bond Market Reaction - The bond market reacted swiftly to the end of QT, with a notable decline in the yields of 10-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury securities [9] - The narrowing of swap spreads indicates a renewed interest in trading strategies that bet on the convergence of Treasury yields and swap rates [9] Mortgage and Corporate Financing - The housing market is expected to benefit from declining long-term interest rates, with forecasts suggesting a drop in 30-year fixed mortgage rates [10] - Corporate financing conditions are improving, with a significant increase in investment-grade corporate bond issuance and a reduction in high-yield bond spreads [11] Currency and Bitcoin Trends - The U.S. dollar weakened significantly following the announcement, with the dollar index experiencing its largest single-day drop since July 2024 [12] - Bitcoin's price showed volatility post-announcement, reflecting mixed market sentiment regarding future liquidity conditions [13] Policy Framework Adjustment - The end of QT signifies a deeper evolution in the Federal Reserve's monetary policy framework, moving towards a model that adjusts reserves in line with economic activity [14] - Economic data supports a cautious easing path, with expectations of potential interest rate cuts in 2026 [14] 2025 Outlook - The Federal Reserve's balance sheet is expected to stabilize around $6.54 trillion until the end of 2025, with a potential shift to net purchases of Treasury securities in early 2026 [15] - The overall liquidity improvement is anticipated to positively impact various sectors, including real estate and small business financing, while putting pressure on the dollar [15]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve's current monetary policies, including quantitative easing (QE) and quantitative tightening (QT), are criticized for failing to effectively inject liquidity into the economy and instead altering the quality of collateral in the financial system [2][3][5]. Group 1: Federal Reserve Policies - The Federal Reserve should cease both QE and QT, returning to a more traditional approach to monetary policy as seen post-World War II [3][5]. - There is concern that the Fed is incentivizing banks not to lend by paying interest on excess reserves, which could be better utilized in the economy [3][4]. - The reverse repo program is viewed as a confusing mechanism that does not effectively control short-term interest rates [4][5]. Group 2: Market Signals and Trends - Credit markets are currently stable, with no immediate concerns about price-to-earnings (PE) implosion [6]. - The yield curve is flattening, indicating a healthy demand for U.S. Treasuries [6]. - Foreign investment in U.S. assets is at a high, countering fears about the dollar's decline [7]. Group 3: Economic Outlook - There is a belief that productivity and a resurgence in the U.S. economy will strengthen the dollar [8]. - Current market conditions are not comparable to the irrational exuberance of the 1990s, as earnings are moving in tandem with share prices [9]. - The potential for capital expenditures (capex) to be 100% tax-deductible until January 2031 is seen as a catalyst for market growth [10]. Group 4: Leadership and Legacy - The current leadership of the Federal Reserve, particularly Jerome Powell, is viewed as disappointing, raising questions about the constitutionality of the Fed's actions [11].