Group 1 - The manufacturing PMI for July recorded at 49.3%, a decrease of 0.4 percentage points, indicating a continued contraction in the manufacturing sector [5][6][10] - The non-manufacturing PMI stood at 50.1%, also down by 0.4 percentage points, with the construction sector PMI declining significantly by 2.2 percentage points to 50.6% [5][17] - The overall PMI output index decreased to 50.2%, reflecting a 0.5 percentage point drop from the previous month [5][6] Group 2 - Both supply and demand sides of the manufacturing PMI showed marginal weakening, but prices improved significantly due to anti-involution policies, leading to a situation of reduced volume but increased prices [4][10][11] - New orders, production, and material inventory all contributed negatively to the PMI, with new orders dropping 0.8 percentage points to 49.4% [6][11][20] - The price index for factory output and major raw material purchases increased by 2.1 percentage points and 3.1 percentage points respectively, indicating substantial improvement [11][20] Group 3 - The construction sector's PMI was adversely affected by weather conditions and a weak real estate market, leading to a notable decline [17][20] - The service sector PMI remained relatively stable at 50.0%, supported by seasonal improvements in industries such as aviation and dining due to holiday travel [17][20] - The overall economic outlook remains weak, with both internal and external demand showing signs of fatigue, which continues to support long-term interest rates [20]

证券研究报告 宏观研究 [Table_ReportType] 专题报告 | ] [Table_A 解运亮 uthor宏观首席 分析师 | | --- | | 执业编号：S1500521040002 | | 联系电话：010-83326858 | | 邮 箱： xieyunliang@cindasc.com | 麦麟玥 宏观分析师 执业编号：S1500524070002 邮 箱： mailinyue@cindasc.com [Table_Title] "反内卷"下的价格分化 [Table_ReportDate] 2025 年 8 月 1 日 信达证券股份有限公司 CINDA SECURITIES CO.,LTD 北京市西城区宣武门西大街甲127 号金隅 大厦B 座 邮编：100031 请阅读最后一页免责声明及信息披露 http://www.cindasc.com 1 [➢Table_Summary] 打破制造业 PMI 连涨的两重因素。7 月制造业 PMI 打破了其在二季度连涨 的走势，我们认为 7 月制造业 PMI 走弱是订单回流阶段性结束、极端天 气扰动两重因素共振的结果。首先，极端天气对生产活动产生扰动。 ...

央视网消息：美国白宫宣布，自8月1日起对进口半成品铜产品及铜密集型衍生产品征收50%的关税。高关税扰乱了市场预期，进一步影响 美国铜密集型行业的稳定发展。 当特朗普7月初表示准备对所有进口到美国的铜征收高额关税时，加拿大政府担心已经因钢铁、铝和汽车关税而陷入困境的经济可能会面 临更大的压力。目前加拿大生产出口的铜精矿、阴极铜和阳极铜等和铜废料暂时获得了美国的关税豁免，所受影响低于预期。不过，加拿大的 铜丝、电缆等制造商受到了新关税的影响，若无法将贸易转向其他市场，就可能因减产而影响上游矿业原材料的需求。 法国24新闻台：对美国的损害大于智利 根据美国地质调查局的数据，美国大约有一半的铜依赖进口，其中大部分来自智利。专家指出，美国无法自己弥补产能缺口，不得不依赖 进口。智利财政部长马塞尔表示，50%的关税的确会造成"中期损害"，但智利可以通过市场多元化的策略来减轻"长期损害"。分析指出，铜是 人工智能和绿色能源革命的关键原材料，智利能够轻松找到其他买家。 加拿大《环球邮报》：加拿大受到冲击 新加坡《联合早报》：保护国内产业 美政府再次出台高关税 继钢铁与铝之后，特朗普政府再次针对关键金属祭出高额关税。新关税将适 ...

2025 年 08 月 01 日 极端天气与反内卷致量价反向波动 分析师：罗云峰 S1050524060001 luoyf2@cfsc.com.cn 分析师：杨斐然 S1050524070001 yangfr@cfsc.com.cn 事件 受制造业进入传统生产淡季，部分地区高温、暴雨洪涝灾害 等因素影响，7 月制造业 PMI 为 49.3，环比下降 0.4，连续 4 个月低于枯荣线，7 月为 4 个月以来最低；非制造业 PMI 为 50.1，环比下跌 0.4；综合 PMI 产出指数为 50.2，环比下降 0.5 个百分点。 7 月份中国战略性新兴产业 EPMI 为 46.8，比上月回落 1.1 个 百分点。服务业健康医疗服务业、新材料产业表现最好。 投资要点 ▌ 制造业：极端天气影响生产 极端天气与反内卷共同作用下，供需两端边际回调，生产指 数扩张幅度下降 0.5 至 50.5，新订单指数大幅下降 0.8，重 回荣枯线以下（49.4），其中新出口订单指数下降 0.6 至 47.1，一定程度受前期抢出口的影响，内需下滑或有 618 的 影响。企业生产经营活动更趋谨慎：进口指标保持 47.8；原 材料库存下降 0 ...

7月31日， 统计局发布7月PMI。制造业PMI 49.3%，预期49.7%，前值49.7%。非制造业PMI 50.1%，前值50.5%。关注以下几个方面： 第一，制造业生产和新订单均回落。7月制造业新订单环比下降0.8个百分点至49.4%，生产回落0.5个百分点至50.5%，分别拖累制造业PMI下滑0.24、0.13 个百分点，是7月制造业PMI下滑的主要拖累因素。对比往年同期降幅，2016-2024年（剔除2020/2022）新订单和生产的平均降幅分别为0.14、0.37个百分 点。由于PMI在数据处理过程中已剔除季节性，今年7月相对更弱的表现，指向制造业放缓可能受到常规季节性因素之外的影响，一方面是6月对美出口修 复带来的环比高基数，另一方面是部分地区高温、暴雨洪涝灾害的规模可能超出往年同期。 第二，外需也回落。7月制造业新出口订单回落0.4个百分点至47.1%（6月反弹0.2个百分点），略低于上半年平均值47.3。结合韩国出口旬度数据来看，7 月前20天出口同比-2.2%，这说明6月抢出口可能未在7月延续。7月9日是对等关税截止时点，尽管后来推迟到8月1日，但企业可能已经尽量安排在7月9日 之前出口。 ...

Group 1: National Fertility Subsidy - The national fertility subsidy covers a wider range, with a total subsidy of 10,800 CNY per newborn over three years, compared to a median of 6,600 CNY and an average of 8,700 CNY for local subsidies[3][16] - The first-year budget for the national fertility subsidy is approximately 100 billion CNY, expected to promote the birth of about 330,000 newborns[4][16] - The short-term leverage effect of the subsidy is estimated at 0.9 times, potentially increasing to about 1.4 times in the medium to long term, with a GDP increase of 926 billion CNY in 2025[4][19] Group 2: Manufacturing Sector - The manufacturing PMI for July is reported at 49.3%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a decline in manufacturing activity[5][13] - The production PMI decreased by 0.5 percentage points to 50.5%, while new orders, new export orders, and imports fell to 49.4%, 47.1%, and 44.7% respectively[5][22] - The "anti-involution" trend is expected to boost commodity prices, with July PPI projected to improve slightly to -3.0% year-on-year[5][29] Group 3: Non-Manufacturing Sector - The construction PMI fell by 2.2 percentage points to 50.6%, indicating a potential continuation of the slowdown in infrastructure investment[6][35] - The service sector remains relatively stable, with a service PMI of 50.0%, down 0.1 percentage points, and new orders declining to 46.3%[6][42] - Infrastructure investment may be affected by high base effects in Q3 and Q4, requiring policy measures to mitigate the impact[6][35] Group 4: Risks and Economic Outlook - Risks include unexpected policy changes and a potential recession in the U.S. economy[7][45] - The overall economic impact of the fertility subsidy includes direct boosts to consumer spending and indirect effects on child-rearing and housing demand[4][18]

Group 1 - The core issue is that China Electric Power Construction Group's subsidiary, China Electric Power Construction Railway Investment Group Co., Ltd., has been placed under a red warning by the Shenzhen Housing and Construction Bureau due to significant safety hazards at construction sites that were not rectified on time [1][3] - The warning is effective from July 30, 2025, to September 29, 2025, indicating a serious compliance issue within the construction industry [3] - The company operates under the umbrella of a Fortune Global 500 enterprise and is involved in various infrastructure projects both domestically and internationally, with a total contract amount of approximately 470 billion yuan [5] Group 2 - China Electric Power Construction Railway Investment Group Co., Ltd. was established in 2011 with a registered capital of 600 million yuan and is wholly owned by China Electric Power Construction Group [7] - The company has a total asset value of 30.383 billion yuan as of the end of 2024 and employs nearly 900 people across 42 subordinate units [5]

新动能持续增长。7月份，装备制造业和高技术制造业PMI分别为50.3%和50.6%，均持续高于临界点， 高端装备制造业保持扩张；消费品行业PMI为49.5%，比上月下降0.9个百分点；高耗能行业PMI为 48%，比上月上升0.2个百分点，景气度有所改善。 从价格看，受近期部分大宗商品价格上涨等因素影响，主要原材料购进价格指数和出厂价格指数分别为 51.5%和48.3%，比上月上升3.1个和2.1个百分点，其中主要原材料购进价格指数自今年3月份以来首次 升至临界点以上，制造业市场价格总体水平有所改善。石油煤炭及其他燃料加工、黑色金属冶炼及压延 加工等行业主要原材料购进价格指数和出厂价格指数明显回升，相关行业市场价格有所改善。 7月份制造业PMI回落，新动能持续增长—— 经济总体产出保持扩张 国家统计局服务业调查中心、中国物流与采购联合会发布的数据显示，7月份，受制造业进入传统生产 淡季，部分地区高温、暴雨洪涝灾害等因素影响，制造业采购经理指数(PMI)降至49.3%，比上月下降 0.4个百分点。非制造业商务活动指数和综合PMI产出指数分别为50.1%和50.2%，比上月下降0.4个和0.5 个百分点，均持续高于 ...

Economic Overview - In July, the manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) dropped to 49.3%, a decrease of 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, influenced by seasonal production slowdowns and extreme weather conditions [1] - The non-manufacturing business activity index and the comprehensive PMI output index were 50.1% and 50.2%, respectively, both down by 0.4 and 0.5 percentage points, yet remaining above the critical point [1] - Despite short-term fluctuations due to extreme weather, production activities maintained expansion, indicating a solid foundation for economic recovery [3] Manufacturing Sector - The manufacturing new orders index fell to 49.4%, down 0.8 percentage points from last month, while the production index was at 50.5%, still in the expansion zone for three consecutive months [1] - The equipment manufacturing PMI and high-tech manufacturing PMI were 50.3% and 50.6%, respectively, both above the critical point, indicating ongoing expansion in high-end equipment manufacturing [1] - The consumer goods industry PMI was 49.5%, down 0.9 percentage points, while the high-energy-consuming industries PMI improved slightly to 48%, up 0.2 percentage points [1] Price Trends - The main raw materials purchasing price index rose to 51.5%, and the factory price index was at 48.3%, increasing by 3.1 and 2.1 percentage points, respectively, indicating an overall improvement in manufacturing market prices [2] - The purchasing price index for major raw materials in sectors like petroleum and coal processing, as well as black metal smelting, showed significant recovery [2] Business Activity by Company Size - In July, the PMI for large enterprises was 50.3%, down 0.9 percentage points, with production and new orders indices at 52.1% and 50.7%, respectively, indicating sustained good operational conditions [2] - The PMI for medium-sized enterprises increased to 49.5%, up 0.9 percentage points, showing continued improvement in business sentiment [2] - The PMI for small enterprises was 46.4%, down 0.9 percentage points, reflecting weaker business conditions [2] Non-Manufacturing Sector - The non-manufacturing business activity index was 50.1%, down 0.4 percentage points, with construction activity slowing due to adverse weather conditions [4] - The business activity index for the service sector was 50%, slightly down by 0.1 percentage points, while sectors related to travel and consumption showed strong performance with indices above 60% [4] - Non-manufacturing enterprises maintained stable optimism, with a business activity expectation index of 55.8%, up 0.2 percentage points, indicating positive outlooks for the second half of the year [4]

国家统计局服务业调查中心、中国物流与采购联合会发布的数据显示，7月份，受制造业进入传统生产 淡季，部分地区高温、暴雨洪涝灾害等因素影响，制造业采购经理指数(PMI)降至49.3%，比上月下降 0.4个百分点。非制造业商务活动指数和综合PMI产出指数分别为50.1%和50.2%，比上月下降0.4个和0.5 个百分点，均持续高于临界点。国家统计局服务业调查中心高级统计师赵庆河表示，我国经济总体产出 保持扩张。 7月份，我国多地遭遇高温热浪、暴雨洪涝以及干旱等极端天气，给户外施工作业、居民日常生活等带 来阻碍，进而影响到市场需求释放。制造业新订单指数为49.4%，较上月下降0.8个百分点。生产指数为 50.5%，虽较上月下降0.5个百分点，仍连续3个月运行在扩张区间。中国物流信息中心专家文韬认为， 虽然制造业生产活动扩张势头短期有所放缓，但稳中有增态势没有改变。 新动能持续增长。7月份，装备制造业和高技术制造业PMI分别为50.3%和50.6%，均持续高于临界点， 高端装备制造业保持扩张；消费品行业PMI为49.5%，比上月下降0.9个百分点；高耗能行业PMI为 48%，比上月上升0.2个百分点，景气度有所改善。 ...