2026年开年，人民币汇率市场延续强势行情，人民币中间价、在岸及离岸人民币对美元即期汇率均强势"破 7"。其中，1月27日，离岸人民币对美元盘中更是升破6.93。 图：美元兑中国离岸人民币走势图 此番人民币汇率走强，并非单一因素驱动，而是政策引导、季节性因素、美元贬值与出口企业售汇行为形成的 多重利好共振。在这一背景下，人民币汇率的后续走势，成为外汇市场与全球投资者关注的焦点。 特朗普"悠悠球论"引发美元抛售潮 从外部环境来看，美元的持续走弱为人民币升值打开了充足空间，成为人民币走强的核心推手之一。 美国全国广播公司（NBC）1月28日报道称，自特朗普2025年挑起全球关税战以来，美元便一直在走下坡路。 尽管股市在关税引发的市场动荡后，已经有所回升，但美元却未能收复失地。去年，美元指数下跌9%，录得 自2017年以来表现最差的一年。 美元的持续下跌却让美国总统特朗普感到满意。本周二，特朗普表示，"美元表现很好，我不担心其下跌"，并 称"美元可以像悠悠球一样波动"，认为当前美元正在回归"合理水平"。特朗普还批评日本试图压低本币，"日 本一直都想让货币贬值"。 首先，从宏观层面来看，国内经济基本面的稳步修复与政策 ...

Group 1: Exchange Settlement Overview - The estimated "pending settlement" amount for enterprises is approximately $930 billion, accumulated from early 2022 to November 2025[1] - The willingness of export enterprises to settle foreign exchange is expected to improve in 2025 due to the RMB entering an appreciation cycle and strong performance of Chinese financial assets[1] - By the end of 2026, if 20% of the pending settlement is realized, it could lead to an increase in M1 by approximately 1.3 trillion RMB, contributing about 1.2 percentage points to M1 growth[1] Group 2: Impact on Liquidity and Market - Enterprise settlement essentially converts foreign exchange assets into RMB deposits, affecting the balance sheets of central banks, commercial banks, and enterprises[1] - The relationship between M1 growth and PPI typically shows that M1 growth leads PPI growth by 2-3 quarters, but the current M1 increase may have limited impact on PPI due to insufficient effective demand[1] - High-risk enterprises may channel some of the funds from settlements into the stock market, potentially providing incremental capital to the A-share market[1] Group 3: Risks and Considerations - Risks include domestic policy effectiveness falling short of expectations, potential data distortion from third-party sources, and the possibility of measurement deviations[1] - The analysis indicates that while M1 growth is expected, its direct influence on corporate profitability may be limited due to the different driving factors compared to previous cycles[1]

Core Viewpoint - In recent years, Chinese export enterprises have shown a clear tendency to "hold foreign exchange without settling." Starting from early 2025, as the RMB enters an appreciation cycle and Chinese assets are revalued, the willingness of enterprises to settle foreign exchange is expected to rebound. The recent RMB exchange rate against the USD has broken through 7.0, and mainstream expectations suggest that the RMB will continue to appreciate, further stimulating enterprises' settlement sentiment and positively impacting liquidity and the market [2][3][12]. Group 1: Settlement Willingness and Scale - The "pending settlement" scale for enterprises is approximately $930 billion, with an expected increase in settlement willingness by 2025. From early 2022 to November 2025, export enterprises accumulated $930 billion in foreign exchange that has not been settled [3][7]. - The settlement rate, which measures the proportion of foreign exchange that enterprises actively convert to RMB, is a good indicator of their willingness to settle. A higher settlement rate indicates stronger willingness [8][10]. - Since early 2025, the settlement rate has improved significantly, rising from a low of 54.4% in February 2025 to a high of 71.2% in September 2025, indicating a shift from "holding foreign exchange" to "steady settlement" [10][11]. Group 2: Factors Influencing Settlement Willingness - Two main factors influence enterprises' willingness to settle: expectations regarding the RMB exchange rate and the comparative returns of holding different currencies. When enterprises expect the RMB to appreciate, they are more inclined to settle early to avoid exchange losses [11][13]. - The attractiveness of RMB assets has increased due to favorable developments in sectors like innovative pharmaceuticals and effective responses to trade tensions, which have boosted risk appetite and improved the performance of Chinese financial assets [13][14]. Group 3: Impact on Liquidity and Market - The settlement of foreign exchange essentially converts foreign assets into RMB deposits, impacting the balance sheets of the central bank, commercial banks, and enterprises. However, the effect on the base currency supply is minimal if commercial banks do not sell the foreign exchange to the central bank [15][20]. - If 20% of the pending settlement is realized by the end of 2026, it could lead to an increase in M1 by approximately 1.3 trillion RMB, contributing about 1.2 percentage points to M1 growth [24][27]. - The increase in M1 is expected to have limited impact on PPI due to insufficient effective demand, and some high-risk enterprises may channel funds into the stock market, providing incremental capital to A-shares [27][28][31].

Core Viewpoint - The offshore RMB has strengthened against the USD, breaking the 7.0 threshold for the first time since September 2024, primarily due to the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts and other supportive factors [1]. Group 1: Currency Exchange Rate - On December 25, the offshore RMB to USD exchange rate was reported at 6.9999, with an intraday high of 6.9981 [1]. - The recent appreciation of the RMB is attributed to the Federal Reserve's decision to lower the federal funds rate target range to 3.5%-3.75% on December 10, marking the sixth rate cut of the year [1]. Group 2: Trade and Economic Factors - China's trade surplus exceeded 1 trillion USD for the first 11 months of the year, contributing to the RMB's strength [1]. - The end-of-year demand for corporate foreign exchange settlements and reduced currency intervention policies have also supported the RMB's appreciation [1]. Group 3: Market Reactions - The breaking of the 7.0 threshold has triggered a wave of foreign exchange settlements among export companies and cross-border e-commerce sellers, with many considering it an opportune time to settle before the Spring Festival [1]. - Large enterprises are utilizing foreign exchange hedging tools to mitigate currency risk [1]. Group 4: Future Predictions - Analysts predict that the RMB may continue to appreciate moderately, potentially reaching a level of 6.7 by the end of 2026 [1].

Core Insights - The offshore RMB has officially broken the "7" mark against the USD for the first time since October 2024, indicating a significant shift in the currency's trend [1][2] - The recent appreciation of the RMB is attributed to both external factors, such as the Federal Reserve's monetary policy shift, and strong internal economic fundamentals [3] External Factors - The Federal Reserve's recent interest rate cuts have led to a weakening of the USD, contributing to the RMB's rise [3] - The RMB's appreciation is also supported by China's economic resilience, with a notable trade surplus exceeding $1 trillion in the first eleven months of the year [4] Corporate Impact - Importing companies benefit from the RMB's appreciation, as it reduces procurement costs. For instance, a large manufacturing firm estimates saving 10 million RMB monthly due to favorable exchange rates [5] - Conversely, export-oriented companies face pressure on profit margins due to the stronger RMB, necessitating a reassessment of order feasibility [5] - Over 30 A-share companies have announced plans to engage in foreign exchange hedging to mitigate risks associated with currency fluctuations [5] Consumer Impact - The appreciation of the RMB has tangible benefits for consumers, particularly for families planning to study abroad, as it reduces the cost of tuition significantly [6] - Travel and shopping costs for overseas consumers are also decreasing, enhancing the affordability of international experiences [7] Policy Stance - Financial regulatory bodies emphasize maintaining the RMB's stability at a reasonable level, with recent meetings reinforcing the need for market resilience and preventing excessive fluctuations [8] Future Outlook - Market analysts express cautious optimism regarding the RMB's future, with expectations of continued strength in the short term [9] - Predictions for 2026 suggest a moderate appreciation trend, with estimates indicating the RMB could approach the 6.9 mark by year-end [9]

Group 1 - The offshore RMB against the USD recently broke the 7.0 mark, reaching a 15-month high, indicating a strong upward trend for the RMB in the near future [1] - The rise in the RMB is supported by China's strong manufacturing competitiveness and technological capabilities, highlighted by advancements in AI and robotics [2][3] - The narrowing of the interest rate differential between China and the US, with the Fed expected to cut rates more frequently than the PBOC, is contributing to reduced capital outflow pressure and a stronger RMB outlook [3] Group 2 - The appreciation of the RMB is expected to boost the A-share market, as foreign capital inflows are likely to increase, driving asset appreciation [5] - Historical trends show that the A-share market often rises alongside the RMB, with significant gains observed during previous RMB appreciation periods [5] - Foreign investment firms are optimistic about the A-share market, predicting continued growth in corporate earnings and stock performance in 2026 [5]

Core Viewpoint - The offshore RMB has surpassed the 7.0 mark against the USD for the first time in 2024, reaching a high of 6.9985, while the onshore RMB also broke the 7.01 threshold, marking a new high since September 27, 2024 [1][2]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - The 7.0 level is a significant "watershed" for the RMB exchange rate, causing market participants to hold their breath as it approaches [2]. - The short-term probability of the RMB breaking 7 is high, but sustaining below this level in the long term faces multiple uncertainties [3]. - The recent RMB appreciation is attributed to a combination of factors that have been building up over time [4]. Group 2: External Influences - The weakening of the USD index has created favorable external conditions, with the Federal Reserve entering a rate-cutting cycle since September, reducing rates by a total of 75 basis points this year [5][8]. - The expectation of continued rate cuts by the Federal Reserve has led to a significant drop in the USD index, facilitating the appreciation of the RMB and other non-USD currencies [8]. Group 3: Domestic Factors - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has adopted a relaxed stance towards the RMB's appreciation, allowing the currency to strengthen without intervention, as indicated by the adjustment of the counter-cyclical factor to a positive value [9][11]. - Year-end corporate foreign exchange settlements have contributed to the RMB's appreciation, as companies convert their foreign earnings into RMB [12][13]. Group 4: Economic Context - The current RMB appreciation reflects a broader struggle for "pricing power" and "game rules" in the global market, with the U.S. attempting to reverse its industrial hollowing through protectionist measures [16][17]. - China's response has been to avoid excessive competition and allow the RMB to appreciate, thereby shifting costs to Western economies [18][21]. - The recent trade surplus exceeding $1 trillion for the first 11 months of the year indicates China's strong export performance amid these dynamics [18]. Group 5: Strategic Implications - The current RMB appreciation is seen as a strategic move by the state to prepare for manufacturing upgrades, although there may be measures to control rapid appreciation in the short term [21][22].

Core Viewpoint - The recent appreciation of the Chinese yuan against the US dollar has led to negative returns for dollar deposits, impacting individuals and families with foreign currency holdings [2][3][6]. Group 1: Currency Exchange Trends - The offshore yuan has shown a significant upward trend against the US dollar, with the exchange rate reaching 7.3368 by December 31, 2024 [1]. - Since November 21, the yuan has been steadily rising from around 7.11, with expectations of breaking the 7 mark increasing [6]. - The yuan's appreciation is attributed to a combination of external pressures easing, internal economic resilience, and market expectations shifting [7]. Group 2: Impact on Individuals and Families - Individuals holding dollar deposits have experienced losses due to the yuan's appreciation, with one case showing a loss of 1,033 yuan on an 8,400 dollar deposit [2]. - Families with children studying abroad benefit from the yuan's strength, as it reduces the cost of tuition and living expenses in foreign currencies [3][8]. Group 3: Market Implications - The appreciation of the yuan is expected to positively influence the Chinese stock and bond markets, enhancing the attractiveness of yuan-denominated assets [8]. - Increased demand for yuan due to seasonal currency exchange needs from businesses is contributing to the currency's strength [7].

Core Viewpoint - The recent appreciation of the Renminbi (RMB) against the US dollar is attributed to the weakening of the US dollar index and increased demand for currency exchange by enterprises as the year-end approaches, which may enhance the attractiveness of China's capital markets to foreign investors [1][3]. Group 1: Currency Exchange Rate Movements - On December 25, the People's Bank of China announced that the central parity rate of the RMB against the US dollar was set at 7.0392, a significant increase of 79 basis points from the previous trading day [1]. - The RMB's central parity rate had already risen by 52 basis points on December 24, marking the highest appreciation since September 30, 2024 [1]. - The offshore RMB hit a low of 7.0032 against the US dollar, while the onshore RMB also fell to 7.0133, indicating a strong upward trend towards the "7.0" threshold [1]. Group 2: Factors Influencing RMB Strength - The RMB's strength in December is primarily driven by two factors: the weakening of the US dollar index, which fell below 100 due to market expectations of continued interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve in 2026, and increased seasonal demand for currency exchange from enterprises as the year-end approaches [1][3]. - The recent appreciation of the RMB has also boosted market sentiment, further pushing up the RMB's value [1]. Group 3: Implications for Trade and Investment - The appreciation of the RMB is expected to increase foreign exchange gains for foreign investors, thereby enhancing confidence in the domestic capital market [3]. - For foreign trade enterprises, the recent RMB appreciation may reduce exchange profits for exporters while lowering costs for importers [3]. - Experts advise foreign trade companies to avoid betting on a one-sided RMB exchange rate trend and to utilize foreign exchange derivatives to manage exchange rate risks effectively [3]. Group 4: Regulatory Outlook and Future Expectations - The financial regulatory authorities have maintained a clear stance on stabilizing the exchange rate, emphasizing the importance of keeping the RMB at a reasonable and balanced level [3][4]. - The market anticipates that the RMB may continue to approach the 7.0 threshold in the short term, with a possibility of temporarily breaking below it, but a sustained one-sided appreciation is not expected in the medium to long term [3][4].

Group 1 - The core driving factors for the recent appreciation of the offshore RMB against the USD include a shift in economic focus towards domestic demand and consumption, significant gold purchases by the central bank, and a weakening USD due to market conditions [1][4][5] - The offshore RMB has seen a strong upward trend, breaking the 7.0 mark against the USD, reaching 6.9999, the highest since October 2024, with onshore RMB also surpassing 7.02 [1][2] - The appreciation trend began in late November 2025, with onshore and offshore RMB appreciating over 900 and 1000 basis points respectively, with annual appreciation rates of 3.7% and 4.4% [4][5] Group 2 - The international metal market has experienced a surge in prices, with spot gold exceeding $4500 per ounce, silver above $70 per ounce, and copper reaching $12000 per ton, all setting historical peaks [2] - Domestic exporters are increasingly converting their foreign currency receipts into RMB immediately upon arrival, indicating a shift in behavior due to currency fluctuations [2][5] Group 3 - The appreciation of the RMB is expected to benefit several industries, particularly the non-ferrous metals sector, which is closely tied to price movements and performance in the context of global liquidity [9] - Import-dependent industries such as paper manufacturing, aviation, and oil refining will also benefit from the RMB appreciation, as it reduces costs for raw materials priced in USD [11][12][16] - Financial institutions, including banks and brokerages, are likely to see increased opportunities due to foreign capital inflows and the appreciation of RMB-denominated assets [16] Group 4 - The appreciation of the RMB may put pressure on export-oriented industries, which will need to find ways to balance profit margins amid rising costs and competitive pricing challenges [18] - Key sectors to watch include non-ferrous metals and paper manufacturing, which are expected to resonate positively with the appreciation and price increases, while consumer and pharmaceutical sectors may also attract foreign investment [18]