流动性缺口

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7月流动性月报:财政扰动或集中在后半月-20250710
Huachuang Securities· 2025-07-10 07:42
债券研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 【债券周报】 财政扰动或集中在后半月 ——7 月流动性月报 综合资金缺口看,刚性因素中,7 月一般存款小月,释放的准备金规模或在 1388 亿元附近,货币发行或小幅消耗流动性 705 亿元左右,非金融机构存款小幅补 充 215 亿元;工具到期方面,1.2 万亿的买断式逆回购到期,与 6 月规模接近, 其中 3M 到期 7000 亿元,6M 到期 5000 亿元,MLF 到期量在 3000 亿元,规 模较上月小幅抬升,若资金压力增大,或依旧是延续超额续作的思路。财政因 素中,税期大月以及政府债券发行规模不小,政府存款对于流动性的冻结或在 9000 亿元附近,高于去年水平。合计 7 月流动性缺口在 2.4 万亿附近,整体资 金缺口压力或处于季节性偏大水平。 7 月初资金小幅宽松后向上收敛,存单定价下行受阻,后续扰动逐渐放大,资 金宽松空间或有限。7 月初资金扰动边际减小,DR007 或向 1.4%附近修复; DR001 基本在 OMO 利率偏下,大行融出修复至季节性高位;不过,在央行对 于"防止资金空转"以及"长端收益率走势"依然有关注度的情况下,预计资 金价格大幅宽松的空间或也 ...
央行呵护市场流动性 6月份资金面或延续平稳
Zheng Quan Ri Bao· 2025-06-03 16:14
中国人民银行(以下简称"央行")发布消息称,6月3日,中国人民银行以固定利率、数量招标方式开展了 4545亿元7天期逆回购操作,操作利率为1.40%,鉴于当日有8300亿元逆回购到期,故公开市场实现净 回笼3755亿元。 回顾刚刚过去的5月份,国金证券固收首席分析师尹睿哲告诉《证券日报》记者,央行5月份通过7天期 逆回购操作小规模净回笼152亿元,1年期MLF(中期借贷便利)依然增量续作3750亿元,买断式逆回购净 回笼2000亿元。同时,5月7日央行宣布降息0.1个百分点、降准0.5个百分点,释放约1万亿元流动性。合 计来看,虽然5月份逆回购、MLF操作释放流动性不算太多,但结合降准来看,央行呵护资金面的态度 不改,资金面进一步宽松。 尹睿哲认为,预计6月份政府债净融资规模约为9630亿元,较5月份的1.49万亿元明显回落。其他流动性 缺口方面,6月份是财政支出大月,将对资金面形成一定支撑,货币发行和缴准则小幅消耗流动性。若 不考虑6月份将到期的1820亿元MLF、1.2万亿元买断式逆回购及央行对应的公开市场操作规模,在半年 末财政支出支撑下,6月份流动性缺口将较5月份收窄,资金面压力不大。在流动性缺口较小 ...
债券聚焦|数据验证期兼政策窗口期?
中信证券研究· 2025-05-05 07:59
文 | 明明 赵诣 丘远航 4月利率在关税落地后快速下行,而后低位震荡。展望5月,需关注外需冲击是否将在外贸数据层 面显现,而政府债发行提速阶段或是降准等货币政策工具的观察期。我们预计5月市场存在一定流 动性缺口,但幅度可控。总的来看,当前收益率曲线较为平坦,我们判断5月先牛陡后牛平的概率 更大。 ▍ 4月债市复盘:关税落地,宽幅下行后低位震荡。 4月特朗普政府关税措施落地后,股市大跌而长债利率快速下行,事后来看债市主要交易外需冲 击、倒逼宽货币发力以及股市走弱等预期。为应对关税冲击,央行对降准降息等宽货币工具表述 较为积极,不过4月并无实质性总量宽货币操作落地。伴随市场对关税反应钝化、股市稳步修复 而政策面变量相对稳健,1 0Y国债利率4月剩余时段基本稳定在1 . 6 5%附近小幅震荡为主。 ▍ 经济修复韧性待观察,关注宏观政策发力方向。 回顾4月公布的各项基本面数据,虽然通胀、金融数据成色一般,但2 5Q1经济增速好于预期。4 月政治局会议对宏观政策定调"更加积极有为",货币政策则是延续了"适度宽松"的基调,工具层 面聚焦结构性工具。高频数据方面,地产磨底尚未改善,宽信用修复进度料将缓慢。我们预计债 市短 ...
固定收益点评:5月资金面怎么看?
Guohai Securities· 2025-04-27 14:02
Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core View of the Report The report predicts a 385.3 billion yuan liquidity gap in May 2025, mainly due to a significant month - on - month increase in government debt net financing. Despite the large gap, considering the central bank's positive attitude towards maintaining the money market, the money market interest rate is expected to remain loose in May. The DR007 central rate is expected to decline, driving down short - term bond yields [6][21][26]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 5 - Month Liquidity Gap Prediction Analysis - **Factor 1: Government Debt Issuance and Fund Allocation** - In May, the net financing scale of government debt is expected to increase significantly compared to April, with a potential impact on the money market. The estimated net financing scale of national debt in May is 609.3 billion yuan, a 343.6 - billion - yuan increase from April, and the proportion of ultra - long national debt issuance may rise. The estimated new local debt in May is 516.7 billion yuan, a 263.3 - billion - yuan increase from April. The total government debt supply scale in May may reach 1.13 trillion yuan, a 606.9 - billion - yuan increase from April [8][10]. - **Factor 2: Regular Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure** - Historically, May is usually a month of fiscal net expenditure, but the scale is small. Excluding the impact of "tax refund for excess input VAT" in 2022, the average net fiscal expenditure from 2020 - 2021 and 2023 - 2024 was 11.57 billion yuan, which is used to estimate the fiscal net income in May 2025 and will supplement the money market [14]. - **Factor 3: Credit Delivery** - May is not a peak month for credit delivery, so the impact on liquidity consumption is small. Given the improvement in credit delivery indicated by the increase in the six - month national and joint - stock bank bill transfer discount rate in late April and the high year - on - year growth rate of "deposits subject to reserve requirements" in March 2025, it is assumed that the growth rate will drop to 6.5% in May, and the required reserve for deposits will increase by 7.22 billion yuan, supplementing the corresponding liquidity [17][18]. - **Factor 4: Changes in M0 and Foreign Exchange Holdings** - After the May Day holiday, residents' cash flows back to the banking system, and historically, the M0 scale in May usually decreases month - on - month, supplementing 9.76 billion yuan of liquidity. The change in foreign exchange holdings in May is assumed to be the average of the previous three months, with a potential consumption of 6.39 billion yuan of liquidity [20]. - **Summary** - After comprehensive calculation of the above four factors, there is expected to be a 385.3 - billion - yuan liquidity gap in May 2025, mainly due to the significant month - on - month increase in government debt net financing [21]. Outlook on Short - Term Bonds - The central bank's positive attitude towards maintaining the money market can be observed from two aspects: the decline in the money market interest rate near the end of April, indicating low cross - month pressure; and the 50 - billion - yuan net MLF injection in April, a significant increase from before. - The Politburo meeting on April 25 proposed "timely reserve requirement ratio cuts and interest rate cuts" and other measures. It is expected that monetary policy will cooperate, the money market will remain loose, the DR007 central rate will decline, and short - term bond yields will follow suit [22][24][26].
债市启明|3月流动性展望:银行负债压力何时缓解
中信证券研究· 2025-03-04 00:10
我们测算,完全排除MLF以及逆回购到期的因素,3月流动性缺口较2月将大幅收窄,资金面有望 迎来边际改善。但考虑到财政支出通常在月末,且银行负债端压力仍存,因此月内资金情况的关键 仍将取决于央行态度。两会对于政策的定调以及3月央行货币政策的使用情况都应重点观察、持续 跟踪。 ▍ 3月流动性缺口观测:缺口较2月将大幅收窄。 ①政府债供给压力仍存,参考部分省市公布的地方债发行计划以及历史国债发行规律,预计3月 政府债整体净融资约11 0 0 0亿元;②3月财政收支差额预计- 1 2 0 0 0亿元;③M0回流,缴准压力微 增。综上,我们测算,完全排除MLF以及逆回购到期的因素, 3月流动性缺口较2月将大幅收 窄,资金面有望迎来边际改善。 ▍ 3月关注:银行负债压力何时缓解 。 文 | 明明 章立聪 史雨洁 杨宏宇 本资料定位为"投资信息参考服务",而非具体的"投资决策服务",并不涉及对具体证券或金融工具在具体价位、具体时点、具体市场表现的判 断。需特别关注的是(1)本资料的接收者应当仔细阅读所附的各项声明、信息披露事项及风险提示,关注相关的分析、预测能够成立的关键 假设条件 关注投资评级和证券目标价格的预测时间周期 ...
深度 | 紧资金,何时休?——3月流动性展望【财通宏观•陈兴团队】
陈兴宏观研究· 2025-03-03 15:00
核 心 观 点 年初以来,资金面维持紧平衡状态,尤其是短端利率明显抬升。那么,一季度政府债供给还剩多少?3月流动 性缺口有多大?资金面后续会改善么? 政府债供给多少? 国债方面, 参考1-2月同类型国债单只发行规模,我们预计3月国债或将发行1.4万亿元,考 虑7122亿元的到期量,国债净融资规模或近6500亿元。 地方债方面, 我们预计3月地方政府新增债和普通再融 资债规模分别为4100亿元和4200亿元;今年特殊再融资债发行进度已近半,3月特殊再融资债发行规模或约 4500亿元,则地方债发行总规模近1.3万亿元,净融资规模约1.2万亿元。 总的来看,我们预计3月国债和地方 债发行分别约1.4万亿元和1.3万亿元,政府债净融资规模合计超1.8万亿元。 资金面会改善么? 从资金供需的角度看,3月政府债净供给规模较高,缴准规模增长也对流动性构成扰动,而 提现回流对流动性有一定补充,在排除逆回购和MLF到期因素的情况下, 我们预计3月流动性缺口约2600亿 元,资金面存在一定的压力。 往后看,"两会"后资金利率有望和往年类似趋于转松,央行净投放也将边际增 加,随着后续国债发行规模提升,政府债供需失衡或边际缓解。在政 ...