来源：科技日报 基础研究是整个科学体系的源头，是所有技术问题的总机关。从探索宇宙奥秘到勇攀科学高峰，"十四 五"以来，坚持自由探索和目标导向"两条腿"走路，我国基础研究整体实力显著增强。 看自由探索的基础研究，我们取得了一批具有世界影响力的重要原创性成果：在国际上首次实现光子的 分数量子反常霍尔态，为容错量子计算奠定理论基础；首次揭示了月球背面存在年轻的岩浆活动，为完 善全月演化框架提供关键科学证据；构建了新型可编程的染色体大片段DNA精准操纵技术，首次实现 兆碱基级别多染色体的精准操纵。 看目标导向的基础研究，聚焦国家需求，部署纳米前沿、催化科学、物态调控等重点研发任务，一批重 大科学问题实现突破。例如，基于信息超材料的新架构无线通信系统，为6G技术提供了前瞻性的基础 支撑；建立的稀土资源绿色高效采集、精选和冶炼理论，为稀土材料引领发展提供了重要支撑。 科技强国：从夯实根基到勇攀高峰 全球首个！8月26日，广东江门一处静谧山体深处传出一则喜讯：位于地下700米的江门中微子实验(简 称"JUNO")成功完成2万吨液体闪烁体灌注，并正式运行取数，成为国际上首个运行的超大规模和超高 精度中微子专用大科学装置。 这 ...

Core Insights - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment (JUNO) has officially begun data collection as of August 26, 2023, aiming to address significant questions in particle physics, particularly the mass ordering of neutrinos [1][2] - This facility, constructed over more than a decade, is designed to provide high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters and explore various astrophysical phenomena [1][2] Group 1 - The experiment is located 700 meters underground in Jiangmen, Guangdong, featuring a large organic glass sphere with a diameter exceeding 35 meters, which captures neutrinos [1] - Neutrinos are fundamental particles that constitute the material world and are the most abundant particles in the universe, yet many mysteries surrounding them remain unsolved [1][2] - The core detector of the experiment contains 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator, with thousands of photomultiplier tubes embedded in its outer wall to detect weak light signals generated by neutrino interactions [1][2] Group 2 - The project team successfully filled over 60,000 tons of ultra-pure water within 45 days, ensuring the liquid level difference between the inner and outer spheres is controlled to a centimeter level, with a flow deviation of no more than 0.5% [2] - The experiment is a collaboration involving approximately 700 researchers from 17 countries and regions, marking the first operation of such a large-scale and high-precision neutrino-specific scientific facility internationally [2] - The design lifespan of the Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment is planned for 30 years, with potential upgrades to conduct double beta decay experiments to investigate the absolute mass of neutrinos and whether they are Majorana particles [2]

Core Insights - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment (JUNO) has officially commenced data collection as of August 26, 2023, aiming to address significant questions in particle physics, particularly the mass ordering of neutrinos [1][2] - This facility, constructed over more than a decade, represents a major advancement in neutrino research, building on previous experiments like the Daya Bay Neutrino Experiment [1][2] Group 1: Project Overview - The JUNO facility is located 700 meters underground in Jiangmen, Guangdong, featuring a large acrylic sphere with a diameter exceeding 35 meters designed to detect neutrinos [1] - The experiment will not only focus on neutrino mass ordering but also measure neutrino oscillation parameters with higher precision and explore various astrophysical phenomena [1][2] Group 2: Technical Achievements - The project team successfully filled over 60,000 tons of ultra-pure water within 45 days, maintaining a liquid level difference within centimeters and a flow deviation of less than 0.5%, ensuring the stability and safety of the detector [2] - This experiment is the first of its kind to operate a large-scale, high-precision neutrino detection facility internationally, providing insights into fundamental questions about matter and the universe [2] Group 3: Future Prospects - The JUNO facility is designed for a lifespan of 30 years, with potential upgrades to conduct double beta decay experiments to investigate the absolute mass of neutrinos and test if they are Majorana particles [2] - The collaboration involves approximately 700 researchers from 17 countries and regions, marking a significant international effort in advancing neutrino physics [2]

Core Insights - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment, located 700 meters underground in Jiangmen, Guangdong, has officially begun data collection, marking it as the first next-generation large-scale neutrino experiment in the world [1][2] - The experiment aims to address significant issues in particle physics, particularly the neutrino mass ordering problem, with expectations of achieving breakthroughs that will enhance the precision of three out of six neutrino oscillation parameters [1] Group 1 - The central detector of the Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment is buried 700 meters underground to effectively reduce cosmic ray interference [1] - The detector contains 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator, capable of detecting neutrinos produced by the Taishan and Yangjiang nuclear power plants located 53 kilometers away [1] - Neutrinos are the oldest and most abundant particles in the universe, characterized by their light mass and near-light speed, making them interact very weakly with other matter [1] Group 2 - The experiment is designed to have a lifespan of 30 years and can later be upgraded to become the world's most sensitive experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay [2] - The completion of the detector filling and the commencement of data collection is considered a historic milestone, enabling researchers to address fundamental questions about the nature of matter and the universe [2] - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment is led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with participation from 74 global research institutions [2]

Group 1: Long March 8 Rocket Launch - The Long March 8 rocket successfully launched 10 low-orbit satellites for satellite internet on August 26, 2025, marking its third mission of the year [1][3] - The Long March 8 is an upgraded version designed for medium-sized liquid launch vehicles, capable of high-density launches and multiple concurrent missions [3][4] - The rocket implemented several technological innovations, including full-process automation and active drift control during takeoff, enhancing launch efficiency and flight stability [5][6] Group 2: Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment, located 700 meters underground, officially began operations on August 26, 2025, after over ten years of preparation [7] - The core detector of the experiment is a 20,000-ton liquid scintillator detector, which has met or exceeded performance expectations during initial testing [9] - Neutrinos, fundamental particles of matter, are crucial for exploring the universe, and the experiment aims to capture these elusive particles using advanced technology [10][12] Group 3: Large Dredging Vessels - Two self-designed large dredging vessels, "Tongzhen" and "Junguang," were launched on August 26, 2025, after over three years of development [17][18] - Each vessel measures approximately 198 meters in length and has a maximum dredging depth of 120 meters, with a capacity of 35,000 cubic meters, equivalent to filling 18 standard swimming pools [20] - The vessels feature advanced systems for efficient dredging operations, including a powerful mud pump and an intelligent dredging control system, enhancing operational efficiency and environmental sustainability [22][24]

Core Insights - The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) has officially begun data collection as of August 26, 2023, after over a decade of construction, aiming to address significant questions in particle physics, particularly the mass ordering of neutrinos [2][4]. Group 1: Project Overview - The JUNO facility is located 700 meters underground in Jiangmen, Guangdong, featuring a 35-meter diameter acrylic sphere designed to detect neutrinos, often referred to as "ghost particles" due to their elusive nature [2][4]. - The observatory's core detector contains 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator and is equipped with tens of thousands of photomultiplier tubes to capture faint light signals generated by neutrino interactions [4][5]. Group 2: Scientific Goals - JUNO aims to provide high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters and explore various astrophysical phenomena, including supernovae and solar neutrinos, thereby addressing unresolved mysteries in particle physics [4][5]. - The project is expected to have a lifespan of 30 years, with potential upgrades to conduct experiments on neutrinoless double beta decay, which could reveal the absolute mass of neutrinos and determine if they are Majorana particles [5]. Group 3: Collaborative Efforts - The project is led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, involving approximately 700 researchers from 17 countries and regions, marking a significant international collaboration in the field of neutrino research [5].

Core Viewpoint - The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has successfully completed the infusion of 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator and has officially begun data collection to capture neutrinos, which are known as "ghost particles" [1] Group 1 - The successful operation of JUNO allows scientists to address fundamental questions about the nature of matter and the universe [1] - The initial data obtained during the trial operation indicates that the key performance indicators of the detector have fully met or exceeded design expectations [1] - This marks the first time an ultra-large scale and ultra-high precision neutrino-specific scientific facility has been operated internationally [1]

Core Insights - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment (JUNO) has officially commenced data collection, aiming to address significant questions in particle physics, particularly the mass ordering of neutrinos [1][2] - Neutrinos are fundamental particles that are abundant in the universe but are difficult to detect due to their weak interaction with matter [1] - The experiment is a continuation of China's efforts in neutrino research, following the Daya Bay experiment, and is expected to enhance the understanding of neutrino oscillation parameters and other astrophysical phenomena [1][2] Experiment Details - The core detector of the JUNO is a 35-meter diameter acrylic sphere filled with 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator, equipped with thousands of photomultiplier tubes to detect faint light signals produced by neutrino interactions [2] - The construction of the detector involved significant challenges, including the precise control of water levels and flow rates to ensure stability and safety [2] - The experiment is a collaboration involving approximately 700 researchers from 17 countries and regions, marking it as a large-scale scientific endeavor [2] Future Prospects - The JUNO is designed for a lifespan of 30 years, with potential upgrades to conduct double beta decay experiments, which could provide insights into the absolute mass of neutrinos and their nature as Majorana particles [2]

Core Insights - The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) has officially begun data collection as of August 26, 2023, after over ten years of construction, aiming to address significant questions in particle physics, particularly the mass ordering of neutrinos [1][3]. Group 1: Project Overview - The JUNO facility is located 700 meters underground in Jiangmen, Guangdong, featuring a large organic glass sphere with a diameter exceeding 35 meters designed to capture elusive neutrinos, often referred to as "ghost particles" [1][3]. - Neutrinos are fundamental particles that are abundant in the universe but interact very weakly with matter, making them difficult to detect. The first detection of neutrinos occurred in 1956, marking the beginning of their study in physics [3][5]. Group 2: Technological Features - The core detector of JUNO contains 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator housed within the organic glass sphere, equipped with tens of thousands of photomultiplier tubes to detect faint light signals produced by neutrino interactions [5]. - The construction of this high-precision detector involved significant challenges, including the successful filling of over 60,000 tons of ultra-pure water within 45 days, ensuring the stability and safety of the detector's structure [5]. Group 3: Research Goals and Collaborations - JUNO aims not only to determine the mass ordering of neutrinos but also to measure neutrino oscillation parameters with higher precision and explore various astrophysical phenomena, including supernovae and solar neutrinos [3][6]. - The project is led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with collaboration from approximately 700 researchers across 17 countries and regions, marking a significant international effort in neutrino research [5][6]. Group 4: Future Prospects - The JUNO facility is designed for a lifespan of 30 years, with potential upgrades to conduct experiments on neutrinoless double beta decay, which could provide insights into the absolute mass of neutrinos and their nature as Majorana particles [6].

Core Insights - The Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment (JUNO) has officially commenced operations, marking it as the world's first large-scale and high-precision neutrino-specific scientific facility [1][3]. Group 1: Project Overview - The experiment is led by the Institute of High Energy Physics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and is located in Jiangmen, Guangdong Province [3]. - JUNO has successfully completed the infusion of 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator, which is essential for capturing neutrinos, often referred to as "ghost particles" [3]. Group 2: Scientific Significance - The operation of JUNO enables scientists to address fundamental questions regarding the nature of matter and the universe [3]. - Initial data obtained during the trial operation indicates that the key performance indicators of the detector have met or exceeded design expectations [3].