经济日报记者 勾明扬 为充分发挥绿色金融牵引作用、完善绿色金融标准体系和基础制度，中国人民银行、国家金融监督 管理总局、中国证监会近日联合印发《绿色金融支持项目目录（2025年版）》，进一步加大金融支持经 济社会发展全面绿色转型和美丽中国建设力度。 目前我国绿色信贷规模全球第一，绿色债券、绿色保险市场规模居全球前列，预计2030年实现碳达 峰目标资金需求将超25万亿元，绿色金融发展空间十分广阔。 政策加力支持 中国人民银行发布的《2025年第一季度中国货币政策执行报告》显示，今年3月末，绿色债券累计 发行4.3万亿元，其中绿色金融债累计发行1.8万亿元，为金融机构投放绿色信贷提供了稳定资金来源。 聚焦重点领域 深入推进污染防治攻坚，是绿色金融加大支持力度的重点领域之一。 6月13日，国家开发银行在上海清算所面向全球成功发行80亿元3年期绿色金融债券，发行利率 1.32%，获得了各类投资者的踊跃认购，认购倍数达2.33倍。本次发行募集资金将用于支持污水处理、 再生利用及污泥处理处置设施建设运营，生活垃圾处理设施建设运营等城市更新领域项目。据测算，相 关项目按照绿色债券支持比例折算后，预计可实现年减排二氧化碳4. ...

经济日报记者 王宝会 7月14日，海关总署在国新办举行的新闻发布会上披露数据显示，我国外贸经营主体活力不断释 放。上半年，我国有进出口实绩的外贸企业62.8万家，历史同期首次突破60万家，较去年同期增加了4.3 万家。其中，民营企业54.7万家，进出口增长7.3%，占进出口总值近六成。河南、浙江等地金融监管部 门日前也发布相关通知，鼓励银行创新金融产品和服务模式，积极提供全链条、一揽子综合金融服务， 为外贸企业"出海"保驾护航。 具体来看，河南金融监管局印发《关于进一步做好外贸企业金融服务的通知》，全力夯实外贸金融 服务支撑。浙江金融监管局在现有小微融资协调工作机制下单列外贸板块，将走访对象扩大至全部外贸 企业。截至2025年5月末，已走访外贸企业6.2万家，累放贷款金额3885亿元。 今年5月份，国家金融监督管理总局等8部门发布《支持小微企业融资的若干措施》提出，加大对跨 境电商等外贸新业态小微企业的金融支持。金融监管总局发布《关于做好2025年小微企业金融服务工作 的通知》也提出要加力支持小微外贸企业，依托进出口贸易场景及订单、物流等数据要素，提升信用评 估和金融服务水平，促进稳外贸稳增长。 中国邮政储蓄 ...

Core Viewpoint - The public fund industry is shifting its focus from scale to returns, as evidenced by a significant increase in dividend payouts, with a total of 93.55 billion yuan distributed in the first five months of the year, marking a year-on-year growth of approximately 40% [1][2]. Summary by Sections Dividend Performance - In the first five months, 2,635 public funds implemented dividends, totaling 3,823 distributions, which is the highest in nearly three years [1]. - Bond funds and stock index funds led the dividend payouts, contributing 71.399 billion yuan (76.32%) and 12.909 billion yuan (13.8%) respectively [2]. Market Environment and Regulatory Influence - The robust performance of the capital market has strengthened the profitability of funds, particularly in equity assets, enhancing their dividend capabilities [2]. - Regulatory bodies have encouraged fund companies to improve their dividend mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of investor returns, which has led to increased willingness to distribute dividends [2][3]. Fund Types and Strategies - Bond funds have consistently been the largest contributors to dividends, while stock index funds have also shown significant increases in their dividend distributions [3]. - The top dividend-paying funds include broad-based index funds, with the Huaxia CSI 300 ETF leading at 2.683 billion yuan [3]. Future Outlook - The trend of increasing dividends is expected to continue, driven by improved market efficiency and economic recovery, with more fund companies likely adopting a combination of regular dividends and excess profit distributions [4]. - Dividends are seen as a direct way to provide returns to investors, with bond funds offering stable cash flows and enhancing investment flexibility [4]. Brand and Investor Relations - Dividends reflect investment management capabilities and can enhance fund brand image, attracting more capital inflows [5]. - In a competitive landscape, differentiated dividend policies may help fund companies establish brand uniqueness and gain competitive advantages [4][5].

中国结算表示，自受信用保护回购业务推出以来，截至3月21日，已有11家大型证券公司和信用增 进公司申请成为合格创设机构，有力支持了60多家企业发行超过1000亿元的债券融资，切实发挥信用保 护工具便利中小民营企业债券融资、服务支持实体经济的作用。 中信证券首席经济学家明明认为，进一步放宽回购债券的评级要求，可以帮助稍低资质的民营企业 更容易进入债券市场，拓宽其融资渠道，并帮助发债企业以更低的成本筹集资金。信用保护工具还可以 在一定程度上将信用风险从投资者转移至创设方，实现风险的分散和转移，有利于提高债券的流动性、 提振市场情绪与交投活跃度，有助于维护市场稳定健康发展。 大公国际首席宏观分析师刘祥东表示，这一系列举措旨在进一步推动债券市场稳固发展，提升市场 流动性和融资效率，降低企业融资成本，大力支持绿色金融、科技创新和民营经济发展。这将有助于引 导资金流向国家重点支持领域，共同促进债券市场健康发展，增强投资者信心，稳定金融市场。 今年1月份，证监会印发的《促进资本市场指数化投资高质量发展行动方案》提出，研究将信用债 ETF纳入债券通用回购质押库，逐步补齐信用债ETF发展短板。3月21日，中国结算发布《关于信用 ...

Core Insights - Recent participation of over 1,160 foreign institutions in China's bond market indicates a growing confidence in the sector, with total bond holdings reaching 4.5 trillion yuan, an increase of over 270 billion yuan since the end of 2024 [1] - The total size of China's bond market has reached 183 trillion yuan, making it the second largest in the world, with significant increases in the weight of Chinese bonds in major international indices [1] - The current foreign investor bond holding ratio is only 2.4%, suggesting substantial room for growth compared to developed and some emerging markets [2] Group 1 - Over 1,160 foreign institutions from more than 70 countries and regions are actively participating in China's bond market, with total holdings of 4.5 trillion yuan, an increase of over 270 billion yuan since the end of 2024 [1] - The issuance of Panda bonds by foreign institutions has exceeded 950 billion yuan, reflecting strong interest in China's debt instruments [1] - China's bond market has been included in major international indices, with the weight of Chinese government bonds in the Bloomberg Global Aggregate Index reaching 9.7%, an increase of 3.7 percentage points over four years [1] Group 2 - The People's Bank of China plans to continue promoting high-level openness in the bond market, aiming to attract more foreign investors, especially long-term investors [2] - The current foreign investment ratio in China's bond market is relatively low at 2.4%, indicating significant potential for future growth [2]

那么，应该警惕哪些虚假宣传的新噱头？浙江省地方金融管理局在相关风险提示中提到，一些不法 机构假借"金融创新""数字货币""数字资产""区块链技术"等名义，通过发行或炒作以上述新型概念为噱 头的投资项目等方式吸收资金，承诺高额回报，诱导社会公众参与交易炒作。 北京市互联网金融行业协会梳理发现，利用"虚拟货币""数字资产""稳定币投资项目"进行非法集资 的项目，往往具有五大显著风险特征：资质缺失、概念包装、虚假承诺、资金池运作、风险外溢。 7月以来，多地金融管理部门、行业自律组织等接连发布风险警示公告提示，随着稳定币概念的升 温，一些不法分子以稳定币为噱头进行的非法活动有所冒头，其潜在风险值得高度警惕。 要避免上当受骗，首先需要搞明白什么是稳定币。稳定币是一种锚定真实资产的数字货币，其价值 通常与某种法定货币、商品或其他资产挂钩。不少投资者表示困惑："既然都是加密货币，那稳定币跟 之前很火的比特币一样吗？"答案是否定的。 上海金融与发展实验室主任曾刚介绍，二者的主要区别体现在价值锚定机制、价格波动性、应用场 景等方面。其一，价值锚定机制不同。稳定币通常与法定货币或其他稳定资产挂钩，1枚稳定币的价值 等同于1单位锚 ...

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of "Tier 2 perpetual bonds" (二永债) has become a crucial tool for capital replenishment in China's banking sector, with a total issuance exceeding 890 billion yuan as of July 25 this year, driven by the need to maintain stable operations and support the real economy [1][2]. Group 1: Issuance Trends - As of July 25, 2023, Chinese commercial banks have issued a total of over 890 billion yuan in "Tier 2 perpetual bonds" [1]. - The issuance of "Tier 2 perpetual bonds" by large state-owned commercial banks has accelerated, with a significant increase of 260.82% in the second quarter compared to the previous quarter [1]. - Agricultural Bank successfully issued 60 billion yuan in Tier 2 capital bonds on July 22, while China Construction Bank completed a 40 billion yuan issuance of perpetual bonds on May 19 [1]. Group 2: Interest Rate Trends - The average interest rates for "Tier 2 perpetual bonds" have shown a downward trend, with rates of 2.25% for Tier 2 capital bonds and 2.31% for perpetual bonds in the second quarter, further declining from the first quarter [1]. Group 3: Capital Adequacy and Needs - Regulatory requirements for capital adequacy have become stricter following the implementation of Basel III, necessitating banks to enhance their capital levels to meet compliance and risk management needs [2]. - The capital adequacy ratio for commercial banks (excluding foreign bank branches) was 15.28% as of the end of the first quarter, with the core tier 1 capital adequacy ratio at 10.7% [2]. - Smaller banks face narrower capital replenishment channels, with urban commercial banks and rural commercial banks having capital adequacy ratios of 12.44% and 12.96%, respectively, significantly lower than the averages for large commercial banks (17.79%) and joint-stock commercial banks (13.71%) [2]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The issuance of "Tier 2 perpetual bonds" is expected to remain high in the second half of the year, although growth rates may fluctuate due to market conditions and the pace of capital replenishment [3]. - The Central Financial Work Conference has proposed to broaden the channels for bank capital replenishment, including extending the use period of special local government bonds and optimizing shareholder qualification conditions to support smaller banks [3].

今年二季度以来，房地产市场热度明显上升。部分城市房价上涨较快，个别城市房地产市场出现了过热 苗头。 对此，党中央、国务院召开会议，反复强调"房住不炒"定位。多地立即出台房地产市场调控措施，意在 促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。 房地产调控须保持定力 日前，国家统计局城市司首席统计师孔鹏介绍，各地深入贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，坚持房子 是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，不将房地产作为短期刺激经济的手段，着力稳地价、稳房价、稳预 期，因城施策、一城一策，及时科学精准调控，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。当前，70个大中城市房 地产市场价格总体保持了平稳。 今年二季度以来，房地产市场热度明显上升，个别城市房地产市场甚至出现了过热苗头。对此，中央有 关会议多次重申，坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位。7月份以来，深圳、杭州、郑州、东莞、 南京、宁波、长春、海口等10多个城市纷纷出台调控政策，为楼市降温。 房地产市场过快上涨始终需要警惕。不过，也要看到房地产是影响宏观经济稳定和防范风险的重要因 素。"大起"需要警惕，"大落"同样也要避免。 坚持"三稳"，不能将房地产作为短期刺激经济的手段。一旦把房地产作为短期刺激经济的手段 ...

Core Viewpoint - Manzhouli is transforming from a logistics channel into a vibrant economic corridor by optimizing customs processes, expanding trade channels, and enhancing open platforms, thus facilitating resource flow both domestically and internationally [1][5]. Group 1: Customs and Trade Efficiency - Manzhouli is the only international port in China that integrates road, rail, and air transport, and it is the first border road port to operate 24-hour cargo customs clearance [1][2]. - In the first half of this year, the import and export cargo volume through Manzhouli's road port reached 1.167 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 6% [1]. - The customs have implemented a "green channel" for fruit and vegetable exports, allowing for immediate inspection and release, enhancing the efficiency of perishable goods transport [2][4]. Group 2: Infrastructure and Technological Advancements - Manzhouli is upgrading its customs inspection channels and facilities, with projects like the "smart port" and "digital customs" to improve logistics efficiency [3][9]. - The introduction of the 95306 digital port system has enabled electronic declarations and information translation, significantly enhancing customs processing capabilities [3][4]. Group 3: Industrial Development and Economic Diversification - Manzhouli is focusing on transforming traditional industries, such as wood processing, to enhance value-added production and market competitiveness [6][7]. - The city is developing a comprehensive agricultural import processing system, which has led to the establishment of numerous grain processing enterprises, with an annual processing scale exceeding one million tons [7][8]. - New foreign trade models, including cross-border e-commerce and used car exports, are emerging, with the total foreign trade import and export volume expected to reach 25.83 billion yuan in 2024, and cross-border e-commerce trade volume doubling to 580 million yuan [8][9]. Group 4: Tourism and Cultural Exchange - The revival of outbound tourism has increased visitor numbers in Manzhouli, with the city enhancing its appeal as a travel destination through cultural and recreational offerings [10][11]. - In 2024, Manzhouli is projected to receive 8.4 million tourists, with total tourism expenditure reaching 13.86 billion yuan, reflecting a growth of 4.4% and 2.5% respectively [11][12]. - Cultural exchange programs, such as cross-border study projects, are fostering deeper connections between Chinese and Russian communities, enhancing the tourism experience [12][13].

对此，陈辉表示，当前A股市场董责险风险评估方式亟需升级，不能再停留于传统因子定价阶段，应借 助大模型与机器学习技术，推动评估机制智能化、精细化。他认为，保险公司不仅要发挥"事后赔付"功 能，更要在"事前预警""事中干预"上深度绑定客户，帮助企业在治理环节实现真正的价值重塑。 同时，信息披露制度的不健全，也制约了董责险市场的良性发展。目前多数公司仅在首次采购董责险时 发布公告，对保额、费率、理赔情况等关键信息缺乏持续披露。对外经济贸易大学保险学院教授王国军 建议，监管部门可借鉴香港市场经验，推动建立强制性披露制度，将董责险内容纳入定期报告，从而提 升市场透明度和投资者信任度。王国军表示，董责险不能被简单视为合规的"遮羞布"，而应作为企业提 升治理结构、承担社会责任的积极信号。 新修订的公司法实施满一周年之际，董责险市场正在悄然发生结构性变化。多项数据显示，越来越多的 上市公司将董事、监事及高级管理人员责任保险(董责险)纳入风险管理"标配"。据不完全统计，截至今 年7月中旬，已有300余家A股上市公司披露了董责险投保计划，市场渗透率正加快接近30%，与2019年 不足8%的水平相比增长明显。尽管董责险热度不断升温 ...