Core Insights - The U.S. is taking significant steps to reduce its dependence on rare earth elements, marking a strategic shift in its approach to resource management and national security [1][4][5] - The establishment of the new rare earth mine in Wyoming, the first in over 70 years, signifies a critical move towards building a domestic supply chain for rare earth elements [1][3] - The U.S. Department of Energy emphasizes the importance of developing both mining and processing capabilities domestically to ensure a secure supply chain [1][3] Group 1: U.S. Rare Earth Initiatives - The U.S. has initiated the construction of the La Macoc Brook rare earth project, which is expected to tap into significant domestic resources [1][3] - The Brook coal mine is estimated to contain up to 1.7 million tons of rare earth oxides, including valuable elements like neodymium and dysprosium, essential for various technologies [3][7] - The U.S. Department of Defense has acquired a 15% stake in a key rare earth mining and refining company to secure supplies for military applications [4][7] Group 2: Market Dynamics and Competition - China remains the largest producer of rare earth elements, supplying nearly 90% of the global market, which raises concerns for the U.S. regarding supply security [5][7] - The U.S. is currently reliant on imports for approximately 80-85% of its rare earth needs, with a staggering 83.7% dependence on China for these materials [7][10] - The geopolitical landscape is shifting, with the U.S. aiming to establish a diversified supply chain for rare earths, potentially leading to increased competition with China in the coming years [7][10] Group 3: Future Outlook - The U.S. is accelerating the development of additional rare earth projects, including the Colosseum project and the expansion of the Mountain Pass mine, to enhance domestic production capabilities [7][10] - A collaborative initiative with Japan, Australia, and India aims to create a "de-China" rare earth supply chain by 2025 [7][10] - The long-term goal is to reduce reliance on Chinese rare earths, which may lead to heightened tensions and competition between the two nations [10]

以下文章来源于日经中文网 ，作者日经中文网 日经中文网 . 编制日经指数的《日本经济新闻》的中文版。提供日本、中国、欧美财经金融信息、商务、企业、高科技报道、评论和专栏。 "现在全世界的话题都是这里，巴西不能浪费任何机会"，巴西的稀土储量约为2100万吨，仅次于中国，远远超过排在第3位的印度（约690万吨），达到美国的10倍 以上。世界上五分之一的稀土沉睡在巴西，但巴西的产量仅占整体的0.02%…… 来源｜ 日经中文网（ID：rijingzhongwenwang） 封面来源 ｜ unsplas h 巴西在朝向稀土大国迈进。巴西拥有世界第二大储量，但迄今为止开发进展缓慢。巴西将以中国的出口管制导致稀土稳定采购成为欧美各国的紧迫课题为 东风，完善投资促进政策等，从世界各地吸引资金。 储量占世界2成 产量仅占0.02% "希望加强重要矿物的研究和勘探。现在全世界的话题都是这里，巴西不能浪费任何机会"，巴西总统卢拉5月对于开发本国丰富的矿产资源表明了积极态 度。卢拉表示巴西国土面积只有3成左右进行了勘探，希望与世界各国合作，以矿物资源为基础成长为经济大国。 巴西政府计划最早在2025年内推进稀土开发相关调查和简化获得 ...

添加到纯电动汽车（EV）用马达等的磁铁中的镝和铽是高温条件下维持磁力不可或缺的。这 在稀土中也是被称为重稀土的稀缺资源，由于分离难度和对环境的影响，几乎完全依赖中国 供应。 莱纳斯在西澳大利亚开采稀土矿石，并在人工成本较低的马来西亚工厂加工稀缺性相对较低 的轻稀土。在中国加强出口管制的背景下，他们也开始涉足需要高技术实力的重稀土生产。 澳大利亚的莱纳斯公司在马来西亚的稀土加工厂成功分离出重稀土（图片由该公司提供） 莱纳斯还计划在美国德克萨斯州新建重稀土提取工厂。高性能磁铁还被用于战斗机等国防装 备。新建美国工厂从美国国防部得到了2亿5800万美元的支持。 自中国4月加强稀土出口管制以来，莱纳斯收到了很多新客户的咨询。阿曼达·拉卡兹表示， 要想与中国抗衡，"不应仅仅依靠本国力量，而应与日本、美国和马来西亚等伙伴国家合 作"。 挑战"中国一家独大"的不仅仅是澳大利亚。储量全球第二的巴西也开始扩大开发。该国储藏着全球五分 之一的稀土，但产量仅占整体的0.005%。 "这是中国以外，首次分离出重稀土"，在中国加强稀土出口管制的情况下，其他生产国也出 现了以促进本国产业振兴的动向。澳大利亚企业莱纳斯开始涉足需要高技术实 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. has a long-term reliance on imports for critical mineral resources, which has led to increased resource acquisition costs for related manufacturing due to "reciprocal tariffs" [1] - A new agreement has been signed between Ukraine and the U.S. to establish the U.S.-Ukraine Reconstruction Investment Fund, aimed at investing in mining, oil, gas projects, and related infrastructure [1] - Ukraine holds a significant position in the global mineral resource supply chain, with over 8,000 identified mineral deposits and 22 out of 50 critical minerals listed by the U.S. [2] Group 2 - The U.S. Department of Energy has included 50 types of mineral products in its critical minerals list for 2023, with a significant portion of these being heavily reliant on imports [2] - A trade investigation has been initiated by the Trump administration to assess the impact of imported critical minerals on national security, which may lead to the imposition of tariffs [3]