Core Insights - A transformation centered around green hydrogen is quietly unfolding in China, impacting various sectors from transportation to industrial manufacturing [1] - The green hydrogen industry is expected to transition from demonstration to commercialization, with significant growth in hydrogen fuel cell vehicle ownership anticipated [1] - The industrial sector presents a larger opportunity for green hydrogen, with projects in resource-rich areas expected to lower production costs significantly [1] Group 1: Green Hydrogen Applications - The "Hydrogen Spring" tourist train symbolizes the practical application of green hydrogen in transportation [1] - Various projects, including hydrogen fuel cell ships and drones, are emerging across the country, indicating a growing integration of green hydrogen in multiple fields [1] - Mature business models for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have developed in regions like the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei [1] Group 2: Market and Policy Dynamics - The combination of policy support and market forces is expected to drive the green hydrogen industry towards commercialization during the 14th Five-Year Plan [1] - The lifecycle cost of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is projected to become competitive with traditional fuel vehicles [1] Group 3: Industrial Sector Potential - Green hydrogen projects are proliferating in resource-rich areas such as Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, with costs expected to drop to 12 yuan per kilogram [1] - This cost reduction is anticipated to provide economically viable solutions for industrial decarbonization, fostering a positive industry ecosystem [1] Group 4: Technological Advancements - The domestic production rate of core equipment like electrolyzers is increasing, and advancements in liquid hydrogen technology are expected to break existing monopolies [2] - Flexible hydrogen production systems are being developed to address the intermittency and volatility of wind and solar power generation [2] - Continuous technological breakthroughs and supportive policies are boosting industry confidence and expanding the application range of green hydrogen [2]

Core Insights - The research team from Peking University has developed a new analog computing chip for non-negative matrix factorization, significantly improving computational speed and energy efficiency compared to current digital chips [1][2]. Group 1: Technology Overview - Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a powerful data dimensionality reduction technique used in various fields such as recommendation systems, bioinformatics, and image processing [1]. - Traditional digital hardware struggles with real-time processing demands due to computational complexity and memory bottlenecks when handling large-scale datasets [1]. Group 2: Chip Performance - The new analog computing chip demonstrates a speed increase of approximately 12 times and an energy efficiency improvement of over 228 times compared to advanced digital chips in Netflix dataset applications [2]. - In the MovieLens 100k dataset recommendation system training task, the analog computing solution achieved a speed enhancement of 212 times and an energy efficiency boost of 46,000 times compared to mainstream programmable digital hardware [2]. Group 3: Applications and Implications - This research opens new pathways for real-time solutions to constrained optimization problems like non-negative matrix factorization, showcasing the potential of analog computing in handling complex real-world data [2]. - The advancements could lead to innovations in real-time recommendation systems, high-definition image processing, and genetic data analysis, contributing to more efficient and lower-power artificial intelligence applications [2].

本次会议通过学术交流、论文展示与产业对接，为温度计量领域的创新发展提供重要平 台。与会专家认为，会议内容紧扣产业需求，既展现技术前沿，又推动成果落地，对促进温 度计量技术赋能产业升级、服务国家战略具有重要意义。未来，温度计量领域将继续深化产 学研合作，以技术创新驱动产业高质量发展。 编辑：胡之澜 本次会议还同期举办论文宣读与海报展示活动，70余篇学术论文覆盖温度计量基础研 究、检测与校准新方法、不确定度评定及行业应用等方向。研究内容立足产业需求，从技术 应用探索到服务模式优化，从行业痛点分析到未来趋势预判，充分体现学术研究对产业发展 的支撑作用。与会代表围绕报告主题深入交流，海报展示区讨论热烈。 展区汇聚国内十余家温度仪器生产及计量设备企业，展示精准计量、智能监测、现场无 线校准等领域的创新设备与解决方案。参会代表与企业代表深入交流，探讨技术优势与应用 需求的对接，从行业趋势分析到具体应用构想，推动学术研究与产业化发展的深度融合。展 区不仅呈现我国温度仪器设备制造的技术进步，更彰显科研成果向产业转化的良好态势，践 行"立足温度、服务产业"的初心。 近日，由中国计量测试学会温度计量专业委员会主办、湖北省计量测试 ...

Core Viewpoint - Hunan University, in collaboration with China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group, has developed an intelligent system for shield tunneling operations and risk prevention, enhancing the safety and efficiency of underground construction projects [1][3]. Group 1: Technology Development - The intelligent system has been integrated into large-diameter shield equipment, providing technical support for major national projects and enabling precise risk prevention [1][3]. - The system allows shield machines to autonomously identify geological conditions and predict risks, transitioning from experience-driven to data-driven tunneling operations [3]. Group 2: Performance Metrics - The system's decision-making accuracy exceeds 90%, with control over tunneling posture deviation limited to within 30 millimeters, addressing issues of traditional manual control [5]. - In the Guanghua Intercity Second Work Area project, the intelligent system improved fault diagnosis efficiency by 20% and increased equipment utilization by 12%, leading to a 5% increase in monthly tunneling progress [5]. Group 3: Industry Impact - The technology has been recognized as a key promotion achievement by the China Highway Society for Tunnel and Underground Space, significantly reducing construction accident rates and human error risks [5]. - Future plans include expanding the application of this technology to more complex engineering scenarios, supporting high-quality development in China's underground construction sector [5].

北京时间1月19日凌晨2时09分左右，太阳活动区爆发X1.9级耀斑，标志着2026年首个X级大耀斑出 现。受日冕物质抛射影响，自1月20日2时起，地球开始发生地磁暴。截至21日17时，已持续出现15小时 特大地磁暴，18小时大地磁暴以及6小时中等地磁暴，目前地磁活动仍在持续。受此次强烈地磁活动影 响，我国多地天空出现了绚丽的极光。 这次地磁暴为何如此强烈？地磁暴能否预报，未来发生频次会增加吗？地磁暴会影响人类生活吗？ 1月21日，科技日报记者就此采访了相关专家。 第一问：此次地磁暴为何这么强？ 最后是预测地磁暴的强度与持续时间。当日冕物质抛射到达地球附近时，位于日地之间、距离地球 约150万公里（日地L1点）的"哨兵"卫星会对其进行捕捉。这些卫星可以直接测量太阳风的速度、密度 和磁场方向。其中磁场方向的测量尤为关键，如果太阳磁场转为强烈的南向（与地球磁场方向相反）， 就会剧烈扰动地球磁场，引发强地磁暴。 "目前来看，与天气预报相比，空间天气预报的误差仍相对较大。"陈安芹说，从日冕物质抛射离开 太阳表面，到被L1点附近的"哨兵"卫星捕获之前，中间缺乏观测数据，导致地磁暴发生时间的预报误差 在±12小时左右。同时 ...

Core Insights - In 2025, China's fundamental research is entering a breakthrough phase characterized by significant original achievements and increased funding, with basic research funding reaching a historical high of 7.08% of total R&D expenditure [1][7]. Group 1: Breakthroughs in Fundamental Research - China has made notable advancements in various fields, including the first successful thorium-uranium nuclear fuel conversion, solidifying its leadership in molten salt reactor research [2]. - The country continues to lead globally in high-quality scientific output, with multiple achievements setting international records and filling gaps in various fields [2]. - In space science, significant discoveries regarding the moon's evolution have been made, marking China's progress from isolated breakthroughs to systematic enhancements in research capabilities [3]. Group 2: Support from Major Scientific Facilities - The number of major scientific facilities in China exceeds 70, positioning the country among the world's leaders in both quantity and technology [5]. - Facilities like the Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment and the LHAASO cosmic ray observatory have produced groundbreaking results, enhancing the precision of neutrino oscillation measurements and solving long-standing cosmic mysteries [5]. - Major scientific infrastructures are recognized as crucial platforms for advancing fundamental research and driving innovation in particle physics and other fields [5]. Group 3: Strengthening the Research System - The Chinese government has prioritized enhancing fundamental research and original innovation capabilities as part of its economic and social development goals [6]. - Continuous improvements in the research system, a growing pool of young scientific talent, and stable funding are identified as key factors driving original innovation [6]. - The revised National Natural Science Foundation regulations aim to encourage original research and support the cultivation of young scientific talent [6]. Group 4: Investment in Research and Development - In 2025, total R&D expenditure in China reached 39,262 billion yuan, maintaining the second position globally, with basic research funding increasing from 6.91% to 7.08% of total R&D expenditure [7]. - Local governments are implementing policies to enhance basic research funding, incentivizing enterprises to increase their investment in fundamental research [7]. - The continuous optimization of the research system, increased funding, and the establishment of high-level support platforms are propelling China's fundamental research into a rapid development phase [7].

Core Insights - A new type of cardiac pacemaker has been developed that generates its own power from the heart's movements, potentially eliminating the need for battery replacements and allowing for "one-time implantation and lifelong use" [1][2] Group 1: Innovation and Technology - The core innovation of the pacemaker is its efficient energy self-generation system, functioning like a miniature "generator" that collects energy from the heart's low-frequency movements through electromagnetic induction [2] - The device can produce up to 120 microwatts of power, exceeding the 5-10 microwatts required for continuous operation, ensuring stable heart rhythm control [2] - The pacemaker is capsule-sized, biocompatible, and can be implanted via minimally invasive techniques, significantly reducing surgical trauma [2] Group 2: Research and Testing - The research team conducted a month-long continuous test of the pacemaker in pigs with severe arrhythmia, demonstrating its ability to maintain normal heart rhythms solely from the energy harvested from heartbeats [2] - The innovative design includes a unique magnetic suspension energy storage structure that minimizes energy loss and friction, enhancing the device's reliability for long-term use [2]

对于成千上万的心脏病患者来说，植入心脏起搏器是维持生命节律的重要方式。这类植入式电子设 备不仅能调节心律，还能帮助恢复运动、视觉、听觉等功能，在疼痛管理、疾病监测等方面扮演着关键 角色，极大提升了患者的生活质量。 该起搏器设计极度微型化，生物相容性优异，可通过微创导管经股静脉植入心脏内部，大大降低了 手术创伤。"我们还设计了磁悬浮能量缓存结构，大幅减少能量损耗和内部摩擦，实现高效稳定的能量 转换，也让设备运行更加持久可靠。"欧阳涵说。 令人欣喜的是，这项技术在国家心血管病中心动物实验中心完成动物实验验证。在研究团队构建的 心律失常猪模型中，这款共生型起搏器完全依靠心脏跳动自主供能，成功进行了为期一个月的持续运行 测试，全程稳定发挥起搏功能，有效调控了实验动物的心律。 这一突破意味着，未来心脏起搏器的使用寿命有望延长至与人的自然寿命同步，从而让患者彻底告 别二次手术的痛苦——这不仅为心脏病治疗带来革命性的可能，也为所有植入式电子设备迈向真正 的"终身免维护"与"人机共生"时代开辟了一条全新道路。 （原载于《光明日报》 2026-01-22 08版） 然而，一个长期难题始终悬在患者心头：起搏器里的电池会用完。一旦 ...

1月20日，记者从国网新疆电力有限公司获悉，近日，国网新疆电力运维人员在750千伏塘哈二线成功安装"观冰精灵"智能监测装置，实现新 疆超高压输电线路防冰系统智能化精准部署零的突破，标志着新疆电网冬季防冰保障正式迈入"机巡主导、智能预警监控"新阶段，为高寒地 区输电线路安全稳定运行筑牢硬核防线。 750千伏塘哈二线007号至008号塔区段，地处海拔约2000米山区，是新疆电网骨干输电通道，冬季覆冰风险突出。若遇覆冰情况不能及时精准 研判处置，极易影响线路输电效率，甚至引发电网设备故障，威胁电网安全稳定运行。 为保障作业安全高效推进，国网新疆电力提前开展现场勘查、空域审批等工作，制定专项安全管控方案，组织运维人员依托大载重无人机协 同作业，攻克高海拔、低温严寒及微地形带来的作业难题，历时两天完成"观冰精灵"智能监测装置的安装与调试，确保设备精准投用。 新疆送变电公司员工利用大载重无人机吊装"观冰精灵"设备。张灵军摄 此次投运的"观冰精灵"为高度集成式智能监测设备，集成导线覆冰厚度监测、导线舞动分析、连接点温度监测、通道环境隐患识别及镜头加 热除雾等多项核心功能，适配超高压线路冬季运维核心需求。设备采用导线感应取电 ...

Core Viewpoint - The industrial economy in China is expected to achieve effective qualitative improvements and reasonable quantitative growth by 2025, with major goals successfully completed [1] Group 1: Industrial Growth and Achievements - The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size is projected to grow by 5.9% year-on-year, with the manufacturing sector likely to maintain its position as the world's largest for 16 consecutive years [1] - The added value of equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing industries increased by 9.2% and 9.4% year-on-year, respectively [1] - 5G and gigabit optical networks have been integrated into 91 out of 97 categories of the national economy, with industrial internet achieving full coverage across 41 industrial categories [1] - Over 140,000 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have been cultivated, with 504,000 high-tech enterprises currently valid [1] Group 2: Economic Contribution and Development Strategies - The industrial and information sectors contribute over 40% to economic growth, acting as a stabilizing force [2] - The development of intelligent, green, and integrated manufacturing has led to the establishment of over 35,000 basic-level and 8,200 advanced-level smart factories, along with 500 excellent-level smart factories [2] - Significant advancements in technology and industry innovation have been made, with the added value of integrated circuits and electronic materials growing by 26.7% and 23.9% year-on-year, respectively [2] - The production of industrial robots increased by 28% year-on-year, and new energy vehicle sales rose by 28.2% [2] Group 3: Artificial Intelligence Industry Development - The artificial intelligence industry is expected to thrive in 2025, with over 6,000 AI companies projected and the core industry scale anticipated to exceed 1.2 trillion yuan [3] - The smart computing power scale reached 1,590 EFLOPS, and the market for AI glasses saw shipments exceeding 1.78 million units in the first three quarters of 2025 [3] - The establishment of a national AI industry investment fund with a scale of 60 billion yuan is underway [3] Group 4: Emerging and Future Industries - The cultivation of emerging and future industries has accelerated, with innovations like brain-computer interface technology expanding into various fields [4] - The government plans to implement actions to develop and strengthen emerging industries, including the creation of national demonstration bases for emerging industry development [4][5] - There will be a focus on supporting local governments to establish future industry pilot zones and increasing government investment fund allocations [5]