河南将组建港航集团 整合内河航运资源 智通财经7月29日电，河南省政府新闻办7月29日召开"深化国资国企改革 推动企业高质量发展高效能治 理"新闻发布会。关于省管企业重组整合，省政府国资委党委委员、副主任刘孟连介绍，近年来，河南 国企深化改革持续纵深发力，发展动力日趋强劲。重组整合强力推进。推动河南国际合作集团与自然资 源集团整合，打造全省对外开放合作窗口平台；推动中豫港务集团整合省内资源，加快建设国际陆港核 心区；组建河南港航集团整合内河航运资源，统筹推进投建运一体化管理。 (大河财立方 ) ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - Overseas macro: There is a short - term weak recovery in overseas commodity demand, remaining relatively stable. The improvement of US consumer demand depends on wealth effect and income expectations. Attention should be paid to the latest non - farm data and tariff policies. The overall impact of upcoming US tariff policies may be lower than in April, but uncertainties remain [7]. - Domestic macro: As an important meeting approaches, the expectation of "anti - involution" policies has strengthened. Although it is the off - season, domestic demand has not significantly declined, and exports remain resilient. Current growth - stabilizing policies may focus on using existing policies, with a higher probability of incremental policies in the fourth quarter [7]. - Asset views: There are mainly structural opportunities in domestic assets. Attention should be paid to the progress of Sino - US tariff negotiations and policy signals from the Politburo meeting. In the second half of the year, the policy - driven logic will be strengthened, and the probability of incremental policies in the fourth quarter is higher. Overseas, factors such as tariff frictions, Fed policies, and geopolitical risks should be monitored. In the long - term, the weak - dollar pattern will continue. Strategic allocation of resources like gold and copper is recommended [7]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Macro Highlights - Overseas: Short - term weak recovery in commodity demand. US consumer purchase intentions are fluctuating at a low level, and price suppression persists. Improvement depends on wealth effect and income expectations. Follow the latest non - farm data and tariff policies. Tariff policies may be implemented before August 1st and 12th, with uncertainties [7]. - Domestic: "Anti - involution" policy expectations have strengthened. Some industries have administrative production - cut expectations. Domestic demand has not significantly declined, and exports are resilient. Current growth - stabilizing policies may use existing policies, with more incremental policies likely in the fourth quarter [7]. - Assets: Focus on Sino - US tariff negotiations and Politburo meeting policies. Policy - driven logic will be stronger in the second half of the year. Overseas, pay attention to tariff frictions, Fed policies, and geopolitical risks. The weak - dollar pattern will continue in the long - term. Strategic allocation of resources like gold and copper is advisable [7]. 3.2 Viewpoint Highlights 3.2.1 Financial Sector - Stock index futures: Opportunities are spreading across sectors, but there is a lack of incremental funds. The short - term outlook is a volatile upward trend [8]. - Stock index options: Continue to hold bull spreads. Option liquidity is deteriorating, and the short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Treasury bond futures: The bond market remains under pressure. Key concerns are unexpected tariffs, supply, and monetary easing. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. 3.2.2 Precious Metals Sector - Gold and silver: Precious metals are in a short - term adjustment phase. Key factors are Trump's tariff policies and Fed's monetary policies. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. 3.2.3 Shipping Sector - Container shipping to Europe: Focus on the game between peak - season expectations and price - increase implementation. Key factors are tariff policies and shipping companies' pricing strategies. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. 3.2.4 Black Building Materials Sector - Steel products: The fundamentals are marginally improving, and cost support is strong. Key factors are the issuance progress of special bonds, steel exports, and hot - metal production. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Iron ore: Hot - metal production has slightly decreased, and market sentiment has cooled. Key factors are overseas mine production and shipment, domestic hot - metal production, weather, port inventory, and policy dynamics. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Coke: The futures price has risen significantly, and the price - increase progress has accelerated. Key factors are steel mill production, coking costs, and macro sentiment. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Coking coal: The "anti - involution" expectation has risen, and the futures price has continuously hit the daily limit. Key factors are steel mill production, coal mine safety inspections, and macro sentiment. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Ferrosilicon: Inventory pressure is acceptable, and it follows the sector's trend. Key factors are raw material costs and steel procurement. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Manganese silicon: Supply - demand contradictions are acceptable, and it follows the sector's trend. Key factors are cost prices and overseas quotes. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Glass: Middle and downstream sectors are replenishing stocks simultaneously, and upstream inventory has significantly decreased. Key factor is spot sales. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Soda ash: Supply - demand changes are limited, and sentiment supports the price. Key factor is soda ash inventory. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. 3.2.5 Non - ferrous Metals and New Materials Sector - Copper: A non - ferrous growth - stabilizing plan is about to be introduced, supporting the copper price. Key factors are supply disruptions, unexpected domestic policies, less - than - expected dovish Fed policies, and less - than - expected domestic demand recovery. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Alumina: The futures sentiment is fluctuating, and the price is adjusting at a high level. Key factors are unexpected ore复产 and unexpected electrolytic aluminum复产. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Aluminum: The sentiment boost has slowed, and the aluminum price has declined. Key factors are macro risks, supply disruptions, and less - than - expected demand. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Zinc: Macro sentiment still exists, and the zinc price is fluctuating at a high level. Key factors are macro - turning risks and unexpected zinc ore supply recovery. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Lead: Supply - demand is relatively loose, and the lead price is fluctuating. Key factors are supply - side disruptions and slow battery exports. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Nickel: The "anti - involution" trading has slowed, and the nickel price is fluctuating widely in the short - term. Key factors are unexpected macro and geopolitical changes and Indonesian policy risks. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Stainless steel: The nickel - iron price has slightly rebounded, and the stainless - steel futures price is fluctuating. Key factors are Indonesian policy risks and unexpected demand growth. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Tin: LME inventory continues to decline, and the tin price is slightly upward - trending. Key factors are the expectation of Wa State's复产 and demand improvement. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Industrial silicon: The "anti - involution" sentiment still exists, and the silicon price has rebounded. Key factors are unexpected supply - side production cuts and unexpected photovoltaic installations. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. - Lithium carbonate: The market sentiment is fluctuating, and the lithium price has回调 after rising. Key factors are less - than - expected demand, supply disruptions, and new technological breakthroughs. The short - term outlook is volatile [8]. 3.2.6 Energy and Chemical Sector - Crude oil: It is under pressure at a high level. Key factors are OPEC+ production policies and Middle - East geopolitical situations. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - LPG: Supply pressure continues, and chemical demand is acceptable. Key factor is the cost progress of crude oil and overseas propane. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Asphalt: The spot price has fallen, and the futures price is under pressure. Key factor is unexpected demand. The short - term outlook is downward [10]. - High - sulfur fuel oil: It is weak during the power - generation peak season. Key factors are crude oil and natural - gas prices. The short - term outlook is downward [10]. - Low - sulfur fuel oil: The futures price follows the crude - oil trend and is weakening. Key factors are crude oil and natural - gas prices. The short - term outlook is downward [10]. - Methanol: It is boosted by coal in the short - term. Key factors are macro - energy and upstream - downstream device dynamics. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Urea: Domestic supply - demand cannot provide strong support, and export pull is less than expected. Key factors are export policies and capacity elimination. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Ethylene glycol: The price is supported by the macro - environment, but there is a risk of over - trading. Key factors are coal - price trends and the inflection point of visible inventory accumulation. The short - term outlook is a volatile decline [10]. - PX: Sentiment disturbances are increasing, and fundamental drivers are weakening. Key factors are overseas device restarts and downstream PTA device maintenance schedules. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - PTA: Major plant maintenance is approaching, and inventory accumulation may slow down. Key factors are the implementation of unexpected major plant maintenance and downstream polyester production cuts. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Short - fiber: It has difficulty following the upstream price increase, and the processing fee is compressed. Key factors are textile exports and downstream purchasing rhythms. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Bottle - chip: During the production - cut season, cost pricing is more important than supply - demand. Key factor is the later - stage bottle - chip production start - up. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Propylene: Short - term contradictions are limited, and it may follow polypropylene. Key factors are oil prices and domestic macro - situation. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - PP: It is boosted by "anti - involution" but supply - demand is still under pressure. Key factors are oil prices and domestic and overseas macro - situations. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Plastic: It is boosted by the macro - environment but the fundamental support is weak. Key factors are oil prices and domestic and overseas macro - situations. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Styrene: The commodity sentiment has improved. Key factors are oil prices, macro - policies, and device dynamics. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - PVC: The sentiment has cooled. Key factors are expectations, costs, and supply. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Caustic soda: Cost support is strong, and the downward space is limited. Key factors are market sentiment, production start - up, and demand. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. 3.2.7 Agricultural Sector - Oils and fats: Market sentiment has weakened. Key factors are US soybean weather and Malaysian palm oil production - demand data. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Protein meal: Market sentiment has subsided, and prices are falling. Key factors are US soybean weather, domestic demand, macro - situation, and Sino - US and Sino - Canada trade wars. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Corn/starch: The spot price is stable, waiting for new guidance. Key factors are less - than - expected demand, macro - situation, and weather. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Live pigs: Sentiment - based trading has cooled, and the futures price has declined from a high level. Key factors are breeding sentiment, epidemics, and policies. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Rubber: There are炒作 themes, and the rubber price has risen rapidly in the afternoon. Key factors are production - area weather, raw - material prices, and macro - changes. The short - term outlook is a volatile increase [10]. - Synthetic rubber: The futures price is in an adjustment phase. Key factor is significant crude - oil price fluctuations. The short - term outlook is a volatile increase [10]. - Pulp: It is mainly driven by the macro - environment. Key factors are macro - economic changes and US - dollar - quoted price fluctuations. The short - term outlook is a volatile increase [10]. - Cotton: The main - contract position has decreased, and the upward momentum has weakened. Key factors are demand and production. The short - term outlook is volatile [10]. - Sugar: Import volume is expected to increase, limiting the price rebound. Key factor is abnormal weather. The short - term outlook is volatile [10].

Group 1 - The announcement by "CK Hutchison Holdings" indicates an invitation for mainland Chinese investors to participate as "important members" in the restructuring of the consortium led by BlackRock and Mediterranean Shipping Company, aiming to secure regulatory approvals [2][4] - The term "important members" reflects a diplomatic approach, maintaining the original international consortium's framework while opening a pathway for local capital involvement, showcasing a balance between globalization and localization [4] - The move is interpreted as a strategic pivot by Li Ka-shing, the "richest man in Hong Kong," transitioning from selling to American interests to allowing Chinese capital to enter, which is seen as a calculated strategic positioning by the Li family [5] Group 2 - "COSCO Shipping Group" is confirmed to be deeply involved in this capital game, acting both as a new main player in the port asset acquisition alliance and participating in the broader strategic restructuring of CK Hutchison through special funds [7] - The collaboration combines "Belt and Road" shipping network resources from COSCO, international capital market expertise from BlackRock, and professional management from Mediterranean Shipping Company, aligning with Li Ka-shing's philosophy of "business without borders" [7] - CK Hutchison's openness at this time is viewed as a proactive response to the "Belt and Road" initiative and a strategic move to capture the benefits of regional economic integration, rather than a mere concession [9]

(欧线):10空单、10-12反 2025 年 7月 29 日 投资咨询从业资格号: Z0021502 郑玉洁 zhengyujie@gtht.com 黄柳楠 投资咨询从业资格号: Z0015892 huangliunan@gtht.com 【基本面跟踪】 表 1:集运指数(欧线)基本面数据 | | | 昨日收盘价 | 日 涨跌 | 昨日成交 | 昨日持仓 | 持仓变动 | 昨日成交/持仓 | 前日成交/持仓 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 期货 | EC2508 | 2. 183. 2 | -0. 89% | 2. 525 | 7. 369 | -989 | 0. 34 | 0. 28 | | | EC2510 | 1.502.8 | -1.84% | 56. 014 | 50. 694 | 717 | 1.10 | 0. 86 | | | EC2512 | 1.737.8 | 0. 41% | 6. 830 | 8.599 | 79 | 0.79 | 0.52 | | | | 本期 | | 2025/7/28 | | ...

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core View of the Report The report updates the high - frequency data of the Guosheng fixed - income fundamental index from July 21 to July 25, 2025, covering various aspects such as production, demand, prices, transportation, inventory, and financing. It shows that the fundamental high - frequency index is stable, with different trends in each sub - index, including changes in growth rates and fluctuations in specific indicators [1][9]. Summary by Related Catalogs 1. Total Index: Fundamental High - Frequency Index Stable - The current Guosheng fundamental high - frequency index is 126.8 points (previous value 126.7 points), with a week - on - week increase of 0.1 points and a year - on - year increase of 5.3 points, and the year - on - year growth rate remains unchanged. The long - short signal of interest - rate bonds weakens, with the signal factor at 4.6% (previous value 4.7%) [1][9]. 2. Production - The industrial production high - frequency index is 126.1 (previous value 126.0), with a week - on - week increase of 0.1 points and a year - on - year increase of 5.0 points, and the year - on - year growth rate remains unchanged. The PX operating rate has been declining continuously. The current PX operating rate is 82.4% (previous value 83.2%) [1][13]. 3. Real Estate Sales - The real estate sales high - frequency index shows that property transactions are picking up. The transaction area of commercial housing in 30 large and medium - sized cities is 21.0 million square meters (previous value 17.1 million square meters), and the premium rate of land transactions in 100 large and medium - sized cities is 7.8% (previous value 6.7%) [25]. 4. Infrastructure Investment - The infrastructure investment high - frequency index is 119.8 (previous value 119.5), with a week - on - week increase of 0.2 points and a year - on - year increase of 4.2 points, and the year - on - year growth rate expands. The operating rate of petroleum asphalt devices has decreased, with the current operating rate at 28.8% (previous value 32.8%) [9][34]. 5. Export - The export high - frequency index is 143.9 (previous value 144.0), with a week - on - week decrease of 0.1 points and a year - on - year increase of 3.7 points, and the year - on - year growth rate narrows. The China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) has been declining continuously, with the current CCFI index at 1261 points (previous value 1304 points) [9][36]. 6. Consumption - The consumption high - frequency index is 119.7 (previous value 119.7), with a week - on - week increase of 0.0 points and a year - on - year increase of 2.5 points, and the year - on - year growth rate expands. Retail and wholesale sales of passenger vehicle manufacturers continue to rise. The current retail sales of passenger vehicle manufacturers are 58,207 units (previous value 47,548 units), and the wholesale sales are 57,826 units (previous value 46,085 units) [9][49]. 7. CPI - The month - on - month CPI forecast is 0.1% (previous value 0.0%). Fruit prices continue to decline. The average wholesale price of 7 key monitored fruits is 7.1 yuan/kg (previous value 7.3 yuan/kg) [1][55]. 8. PPI - The month - on - month PPI forecast is 0.2% (previous value 0.1%). The price of thermal coal has rebounded. The closing price of thermal coal (produced in Shanxi) at Qinhuangdao Port is 649 yuan/ton (previous value 637 yuan/ton) [1][61]. 9. Transportation - The transportation high - frequency index is 129.2 (previous value 129.0), with a week - on - week increase of 0.2 points and a year - on - year increase of 8.9 points, and the year - on - year growth rate expands. Passenger volume and flight operation numbers have decreased. The subway passenger volume in first - tier cities is 39 million person - times (previous value 41.14 million person - times), and the number of domestic flights is 14,428 flights (previous value 14,653 flights) [2][71]. 10. Inventory - The inventory high - frequency index is 161.0 (previous value 160.9), with a week - on - week increase of 0.1 points and a year - on - year increase of 9.4 points, and the year - on - year growth rate remains unchanged. Soda ash inventory has declined. The current soda ash inventory is 1.874 million tons (previous value 1.895 million tons) [2][77]. 11. Financing - The financing high - frequency index is 232.7 (previous value 232.1), with a week - on - week increase of 0.6 points and a year - on - year increase of 29.6 points, and the year - on - year growth rate expands. Net financing of local government bonds and credit bonds has increased. The net financing of local government bonds is 292.9 billion yuan (previous value 150.5 billion yuan), and the net financing of credit bonds is 54.9 billion yuan (previous value 44.6 billion yuan) [2][87].

Group 1 - The third China International Supply Chain Promotion Expo showcased numerous green products and solutions, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices in supply chains [1] - The event attracted 651 enterprises and institutions from 75 countries and regions, with foreign exhibitors increasing from 32% to 35% compared to the previous year [5] - The expo highlighted the integration of technology and green practices, with a report indicating that technological innovation is driving the global supply chain towards a new phase of digitalization and sustainability [4] Group 2 - China Machinery Industry Group (Sinomach) presented a hybrid agricultural tractor and a comprehensive solution for modern agricultural production, showcasing advancements in green and intelligent agricultural equipment [2] - The company is enhancing its international collaboration in agricultural engineering projects and smart farm management systems, contributing to the global agricultural supply chain's green development [2] - The Iceberg Group displayed its ion compressor technology, which significantly improves efficiency and reduces energy consumption in hydrogen applications [3] Group 3 - MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company demonstrated its sustainable development practices in shipping, including significant progress in logistics decarbonization and a strategic partnership with Hengli Heavy Industry for green shipbuilding [6] - Starbucks showcased its commitment to sustainability through the use of eco-friendly materials and energy-efficient practices in its stores, aiming to integrate sustainable development into its entire supply chain [7] - Contemporary products like the E-space Compact series electric fishing boat from CATL and the Tiger Neo solar panels from JinkoSolar were introduced, reflecting the growing market for electric vessels and solar energy solutions [8][9][10]

Core Insights - The opening of the new "Xiaomo-Australia" roll-on/roll-off shipping route enhances trade logistics between China and Australia, facilitating the export of 1,165 BYD electric vehicles [1] - Xiaomo International Logistics Port has now established its 10th roll-on/roll-off foreign trade route since its port opening, covering six major global regions including Southeast Asia, the Middle East, the Mediterranean, Europe, South America, and Australia [1] - The Xiaomo port is strategically located near BYD's Shenshan production base, allowing for efficient vehicle transportation to the port, which reduces costs and improves logistics efficiency [1] Industry Developments - The second phase of Xiaomo Port's construction is set to begin on January 8, 2025, with an expected operational date in 2028, aiming to achieve an annual transportation capacity of 1 million vehicles [2] - The port is positioning itself to become a key roll-on/roll-off foreign trade hub for the automotive industry in South China [2]

Economic Outlook - The core viewpoint of the article indicates a mixed economic outlook, with some indicators showing improvement while others reflect weakness. The overall sentiment suggests a cautious optimism amid ongoing challenges in various sectors [2][3][4]. Group 1: Economic Indicators - Domestic resource prices continue to rise significantly, with various indices showing increases: Shanxi thermal coal price up 1.7%, coking coal price up 16.7%, and rebar price up 5.5% [2][35]. - The land premium rate has rebounded to 7.8% as of July 20, compared to 5.47% in June, indicating a recovery in the real estate market [2][11]. - Port container throughput has rebounded, with a week-on-week increase of 2.6% as of July 20, reflecting a slight recovery in trade activities [2][20]. Group 2: Weakness Indicators - The Huachuang Macro WEI index has continued to decline, reaching 5.84% as of July 20, down from 5.96% on July 13, indicating a slowdown in economic activity [3][7]. - The transaction volume of commercial housing remains weak, with a year-on-year decrease of 20.5% in the first 25 days of July, compared to a 17.6% decline in June [3][11]. - The operating rate of petroleum asphalt facilities has decreased to 28.8%, down 4% week-on-week, suggesting a slowdown in construction-related activities [3][16]. Group 3: Trade Dynamics - There has been a significant drop in the number of cargo container ships from China to the U.S., with a year-on-year decrease of 5.5% as of July 26 [3][21]. - The trade negotiations between the U.S. and other countries, including Japan and the Philippines, have resulted in reduced tariffs, which may impact trade flows [3][22][33]. - The overall export performance from South Korea has weakened, with a year-on-year decline of 2.2% in July, compared to an increase of 8.3% in June [3][19]. Group 4: Debt and Interest Rates - New special bond issuance has accelerated, reaching 2.78 trillion yuan as of July 25, which is 63% of the annual target, outperforming last year's 44% [4][39]. - Government bond yields have risen, with the 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year yields reported at 1.3490%, 1.5256%, and 1.6652%, respectively, reflecting an upward trend in interest rates [4][55]. Group 5: Price Trends - The overall commodity price index in China has increased by 2.7%, while international commodity prices have seen a decline of 1.3% [35][38]. - Agricultural product prices have shown mixed trends, with egg prices rising significantly by 6.8%, while vegetable prices increased by 1.1% [36][38]. - The domestic cement price index has decreased by 1.6%, indicating potential challenges in the construction sector [35][38].

Economic Indicators - The Huachuang macro WEI index decreased to 5.84% as of July 20, down 0.12% from July 13[6] - The land premium rate rose to 7.8% for the week of July 20, with a three-week average of 6.5%[10] - Container throughput at Chinese ports increased by 2.6% week-on-week as of July 20, with a four-week cumulative year-on-year growth of 4.3%[23] Price Trends - Domestic resource prices continued to rise significantly, with Shanxi thermal coal price up 1.7%, coking coal up 16.7%, and rebar price up 5.5%[41] - The South China Glass Index surged by 26% during the same period[41] Real Estate Market - The transaction area of commercial housing in 67 cities decreased by 20.5% year-on-year for the first 25 days of July, compared to a 17.6% decline in June[8] Infrastructure and Production - The operating rate of asphalt plants fell to 28.8%, down 4% week-on-week but up 4% year-on-year[17] - The average operating rate for asphalt plants from June 26 to July 23 was 31.5%, roughly stable compared to June[17] Trade Dynamics - The number of container ships from China to the U.S. dropped by 5.5% year-on-year as of July 26, compared to a 16.4% increase at the end of June[30] - U.S. imports from China saw a decline of 20.2% year-on-year for the 22 days leading up to July 22[30]

Core Viewpoint - The Hong Kong government emphasizes the strategic positioning of Hong Kong as a financial, shipping, and logistics hub, highlighting the interconnection of these sectors and the role of data in linking them [1][4]. Group 1: Strategic Positioning - The government supports Hong Kong's role as a financial, shipping, and logistics center, which are traditional advantages that are interrelated [1][4]. - The current global economic landscape is influenced by trade wars and uncertainties, necessitating collaboration among the aviation, logistics, and shipping sectors to seek breakthroughs [1][4]. Group 2: Data and Technology Initiatives - The Hong Kong Monetary Authority is promoting data upgrades and has invited the logistics sector to participate in Project CargoX, which aims to facilitate cross-sector collaboration through data [4][5]. - A new system will be constructed to enhance transparency in cargo tracking, ensuring data security and facilitating trade financing through blockchain technology [6][7]. Group 3: Infrastructure and Collaboration - The government has secured funding to develop a comprehensive logistics system, with plans to connect various infrastructure and systems for better efficiency [6][7]. - A memorandum of cooperation has been signed with Guangdong's electronic port management to enhance cross-border logistics and streamline customs processes [7][8]. Group 4: Future Directions - The concept of "Iron-Sea-Land-River" will be implemented to connect distant goods to the world through Hong Kong, leveraging rail and maritime transport [8]. - The logistics and shipping sectors are moving towards low-carbon and zero-carbon initiatives, with platforms being established to connect renewable energy suppliers with shipping operations [8].