经济数据 2025 年 12 月 15 日 11 月经济: 从"分化" 看 —11 月经济数据点评 事件: 11 月 , 社零当月同比 1.3%、预期 2.9%、前值 2.9% ; 固定资产投资累计同比-2.6%、 预期-2.2%、前值-1.7%；房地产开发投资累计同比-15.9%、预期-15.4%、前值-14.7%; 工业增加值当月同比 4.8%、预期 5%、前值 4.9%。 核心观点：经济分化背后隐藏政策转型线索，"旧指标"忽视了经济"新变化"。 ● 消费：促消费政策从商品转向服务，社会消费品零售走弱、但服务零售走强。电商促销前 置效应消退，金银珠宝、日用品等零售增速下行；国补退坡叠加需求透支效应影响下，家 电、汽车和家具等以旧换新类商品消费走弱，共同拖累社零增速下行至 1.3%；服务消费 表现积极，虽然占比较小的餐饮收入偏弱，但全口径服务零售额累计同比上行至 5.4%。 地产:受个别房企信用风险影响,地产融资走弱拖累投资加速下行。11 月,房企自筹资 金明显走弱，拖累房企信用融资增速大幅下行 11.5pct 至-25.3%，相应拖累地产投资增 速（-6.9pct 至-29.9%）大幅下行，新开工（-27 ...

Economic Growth - In the first half of 2025, the GDP growth rate in the eastern region averaged 5.3%, lagging behind the central (5.5%) and western (5.6%) regions, continuing the "east low, west high" trend[6][12] - The top five provinces accounted for 40% of the national GDP, with the top ten provinces making up 61.6%, indicating stable contributions from major economic provinces[13] Industrial Performance - The industrial added value in the central and western regions grew by 7.9% and 8.2% respectively, surpassing the national average of 6.4%, while eastern regions showed stable growth at 7.1%[27][31] - Eastern regions experienced a profit growth of over 10% in industrial enterprises, contrasting with the central and western regions where profits declined or showed minimal growth[31][30] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment in the central region grew by 6.6%, exceeding the national level by 3.8 percentage points, while the eastern region's investment growth was only 1.7%[40][44] - Real estate investment in the eastern region decreased by 9.7%, contributing to the overall sluggish investment performance[44] Consumption Patterns - The central region led the nation in retail sales growth at 6.2%, while the eastern region lagged with a growth rate of only 4%[49][52] - The northeastern region saw a retail sales growth of 5.4%, benefiting from tourism and cultural events[52] Export Dynamics - The central and western regions achieved export growth rates of 15.5% and 17.5%, significantly higher than the national average of 7.2%, while the eastern region's export growth was only 1.4%[60] - Guangdong's exports grew by just 1.1%, heavily impacted by U.S. tariff policies and declining demand in the consumer electronics sector[60] Import Trends - In the first half of 2025, 21 provinces experienced negative import growth, particularly in the eastern and northeastern regions, with the eastern region's imports declining by 5.3%[66] - Some provinces in the central and western regions saw positive import growth, driven by resource products, with Anhui and Gansu achieving import growth rates of 13.4% and 30.3% respectively[66]

Economic Indicators - May 2025 domestic CPI is expected to decrease by 0.4% month-on-month and year-on-year[3] - May 2025 PPI is projected to decline by 0.3% month-on-month and 3.2% year-on-year[3] - Industrial added value is anticipated to slightly drop to 5.5% year-on-year in May 2025[3] - Retail sales of consumer goods are expected to decrease to 5.0% year-on-year in May 2025[3] - Fixed asset investment is forecasted to remain stable at 4.0% year-on-year[3] Trade and Financing - Exports in May 2025 are expected to rise by approximately 8.5% year-on-year[3] - Imports are projected to increase by 4.5% year-on-year[4] - Trade surplus is estimated at $971 million in May 2025[4] - Monthly increase in credit is expected to be 11,000 million yuan[4] - Total social financing is projected to increase by 22,000 million yuan in May 2025[4]