"截至2024年底，我国在建核电机组数量为28台，总装机容量为3370万千瓦，在建机组装机容量连续18 年保持全球第一。"在4月27日召开的中国核能行业协会2025春季核能可持续发展国际论坛上，中国核能 发展报告首席专家王毅韧表示。 与此同时，我国核能国际合作不断取得新进展。《报告》明确，采用"华龙一号"技术的巴基斯坦恰希玛 核电站5号机组开工建设，我国已累计出口7台核电机组。持续加强与国际原子能机构（IAEA）的交流 与合作，深度参与国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）工程建设，向全球开放包括中国先进研究堆在内的12 个核科研设施和实验平台。 "按照当前的建设速度和节奏，2030年前我国在运核电装机规模将跃居世界第一；预计到2040年我国核 电装机需达到2亿千瓦，发电量占比约10%。"王毅韧预测。 在此背景下，王毅韧建议，要充分利用现有沿海核电厂址资源积极有序推进项目开发，并通过厂址扩 建、复用煤电退役厂址等方式增加厂址资源储备。要坚持"热堆-快堆-聚变堆"核能"三步走"发展战略， 围绕一体化闭式循环快堆核能系统、小型模块化反应堆等设立国家科技重大专项。同时，要加强铀资 源、核电工程建设、核电装备制造等重点领域国 ...

Core Insights - Nuclear fusion energy is considered the ultimate solution for human energy needs, with significant advancements being made in China towards its development [1][2] - China is constructing the compact fusion energy experimental device (BEST) in Hefei, expected to be completed by 2027, with the potential to demonstrate fusion power generation within five years [1] - The country aims to achieve a nuclear power installed capacity of 65 million kilowatts by the end of 2025, contributing to global nuclear energy growth projected to exceed 1.1 billion kilowatts by 2050 [1] Group 1: Nuclear Fusion Development - The "three-step" strategy for fusion energy application in China includes the recent achievement of the "billion-degree second" world record by the EAST device, marking a significant transition from basic science to engineering practice [1] - The BEST project will be the first to generate real energy and demonstrate fusion power generation on a global scale [1] - The Chinese Fusion Engineering Demonstration Reactor (CFEDR) has initiated engineering design, aiming to build the world's first fusion demonstration power plant [1] Group 2: Small Modular Reactors - The next decade is identified as a critical period for the development and promotion of small modular reactors (SMRs), which offer advantages such as shorter construction periods, lower investment costs, and greater site adaptability compared to large reactors [2] - SMRs are gaining global attention due to their inherent safety, smaller size, high power density, lower nuclear waste generation, and reduced decommissioning costs [2] - China has completed the world's first fourth-generation pebble bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and is expected to lead in constructing the first land-based small pressurized water reactor, "Linglong One," with commercial demonstration of small reactor power plants anticipated by around 2030 [2]

今日导读 1. 4月27日，中国核能行业协会发布《中国核能发展报告2025》蓝皮书。蓝皮书显示，截至目前，我国在运、在建和核准建设的核电机组共 102台、装机容量达到1.13亿千瓦，核电总体规模首次跃居世界第一。目前，我国在建核电机组共28台，总装机容量达到3365万千瓦，在建 机组装机容量连续18年保持世界第一；我国商运核电机组达到58台，总装机容量达6096万千瓦。 2. 据Choice统计，4月28日—30日，将有8只股票型ETF集中上市，其中5只将在4月30日上市。 3. 中国证监会官网披露，粤芯半导体技术股份有限公司（简称"粤芯半导体"）日前已向广东证监局提交IPO辅导备案申请，辅导机 构为广发证券。 粤芯半导体官网显示，粤芯半导体专注于服务中国市场，致力于满足国产模拟芯片制造需求，助力广东打造中国集成电路"第三极"。 宏观消息 1、 商务部等6部门近日印发关于进一步 优化 离境退税政策扩大入境消费 的通知。通知提出，下调离境退税起退点。境外旅客同日同店购买退税物品金额达到 200元人民币，且符合其他相关规定的，可以申请办理离境退税。通知从推动离境退税商店增量扩容、丰富离境退税商品供给、提升离境退税 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Spring International Forum on Sustainable Development of Nuclear Energy is being held in Beijing, showcasing the robust growth and global leadership of China's nuclear energy industry [1][3]. Industry Overview - The "China Nuclear Development Report (2025)" was released, indicating that China's nuclear energy sector ranks among the top globally in several metrics, with a strong development momentum [3][5]. - By the end of 2024, China will have 57 operational nuclear power units with a total installed capacity of 59.76 million kilowatts, ranking third globally [4]. - China's nuclear power generation is projected to reach 444.7 billion kilowatt-hours in 2024, making it the second-largest globally and accounting for 4.72% of the national power generation [4]. Future Projections - It is anticipated that by 2030, China's operational nuclear power capacity will become the largest in the world [5]. - The report suggests promoting balanced development of nuclear power, enhancing nuclear technology innovation, and strengthening uranium resource development to support high-quality industry growth [5]. Technological and Industrial Advancements - China's nuclear power sector has achieved 100% domestic production of main equipment, optimized uranium mining capacity, and positioned itself among the leaders in nuclear fuel component processing [4]. - Significant advancements in nuclear technology applications have been made, including the mass production of key medical isotopes and the approval of several new radioactive drugs [4]. - Innovations in technology are evident with the continuous optimization of advanced reactor types like "Guohe No. 1" and "Hualong No. 1," alongside ongoing research into various new reactor designs and nuclear fuel cycle technologies [4]. International Cooperation - China has exported a total of 7 nuclear power units and is engaged in multi-faceted cooperation with various countries in the nuclear energy sector [4].

Core Viewpoint - Nuclear fusion energy is seen as the ultimate solution for human energy needs, providing green, safe, and unlimited energy sources, with expectations to see the first operational fusion light by 2032 [1][3]. Group 1: Nuclear Fusion Development - The construction of a fusion energy experimental device is expected to be completed by 2027, with a roadmap leading to the world's first fusion demonstration power plant [1][3]. - The Chinese fusion engineering demonstration reactor (CFEDR) has begun its design phase, aiming to bridge the gap between ITER and prototype fusion power plants [1][3]. Group 2: Nuclear Fission and Fusion Synergy - The "Good Hope Science Salon" discussed the collaborative innovation between fission (small reactors) and fusion, emphasizing the strategic importance of nuclear energy in addressing climate change and energy security [1][3]. - Experts highlighted that nuclear power is a crucial pillar for solving energy issues in China, with a target of 65 million kilowatts of nuclear power capacity by the end of 2025 [3][4]. Group 3: Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) - The next decade is critical for the development and promotion of small modular reactors (SMRs), which have various design options and advantages over large reactors, such as shorter construction times and lower investment costs [4][6]. - SMRs are expected to play a significant role in powering data centers and replacing retired coal power plants, with commercial demonstration projects anticipated by around 2030 [6][7]. Group 4: Future Energy Transition - The transition from fossil fuels to green energy is projected to occur by the end of the century, with both fusion and fission technologies being essential for this shift [7]. - The collaborative development of SMRs and controllable nuclear fusion is viewed as a dual-engine driving the energy revolution, requiring supportive policies and public understanding [7]. Group 5: Community and Collaboration - The "Good Hope Science Salon" aims to foster cross-disciplinary exchanges in technology innovation, with future discussions planned on various cutting-edge fields [7].

中国核能行业协会专家委特邀顾问王炳华27日在2025春季核能可持续发展国际论坛上表示，目前全世界 范围内正在掀起核能小型堆开发热潮。小型堆综合利用应用场景丰富、市场需求广阔。初步测算表明， 小型堆发电、供热成本较燃气机组具有优势。王炳华介绍，初步测算，单一"供暖"小堆单位千瓦热比投 资约为0.7万元/kW(t)，"供暖+工业供汽"小堆单位千瓦热比投资约1.2万—1.5万元/kW(t)。考虑热电转换 比约3：1的条件下，总体来看，当前阶段小型模块化反应堆单位千瓦建造成本约为大型商用压水堆核电 项目2倍。初步测算，平准化电价、热价水平较天然气发电、供热具有优势。未来，在批量化规模化发 展条件下，市场竞争力将显著增强。我国小型堆发展还面临一定问题和挑战。王炳华建议，国家层面统 筹制定小型堆发展战略，在新一轮科技重大专项中接续设立小堆专项，支持小型堆型号研发，形成一批 国家级小型堆型号序列；建立健全适应小堆发展的法规标准和审评体系；将小型堆作为实施我国核 电"走出去"战略的重要抓手；在核能小型堆产业化初期，给予产业扶持政策。(上海证券报) ...

Group 1 - Nuclear fusion energy is viewed as the ultimate solution for human energy needs, providing green, safe, and unlimited energy [1] - The construction of a fusion energy experimental device is expected to be completed by 2027, with the first demonstration of fusion energy anticipated within five years [1] - The strategic value of nuclear energy is increasing under the dual pressures of climate change and energy security, with plans to achieve 65 million kilowatts of nuclear power capacity by the end of 2025 [1] Group 2 - The next decade is critical for the development and promotion of small modular reactors (SMRs), with nearly a hundred design proposals covering various reactor technologies [2] - SMRs are characterized by shorter construction periods, lower individual investment, and greater site adaptability, making them increasingly popular globally [2] - By 2030, China's data center electricity consumption is projected to reach 400 TWh, doubling from 2020, highlighting the commercial potential of SMRs in energy supply [2] Group 3 - Both SMRs and fusion reactors are current research and investment hotspots, with SMRs combining the maturity of Generation III reactors and the innovation of Generation IV [3] - There is a need for standardization and mass production of SMRs to reduce costs and prove their competitiveness against large reactors [3] - Fusion reactors face challenges related to materials, costs, and engineering, with expectations of completing experimental and demonstration phases within the next twenty years [3]

Core Insights - The "China Nuclear Energy Development Report (2025)" predicts that by 2030, China's operational nuclear power capacity will become the largest in the world, given the current construction pace [1][4]. Industry Overview - The global nuclear energy sector is experiencing a revival, with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raising its nuclear power development forecasts for four consecutive years. Additionally, 31 countries and regions have signed the "Triple Nuclear Energy Declaration," indicating increased policy support for nuclear energy from major nuclear nations [4]. - As of the end of 2024, China will have 57 operational nuclear power units with a total installed capacity of 59.76 million kilowatts, ranking third globally. The average utilization hours for nuclear power in 2024 are projected to be 7,797 hours, with a cumulative generation of 444.7 billion kilowatt-hours, accounting for 4.72% of the national total generation [4]. Future Projections - The report anticipates a rapid evolution in the international nuclear energy competitive landscape. China aims to maintain an open and cooperative stance to promote international nuclear collaboration, enhance its nuclear technology innovation system, and accelerate advancements in key nuclear technologies [4]. - The proportion of nuclear power in China's electricity market transactions has increased from approximately 30% in 2020 to 46.1% in 2024, indicating a trend of gradual growth [5]. - As the share of renewable energy rises, challenges such as real-time power balance and frequency and voltage support will become more pronounced. Nuclear power is expected to play a crucial role as a stable foundational energy source, particularly in providing base load, grid security support, and emergency backup [5].

Core Viewpoint - Nuclear energy is a crucial strategic choice for China to achieve its "dual carbon" goals and ensure energy security, with a commitment to high-quality development and international cooperation in nuclear energy [1] Group 1: Global Nuclear Energy Landscape - As of 2024, there are 417 operational nuclear power units globally, with a total installed capacity nearing 400 million kilowatts and an annual generation of 2.8 trillion kilowatt-hours, accounting for 9% of total electricity generation [1] - There are 65 nuclear power units under construction worldwide, with an installed capacity of 72.6 million kilowatts, marking the highest level since 1990 [1] - Nuclear energy is recognized for its contributions to energy security, optimizing energy structure, and facilitating energy transition [1] Group 2: China's Nuclear Energy Development - By 2030, it is expected that China's operational nuclear power capacity will reach 110 million kilowatts, with current operational units numbering 58 and a total capacity of 60.96 million kilowatts [2] - China has 44 approved units under construction with a capacity of 52.35 million kilowatts, making it the world's largest nuclear power producer [2] - In 2024, China's nuclear power generation is projected to be 444.7 billion kilowatt-hours, representing 4.72% of the national total and equivalent to a reduction of 334 million tons of CO2 emissions [2] Group 3: Safety and Technological Advancements - China adheres to a "safety first" policy in nuclear power development, with over 600 operational years without any incidents rated at level 2 or above on the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES) [3] - The performance metrics of China's nuclear power units show that 82.18% meet excellent standards, 84.79% meet advanced standards, and 92.07% meet median standards [3] - China's third-generation nuclear technology is in mass construction, with the "Hualong One" design having 7 units in operation and 26 units approved for construction [3]

Core Insights - Nuclear energy is increasingly recognized for its strategic value as a low-carbon, dispatchable baseload energy source amid pressures from climate change and energy security [1] - China plans to complete a fusion energy experimental facility by 2027, with expectations to see the first demonstration of fusion energy within five years [1] Group 1: Nuclear Energy Development - The "Good Hope Science Salon" focused on the theme of "Nuclear Energy Dual Engines: Collaborative Innovation of Fission and Fusion," bringing together experts from academia, industry, and finance to assess China's nuclear energy development [1] - The technical roadmap for China's magnetic confinement fusion energy development includes the construction of an experimental facility, a fusion experimental reactor, an engineering demonstration reactor, and a prototype fusion power plant [1] - The Chinese fusion engineering demonstration reactor (CFEDR) has begun design planning, aiming to be the world's first fusion demonstration power plant [1] Group 2: Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) - The next decade is seen as a critical window for the development and promotion of small modular reactors (SMRs), which offer advantages such as shorter construction times, lower individual investment, and greater site adaptability compared to large reactors [2] - China's first fourth-generation nuclear power project, a pebble bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, has been completed, and the country is expected to lead in the construction of the first land-based commercial modular small reactor, "Linglong One" [2] - The electricity consumption of data centers in China is projected to reach 400 terawatt-hours by 2030, double that of 2020, indicating a growing demand for energy solutions like SMRs [2] Group 3: Synergy Between SMRs and Fusion - The collaborative development of SMRs and controllable nuclear fusion is viewed as a "dual engine" for the energy revolution, emphasizing the need for policy coordination, patient capital support, and public understanding [3] - The "Good Hope Science Salon" is organized by Zhongke Chuangxing, focusing on hard technology entrepreneurship and investment, aiming to explore new paradigms and paths for technological innovation and the integration of future industries [3]