Financial Market Dynamics and Open Market Operations - The current target range for the federal funds rate is approaching a neutral level, with GDP forecasts for 2025 to 2027 similar to those prepared for the June meeting [1] - Almost all participants at the Federal Reserve's July meeting agreed that maintaining the benchmark interest rate in the range of 4.25% to 4.50% is appropriate [1] - The impact of tariffs is becoming more evident in commodity prices, but the overall effect on the economy and inflation remains to be seen [1] - The market perceives the overall U.S. economy as resilient, but financial markets are beginning to differentiate between individual companies based on earnings scale and quality [1] - Existing data shows that foreign holdings of U.S. assets remain relatively stable [1] - Reserves remain in a state of abundance [1] Economic Situation Assessment - Actual GDP growth in the first half of the year has been moderate, with the unemployment rate remaining low and consumer price inflation still slightly elevated [1] - Inflation appears to have stagnated, with tariffs exerting upward pressure on commodity price inflation [1] - The labor market remains robust [1] Financial Situation Assessment - The U.S. financial system is still described as "significantly" fragile, with asset valuation pressures remaining high [1] - Vulnerabilities related to non-financial corporate and household debt are characterized as "moderate," with household debt to GDP ratio at its lowest level in the past 20 years and household balance sheets remaining strong [1] - The debt repayment capacity of listed companies remains strong [1] Economic Outlook - Commodity price increases are expected to be smaller and occur later than previously anticipated, with financial conditions expected to provide slightly stronger support for output growth [1] - The labor market is anticipated to weaken, with the unemployment rate expected to rise above the estimated natural rate by the end of this year and remain above it until 2027 [1] - Tariffs are expected to push inflation higher this year and provide further upward pressure on inflation in 2026, with inflation projected to decline to 2% by 2027 [1] - High uncertainty remains, primarily reflecting changes in economic policy and their related economic impacts [1] Current Economic Conditions and Outlook - Overall inflation remains slightly above the long-term target of 2%, but excluding tariff effects, inflation is close to the target [1] - Short-term inflation is expected to rise, with significant uncertainty regarding the impact of tariffs, which will take time to manifest in prices [1] - Current demand conditions limit companies' ability to pass tariff costs onto prices [1] - Long-term inflation expectations remain stable [1] - The unemployment rate remains low, with employment at or near maximum estimated levels [1] - Economic activity growth is expected to remain low in the second half of the year, with weakened housing demand, increased unsold homes, and declining home prices [1] - Uncertainty regarding the economic outlook remains high, emphasizing upward inflation risks and downward employment risks [1] - Concerns about the fragility of the U.S. Treasury market may increase demand for U.S. government bonds [1]

Group 1 - The overall core inflation is largely in line with the target set by the European Central Bank [1] - Most long-term inflation expectations are around 2% [1] - Labor costs are continuing to trend towards moderation [1] Group 2 - Wage growth is expected to further slow down [1] - The economic outlook faces downside risks [1]

欧洲央行行长拉加德：长期通胀预期仍维持在约2%。 ...

美联储理事沃勒：目前尚未看到长期通胀预期上升。 ...

招聘趋势比平时疲软。 我没有听到任何公司关于裁员的消息。 我不认为我们处于滞胀环境。 美国圣路易联储主席Musalem：长期通胀预期已得到锚定。 维持稳定的预期通胀至关重要。 劳动力供应似乎正在下降。 ...

美联储MUSALEM表示，美国长期通胀预期已得到锚定。 ...

美联储穆萨莱姆：长期通胀预期已经锚定。 ...

美联储主席鲍威尔：长期通胀预期与2%的目标保持一致。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell emphasized that avoiding persistent inflation ultimately depends on maintaining stable long-term inflation expectations [1] Group 1 - The importance of stable long-term inflation expectations in preventing sustained inflation was highlighted [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve Governor, Christopher Waller, indicates that unconventional indicators suggest the economy may be starting to slow down, while long-term inflation expectations remain stable [1] Group 1 - Unconventional indicators are signaling a potential economic slowdown [1] - Long-term inflation expectations are perceived to be stable despite the economic signals [1]