Group 1: New Energy Vehicle Market - In the first half of 2025, new registrations of new energy vehicles in China reached a historical high of 562,200 units, representing a year-on-year growth of 27.86% and accounting for 44.97% of total new vehicle registrations [1] - The total number of new energy vehicles in China reached 36.89 million by the end of June 2025, making up 10.27% of the total vehicle population, with pure electric vehicles constituting 69.23% of this segment [1] Group 2: Geely Holding Group Performance - Geely Holding Group reported total sales of 1,931,698 vehicles in the first half of 2025, a 30% increase year-on-year, with new energy vehicle sales reaching 1,001,496 units, up 73% [2] - The second quarter sales were 985,105 vehicles, with new energy vehicle sales at 538,124 units, marking a significant milestone of over one million new energy vehicles sold in the first half [2] Group 3: Automotive Parts Export to EU - In the first half of 2025, China's exports of automotive parts to the EU grew by 9.7%, reflecting deepening trade relations and technological cooperation between China and the EU [3] - The overall trade volume between China and the EU reached 2.82 trillion yuan, with imports of large bus gearboxes and diesel engines from the EU increasing by 40.8% and 65.2%, respectively [3] Group 4: Collaboration between CATL and BHP - CATL signed a memorandum of cooperation with BHP to promote the electrification of mining operations, focusing on electric mining equipment, fast-charging infrastructure, and battery recycling [4] - This partnership signifies a significant step towards sustainable development and industry transformation, aligning with global trends towards a low-carbon economy [4]

Group 1 - Ningde Times and BHP will collaborate on product development, focusing on battery solutions for heavy mining equipment and railway locomotives, along with fast-charging infrastructure [1] - BHP, headquartered in Melbourne, Australia, is the world's largest diversified resources company, operating in 25 countries with various metal mining businesses [2] - BYD's subsidiary, Fudi Battery, has also signed a memorandum of understanding with BHP to explore battery systems for heavy mining equipment and vehicles [4][5] Group 2 - The collaboration aims to leverage BYD's expertise in electric vehicle solutions to assess the applicability and potential of such technologies in mining operations [5][6] - BHP's procurement officer highlighted that partnering with BYD is a significant step towards achieving ambitious decarbonization goals, injecting new momentum into the global resource industry's transformation [6]

Core Viewpoint - Recent collaborations between CATL, BYD's subsidiary FDB, and BHP focus on energy storage business partnerships, driven by the increasing demand for lithium, nickel, and other essential minerals due to the rise of renewable energy technologies [1][4]. Group 1 - BHP aims for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, responding to the dual pressures of expanding mining operations and the need for decarbonization [4]. - The partnerships with CATL and FDB will explore the application of existing and emerging technologies in BHP's global mining operations [5]. - CATL emphasizes leveraging each party's strengths to promote electrification in mining operations through electric mining equipment, fast-charging infrastructure, energy storage, and battery recycling [6]. Group 2 - FDB aims to develop power battery system solutions for heavy mining equipment and locomotives, alongside fast-charging infrastructure, while exploring other sustainable technology applications in the mining sector [7].

Group 1: Battery Industry Developments - BHP has signed preliminary cooperation agreements with CATL and BYD to promote electrification in global mining operations, focusing on battery systems for heavy mining equipment and railway locomotives, as well as building fast-charging infrastructure [2][3] - ExxonMobil's 10GWh energy storage battery project is progressing, with construction expected to complete by the end of the year, aiming for an annual production value exceeding 6 billion yuan once fully operational [4][6] - Honeycomb Energy's global power battery installation volume increased by 110% year-on-year in the first half of 2025, with overseas shipments accounting for 30% of total sales [7][8] Group 2: Material Prices - The price of battery-grade lithium carbonate has risen for nine consecutive days, reaching 64,700 yuan per ton, marking a significant increase of 2,100 yuan over the past five days and 3,990 yuan over the past month [9][10] Group 3: Equipment Innovations - GAC Aion has applied for a patent related to solid-state battery manufacturing technology, which addresses issues of internal short circuits in solid-state batteries during application [11][12] Group 4: International Policies - The UK government is introducing new measures to promote electric vehicle sales, including a £63 million investment in charging infrastructure and a £2.5 billion fund to assist manufacturers in transitioning to zero-emission vehicles [13][14]

Domestic News - Guangxi has issued the first batch of road testing licenses for low-speed unmanned vehicles, marking the transition from closed testing to open road testing for autonomous vehicles [2] - Anhui province is offering a cash subsidy of 3,000 yuan per vehicle for consumers purchasing the "Hongmeng Zhixing" series of new energy vehicles, with a total budget of 3.6 million yuan for 1,200 vehicles [3] - Li Auto has expanded its service network to 642 stores across 225 cities in China, having opened 25 new locations from April to June [4] - China FAW Group has signed an agreement with the Changchun municipal government to promote high-quality development in the automotive industry, with plans to launch eight new energy models [5] - Huawei plans to launch a high-speed commercial solution based on L3 technology architecture in September, with expectations for ADS 4 to achieve commercial use by the fourth quarter of this year [6] - CATL has signed a memorandum of cooperation with BHP to collaborate on electric mining equipment, fast-charging infrastructure, and battery recycling [7] - Yika Technology has deepened its global cooperation with Samsung Group, integrating advanced technologies into its solutions to enhance the smart ecosystem in the automotive sector [8][9] - The China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance has launched an open service platform to improve service levels and facilitate efficient circulation in the charging and battery swap industry [10] International News - In the Philippines, new car sales fell by 1.2% year-on-year in May, with total sales for the first five months showing a slight increase of 1.7% [12] - The UK plans to introduce new incentives to lower the cost of purchasing electric vehicles, including a £63 million investment in charging infrastructure [13] - Norway's new car registrations increased by 5% in June, with electric vehicles accounting for 96.9% of total sales, driven primarily by the Tesla Model Y [14] - VinFast has signed a strategic cooperation agreement with BatX Energies to enhance its local supply chain and optimize product lifecycle in India [15] Commercial Vehicles - Yutong has launched its high-end flagship light truck T6, showcasing its technological capabilities and responding to market demands [16] - Qingling has introduced the Lingkun electric truck in Shanghai, aiming to support the city's green logistics transformation [17] - Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle has signed a strategic cooperation agreement with XJ Group to enhance collaboration in high-end electric power equipment and new energy sectors [18] - The new generation of Junling A series has been launched in Zhengzhou, featuring advanced powertrains and design aimed at enhancing logistics efficiency and sustainability [19]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided 2. Core Viewpoints - The signing of memorandums between BYD and CATL, two leading lithium - ion battery companies, and BHP has led to a significant rise in the lithium - ion battery sector [4][5]. - The cooperation establishes the first - mover advantage of CATL and BYD in the industrial battery field, and expands the application scenarios of new - energy lithium - ion batteries, driving the expected future demand growth and promoting the development of lithium - ion battery technology [5]. - Under recent positive stimuli, lithium carbonate is oscillating strongly in the range of 65,000 - 68,000 yuan per ton [5]. 3. Summary by Related Content Cooperation Details - BYD's wholly - owned subsidiary FDB and BHP will jointly research and explore power battery system solutions and supporting flash - charging infrastructure for heavy - duty mining equipment and locomotives, and explore the use of BYD commercial and light vehicles in BHP's mines to promote the diesel replacement technology process [4]. - CATL and BHP will cooperate in areas such as electrification of mining equipment, construction of fast - charging infrastructure, energy storage, and battery recycling to promote the electrification transformation of mine operations [4]. Market Performance - Lithium - ion battery stocks have hit the daily limit, and the sentiment has driven up lithium carbonate futures. As of the time of writing, the main contract price of lithium carbonate is 66,780 yuan per ton, with an intraday high of 68,360 yuan per ton [5]. Market Scale Forecast - According to BloombergNEF, the global market size of electrified mining equipment is expected to reach $28 billion by 2030 [5].

Core Viewpoint - CATL and BHP have signed a memorandum of cooperation to promote the electrification of mining operations and create a replicable model for green transformation in the mining industry [1][2]. Group 1: Partnership Details - The collaboration will focus on electric mining equipment, fast-charging infrastructure, energy storage, and battery recycling [1][2]. - Both companies aim to develop battery solutions for heavy mining equipment and railway locomotives, along with corresponding fast-charging infrastructure [2]. Group 2: Industry Context - The demand for critical minerals like lithium and nickel is increasing due to the rise of renewable energy technologies, driving the mining industry towards expansion [2]. - BHP has set a goal to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, positioning itself as a leader in the low-carbon transition [2]. Group 3: Future Outlook - The partnership aims to optimize battery recycling processes and promote a circular economy, establishing a more sustainable value chain in the mining industry [2]. - Continuous technological innovation is expected to create long-term value and drive the transformation of resource-based industries [3].

Core Insights - CATL has signed a memorandum of cooperation with BHP to collaborate in various fields including mining equipment electrification, fast charging infrastructure development, energy storage, and battery recycling [1] Group 1: Collaboration Areas - The partnership will focus on product research and development for battery solutions suitable for heavy mining equipment and railway locomotives [1] - Both companies will work together to establish corresponding fast charging infrastructure [1] - The collaboration will explore the application scenarios of energy storage systems in BHP's global mining operations [1]

Investment Rating - The report rates the industry as "Positive" [6] Core Insights - Potassium is one of the three essential nutrients for crop growth, often referred to as "the grain of food" [2] - The global potassium fertilizer market is projected to reach USD 28.12 billion in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.9% expected until 2033 [27] - The supply of potassium is dominated by a few major players, leading to a clear oligopoly in the industry [2][44] Industry Overview - Potassium is essential for crop growth, with a market size exceeding USD 100 billion [15] - The potassium resource is divided into solid potassium ores and potassium brine, with solid potassium ores being the majority [28] - Global potassium resources are unevenly distributed, with China holding only 4% of the world's reserves, leading to significant reliance on imports [2][53] Demand Analysis - Global potassium fertilizer demand is expected to grow steadily due to population increases, with an average annual growth rate of 2.67% projected from 2024 to 2030 [3] - Key regions driving demand include China, Southeast Asia, and Brazil, with specific agricultural practices increasing potassium usage [3][18] - By 2030, global potassium fertilizer demand is anticipated to reach 85.2 million tons [3] Supply Analysis - Capital expenditures for greenfield potassium projects are substantial, with development cycles typically ranging from 7 to 10 years [4] - Major projects, such as BHP's Jansen project, are expected to significantly increase global potassium production capacity [4][20] - If current projects are completed on schedule, global potassium production could reach 90.9 million tons by 2030, with a CAGR of 2.35% from 2024 to 2030 [4] Price Trends - Short-term price trends for potassium fertilizers are expected to be strong, influenced by supply constraints and high demand in key markets [5] - The price of potassium fertilizers is projected to face upward pressure until 2026, after which it may stabilize as new projects come online [5][26] - The long-term price will be supported by marginal costs, despite potential oversupply in the future [5]

Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the content. Core Views of the Report - The IMF has lowered the global economic growth rate forecast for 2025 to 2.8%, and trade policy uncertainty will disrupt the global supply chain. The Fed may be cautious about the timing of interest rate cuts, while the ECB may end the easing cycle. China will continue to implement an expansionary fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy in the second half of the year [4]. - In terms of supply, the global copper concentrate supply growth rate is expected to be only 1.7% in 2025 and further decline to 1.4% in 2026. The global refined copper supply growth rate will drop to 2% in 2025. In the second half of the year, domestic small and medium - sized smelters may face production cut risks, and the release of new global refined copper production capacity will be significantly limited [4]. - In terms of demand, copper has become a key strategic reserve resource in the context of global AI and electrification transformation. The global refined copper consumption growth rate is expected to be 3.7% in 2025, and the domestic growth rate will be 3.4% [4]. - The copper price center is expected to continue to rise in the second half of this year, with the risk of periodic high - level corrections due to overseas macro disturbances. The medium - to - long - term upward trend of copper prices remains unchanged. The main operating range of SHFE copper is expected to be 77,000 - 85,000 yuan/ton, and that of LME copper is 9,500 - 10,500 US dollars/ton [4]. Summary According to the Table of Contents 1. Review of the First - Half Market in 2025 - In the first half of 2025, copper prices showed a trend of bottoming out and rebounding. In the first quarter, SHFE copper rose from a low of 73,000 to 83,000 due to supply concerns and macro - economic factors. In the second quarter, prices fluctuated due to trade policy uncertainties, and then rebounded after the Sino - US trade negotiation [11]. - Domestic copper inventory first increased and then decreased. The spot premium changed from discount to premium. In the second half of the year, domestic refined copper spot premium is expected to remain in the premium range, with the center of premium moving up [13]. 2. Macroeconomic Analysis 2.1 Global Trade Situation Eases, and the US Economy Faces Stagflation Risks - The IMF has lowered the economic growth forecasts of major economies in 2025. The Sino - US trade negotiation has reached a preliminary consensus, but the tariff measures after the 90 - day suspension period are uncertain. The US economy has the risk of stagflation, while the eurozone economy shows a weak recovery [15][16]. 2.2 The Fed's Interest Rate Cut Expectations Rise, and the ECB May Slow Down the Rate - Cutting Pace - The Fed may have 1 - 2 small interest rate cuts this year, possibly starting in September. The ECB cut interest rates in June. The future monetary policies of both central banks will be affected by trade policies and economic data [17][19]. 2.3 Strengthen the Domestic Circulation System, and the Central Bank's Monetary Policy Remains Moderately Loose - China's economy faced challenges in the first half of the year. The central bank implemented a series of measures to support the economy. China's economy showed resilience in the first half, and the economic structure is expected to continue to optimize in the second half [21][22]. 3. Copper Ore Supply Analysis 3.1 The Global Concentrate Shortage Exceeds Expectations, and Chinese Enterprises Actively Explore Copper Ore Resources - In the first half of 2025, both Chinese and foreign capital accelerated the development of copper resources. However, the output of major mines was affected by various factors, and the shortage of copper concentrates is expected to exceed market expectations in 2025 - 2026 [25][27]. 3.2 The Global Copper Concentrate Growth Rate in 2025 is Expected to Drop to 1.7% - The planned global copper ore supply increment in 2025 is 115.5 million tons, but the actual increment is expected to be 70 - 80 million tons, with a growth rate dropping to 3%. Considering major interference factors, the actual supply growth rate in 2025 is expected to be only 1.7% and further decline in 2026 [31][33]. 4. Refined Copper Supply Analysis 4.1 Domestic Refined Copper Production Will Slow Down in the Second Half of the Year, and the Annual Year - on - Year Growth Rate May Drop to 4.5% - In the first half of 2025, domestic refined copper output was high, but more than 30% of smelters cut production to some extent. The actual output increment may be significantly lower than expected, and the annual growth rate is expected to slow down to 4.5% [41][43]. 4.2 The Release of Overseas Refined Copper Production in 2025 is Very Slow - Overseas new refined copper smelting capacity in 2025 is only 62 million tons, and the actual output is quite limited. The actual increment is expected to be about 15 million tons [45][46]. 4.3 Refined Copper Imports Will Remain at a Low Level in the Second Half of the Year, and Copper Has Become a Strategic Resource in the Great - Power Game - From January to May 2025, China's refined copper imports decreased year - on - year. In the second half of the year, imports are expected to remain at 25 - 28 million tons per month, and the annual imports will drop significantly compared with last year [48][49]. 4.4 Domestic Scrap Copper Supply is Generally Stable, and Southeast Asia May Fill the Gap in US Scrap Copper Imports - From January to May 2025, China's scrap copper imports decreased slightly year - on - year. The supply of scrap copper is expected to remain stable in the second half of the year, with Southeast Asian imports filling the gap left by the US [66][69]. 4.5 LME Inventories Plummeted by More Than 70% in the First Half of the Year, and the Tight - Balance Reality Has Lowered the Global Inventory Center - As of June 27, global visible inventories decreased significantly. LME inventories are at a low level with a risk of squeezing, while COMEX inventories are rising. Domestic inventories are expected to remain low in the second half of the year [73][75]. 5. Refined Copper Demand Analysis 5.1 This Year's Grid Investment Scale is Expected to Exceed 800 Billion, and the New UHV Grid System is Upgrading at an Accelerated Pace - The planned grid investment in 2025 is expected to reach 825 billion, with an increase of 220 billion compared with 2024. The copper consumption growth rate in grid investment is expected to be 3 - 4% [77]. 5.2 The Real Estate Market is Bottoming Out, and the Real Estate Regulation Policies are Intensifying - The real estate market showed a decline in the first five months of 2025, but the price decline margin narrowed. The market is expected to gradually recover in the second half of the year, with a slight decline in copper consumption growth rate [78][80]. 5.3 The "Two New" Policies Drive the Accelerated Production and Sales of Air - Conditioners - From January to May 2025, air - conditioner production and sales increased year - on - year. However, due to various factors, the production scale may be adjusted in the third quarter, and the export may decline [81][82].